2.11BSD/src/man/man1/f77.1

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.TH F77 1
.UC
.SH NAME
f77 \- Fortran77 compiler
.SH SYNTAX
.B f77
[ option ] ... file ...
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I F77
is the UNIX Fortran77 compiler.
It accepts several types of arguments:
.PP
Arguments whose names end with `.f' are taken to be
Fortran77 source programs;
they are compiled, and
each object program is left on the file in the current directory
whose name is that of the source with `.o' substituted
for '.f'.
.PP
Arguments whose names end with `.r' or `.e' are taken to be Ratfor or EFL
source programs, respectively; these are first transformed by the
appropriate preprocessor, then compiled by f77.
.PP
In the same way,
arguments whose names end with `.c' or `.s' are taken to be C or assembly source programs
and are compiled or assembled, producing a `.o' file.
.PP
The following options have the same meaning as in \fIcc\fP\|(1).
See \fIld\fP\|(1)
for load-time options.
.TP
.B \-\^c
Suppress loading and produce `.o' files for each source
file.
.TP
.B \-\^p
Prepare object files for profiling, see \fIprof\fP\|(1)
.TP
.SM
.B \-\^O
Invoke an
object-code optimizer.
.TP
.SM
.B \-\^S
Compile the named programs, and leave the
assembler-language output on corresponding files suffixed `.s'.
(No `.o' is created.).
.TP
.B \-\^f
Use a floating point interpreter (for PDP11's that lack
11/70-style floating point).
.TP
.BR \-\^o " output"
Name the final output file
.I output
instead of `a.out'.
.PP
The following options are peculiar to
.IR f77 :
.TP
.SM
.BR \-\^onetrip
Compile DO loops that are performed at least once if reached.
(Fortran77 DO loops are not performed at all if the upper limit is smaller than the lower limit.)
.TP
.BR \-\^u
Make the default type of a variable `undefined' rather than using the default Fortran rules.
.TP
.BR \-\^C
Compile code to check that subscripts are within declared array bounds.
.TP
.BR \-\^w
Suppress all warning messages.
If the option is `\-w66', only Fortran 66 compatibility warnings are suppressed.
.TP
.BR \-\^F
Apply EFL and Ratfor preprocessor to relevant files, put the result in the file
with the suffix changed to `.f', but do not compile.
.TP
.BR \-\^m
Apply the M4 preprocessor to each `.r' or `.e' file before transforming
it with the Ratfor or EFL preprocessor.
.TP
.TP
.BI \-\^E x
Use the string
.I x
as an EFL option in processing `.e' files.
.TP
.BI \-\^R x
Use the string
.I x
as a Ratfor option in processing `.r' files.
.TP
.BR \-\^U
Do not convert upper case letters to lower case.
.TP
.BR \-\^I 2
Make default integer size 16 bit.
.TP
.BR \-\^I 4
Make default integer size 32 bit (default).
.TP
.BR \-\^v
Verbose. Print information showing what compiler is doing.
.TP
.BR \-\^d
Debug prints out intermediate information, leaves temporary files in
\fI/tmp\fP and often produces a core file.
.PP
Other arguments
are taken
to be either loader option arguments, or F77-compatible
object programs, typically produced by an earlier
run,
or perhaps libraries of F77-compatible routines.
These programs, together with the results of any
compilations specified, are loaded (in the order
given) to produce an executable program with name
`a.out'.
.SH FILES
.nf
.ta 2i
file.[fresc] input file
file.o object file
a.out loaded output
./fort[pid].? temporary
/usr/libexec/f77pass1 compiler pass 1
/lib/c1 compiler pass 2
/lib/c2 optional optimizer
/usr/lib/libF77.a intrinsic function library
/usr/lib/libI77.a Fortran I/O library
/usr/lib/libU77.a Fortran system call library
/lib/libc.a C library, see section 3
/temp/fortPID.[xsad SopzA] temporary files
.fi
.PP
Different versions of the compiler tools may be used with the following
flags followed immediately (no space) by the path name of the desired module:
.PP
.ta \w'\-TM1234567 'u +\w'macro pack12345 'u
.nf
\-T1 pass1 /lib/f77pass1
\-T2 pass2 /lib/c1
\-Ta assembler /bin/as
\-Tl loader /bin/ld
\-TF footname /lib/crt0.o
\-TM macro pack m4
.fi
.SH "SEE ALSO"
S. I. Feldman,
P. J. Weinberger,
.I
A Portable Fortran77 Compiler
.br
cc(1), ld(1), prof(1)
.SH DIAGNOSTICS
The diagnostics produced by
.I f77
itself are intended to be
self-explanatory.
Occasional messages may be produced by the loader.
.TP
\-d
causes the intermediate files to be saves in \fI/tmp\fP and causes the
compiler to print out what it is doing.
.PP
Run-time diagnostics for the input/output library are as follows:
.sp
.nf
/* 100 */ "error in format"
See error message output for the location
of the error in the format. Can be caused
by more than 10 levels of nested (), or
an extremely long format statement.
.bp
/* 101 */ "illegal unit number"
It is illegal to close logical unit 0.
Negative unit numbers are not allowed.
The upper limit is system dependent.

