4.3BSD-Reno/share/man/cat1/join.0

JOIN(1)                     UNIX Reference Manual		       JOIN(1)

NNAAMMEE
     jjooiinn - relational database operator

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
     jjooiinn [--aa _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r] [--ee _s_t_r_i_n_g] [--jj _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r _f_i_e_l_d]
	  [--oo _l_i_s_t] [--tt _c_h_a_r] [--vv _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r] [_f_i_e_l_d] [--22 _f_i_e_l_d] _f_i_l_e_1
	  _f_i_l_e_2

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
     The join utility performs an ``equality join'' on the files _f_i_l_e_1 and
     _f_i_l_e_2.  The joined files are written to the standard output.

     The ``join field'' is a field in each file on which the files are com-
     pared.  There is one line in the output for each pair of lines in _f_i_l_e_1
     and _f_i_l_e_2 which have identical join fields.  The output line by default
     consists of the join field, then the remaining fields from _f_i_l_e_1, then
     the remaining fields from _f_i_l_e_2.  This format can be changed by using the
     --oo option (see below).

     The files file1 and file2 should be ordered in the collating sequence of
     sort -b on the fields on which they are to be joined, by default the
     first in each line; Otherwise, all join field matches need not be report-
     ed.

     The default input field separators are <blank>s.  In this case, multiple
     separators count as one field separator, and leading separators are ig-
     nored.  The default output field separator is a <space>.

     The following options are available:

     --aa _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r
	       In addition to the default output, produce a line for each
	       unpairable line in file _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r, where _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r is 1 or
	       2.

     --ee _s_t_r_i_n_g
	       Replace empty output fields by the string _s_t_r_i_n_g.

     --jj _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r _f_i_e_l_d
	       Join on the _f_i_e_l_d'th field of file _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r.	If _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r
	       is missing, (i.e., the first digit of the option argument is
	       neither 1 nor 2), use the _f_i_e_l_d'th field in each file.  Fields
	       are decimal integers starting with 1.

     --oo _l_i_s_t   Each output line comprises the fields specified in _l_i_s_t, each
	       element of which has the form `file_number.field', where
	       _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r is a file number and field is a decimal integer
	       field number.  The elements of list are either comma or <space>
	       separated.  The list is written only for lines with matching
	       join fields, and is not output unless specifically requested.

     --tt _c_h_a_r   Use character _c_h_a_r as a separator, for both input and output.
	       Every appearance of char in a line is significant.  When this
	       option is specified, the collating sequence should be the same
	       as sort without the --bb option.

     --vv _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r
	       Instead of the default output, produce a line only for each
	       unpairable line in _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r, where _f_i_l_e__n_u_m_b_e_r is 1 or 2.

     --11 _f_i_e_l_d
	       Join on the _f_i_e_l_d'th field of file 1.  Fields are decimal
	       integers starting with 1.

     --22 _f_i_e_l_d
	       Join on the _f_i_e_l_d'th field of file 2.  Fields are decimal
	       integers starting with 1.

     If both `-a 1' and `-a 2' are specified, both sets of information are
     output, `-a 2' always first, regardless of the specified order.

     The following arguments are required:

     _f_i_l_e_1
     _f_i_l_e_2     A pathname of a file to be joined.  If either of the _f_i_l_e_1 or
	       _f_i_l_e_2 arguments is `--' the standard input is used in its place.


     The jjooiinn utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

SSTTAANNDDAARRDDSS
     The jjooiinn function is expected to be POSIX 1003.2 compatible.

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
     awk(1) comm(1), look(1) sort(1), uniq(1),

BBUUGGSS
     The conventions of jjooiinn join(1), comm(1), sort(1), uniq(1), look(1) and
     awk(1) are wildly incongruous.