/* 102 */ "formatted io not allowed"
The logical unit was opened for
unformatted I/O.

/* 103 */ "unformatted io not allowed"
The logical unit was opened for
formatted I/O.

/* 104 */ "direct io not allowed"
The logical unit was opened for sequential
access, or the logical record length was
specified as 0.

/* 105 */ "sequential io not allowed"
The logical unit was opened for direct
access I/O.

/* 106 */ "can't backspace file"
The file associated with the logical unit
can't seek. May be a device or a pipe.

/* 107 */ "off beginning of record"
The format specified a left tab off the
beginning of the record.

/* 108 */ "can't stat file"
The system can't return status information
about the file. Perhaps the directory is
unreadable.

/* 109 */ "no * after repeat count"
Repeat counts in list-directed I/O must be
followed by an * with no blank spaces.

.DE
.DS
/* 110 */ "off end of record"
A formatted write tried to go beyond the
logical end-of-record. An unformatted read
or write will also cause this.

/* 111 */ "truncation failed"
The truncation of external sequential files
on 'close', 'backspace', or 'rewind' tries
to do a copy. It failed. Perhaps the temp
file couldn't be created.

/* 112 */ "incomprehensible list input"
List input has to be just right.

/* 113 */ "out of free space"
The library dynamically creates buffers for
internal use. You ran out of memory for this.
Your program is too big!

/* 114 */ "unit not connected"
The logical unit was not open.

/* 115 */ "read unexpected character"
Certain format conversions can't tolerate
non-numeric data. Logical data must be
T or F.

/* 116 */ "blank logical input field"

/* 117 */ "'new' file exists"
You tried to open an existing file with
"status='new'".

/* 118 */ "can't find 'old' file"
You tried to open a nonexistent file
with "status='old'".

/* 119 */ "unknown system error"
Shouldn't happen, but .....
(Send me a documented example.)

/* 120 */ "requires seek ability"
Direct access requires seek ability.
Sequential unformatted I/O requires seek
ability on the file due to the special
data structure required. Tabbing left
also requires seek ability.

/* 121 */ "illegal argument"
Certain arguments to 'open', etc. will be
checked for legitimacy. Often only non-
default forms are looked for.

/* 122 */ "negative repeat count"

/* 123 */ "illegal operation for channel or device"
.fi
.SH BUGS
The Fortran66 subset of the language has been
exercised extensively;
the newer features have not.
.PP
Fortran style read/write routines take up 23 Kbytes of
addressing space.
.PP
The compiler is not intelligent enough to know when to
split up assemblies and loads. Occasionally this causes
the loader \fIld\fP\|(1) to produce the informative \fBlocal symbol botch\fP
error message when local symbols like argument names are
defined with different types. Thus one must split up such
offensive modules into separate compilations.
.PP
All mathematics for reals is done in double precision.
.br
Integer*4 byte alignment is unlike DEC and everyone else's.
.br
There is no symbolic debugger.
.PP
The optimizer should be used with caution. It is known to occasionally
produce incorrect code.
.SH EXAMPLES
.TP
\fBf77 \-O \-c myprog.f\fP
creates myprog.o using C optimizer
.TP
\fBf77 \-i \-O myprog.f another.f anon.o \-lplot\fP
compiles .f files, loads all files using separate i&d space and linking
in routines in the plot library.
.TP
\fBf77 myprog.f mine.c >&errors\fP
Compiles and loads both files putting error output into file called errors.
This is the C shell (\fBcsh\fP) version.
The Bourne shell (\fBsh\fP) version is:
.LP
\fBf77 myprog.f mine.c 2>errors 1>errors\fP