4.3BSD-Reno/share/man/cat1/checkeq.0

EQN(1)			    UNIX Reference Manual			EQN(1)

NNAAMMEE
     eeqqnn,, nneeqqnn, cchheecckkeeqq - typeset mathematics

SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
     eeqqnn [--dd_x_y] [--pp_n] [--ss_n] [--ff_n] [file] ...
     cchheecckkeeqq [file] ...

DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
     EEqqnn is a troff(1) preprocessor for typesetting mathematics on a Graphic
     Systems phototypesetter, neqn on terminals.  Usage is almost always

	   eqn file ... | troff

	   neqn file ... | nroff

     If no files are specified, these programs read from the standard input.
     A line beginning with `.EQ' marks the start of an equation; the end of an
     equation is marked by a line beginning with `.EN'.  Neither of these
     lines is altered, so they may be defined in macro packages to get center-
     ing, numbering, etc.  It is also possible to set two characters as `del-
     imiters'; subsequent text between delimiters is also treated as eeqqnn in-
     put.  Delimiters may be set to characters _x and _y with the command-line
     argument --dd --xxyy or (more commonly) with `delim _x_y ' between .EQ and .EN.
     The left and right delimiters may be identical.  Delimiters are turned
     off by `delim off'.  All text that is neither between delimiters nor
     between .EQ and .EN is passed through untouched.

     The program cchheecckkeeqq reports missing or unbalanced delimiters and .EQ/.EN
     pairs.

     Tokens within eeqqnn are separated by spaces, tabs, newlines, braces, double
     quotes, tildes or circumflexes.  Braces {} are used for grouping; gen-
     erally speaking, anywhere a single character like _x could appear, a com-
     plicated construction enclosed in braces may be used instead.  Tilde ~
     represents a full space in the output, circumflex ^ half as much.

     Subscripts and superscripts are produced with the keywords ssuubb and ssuupp.
     Thus _x _s_u_b _i makes _x_i, _a _s_u_b _i _s_u_p _2 produces _a_i
							 2
							  , and _e _s_u_p {_x _s_u_p _2 + _y
     _s_u_p _2}" gives _e
			_x2+_y2
			  .


     Fractions are made with oovveerr: _a _o_v_e_r _b yields
						     _b

						       _a_.


     ssqqrrtt makes square roots: _1 _o_v_e_r _s_q_r_t {_a_x _s_u_p _2 +_b_x+_c}" results in


     v/~~~~~~~~_a_x
	2
	  +_b_x+_c

	       1_________ .


     The keywords ffrroomm and ttoo introduce lower and upper limits on arbitrary

     things:
		 _n->oo
		lim
		   0
		     _>_~
		     _n
		      _x_i is made with _l_i_m _f_r_o_m {_n-> _i_n_f } _s_u_m _f_r_o_m _0 _t_o _n _x _s_u_b

     _i."

     Left and right brackets, braces, etc., of the right height are made with

     lleefftt and rriigghhtt: [_l_e_f_t] _x _s_u_p _2 + _y _s_u_p _2 ~=~_1" produces
								 |
								  |
								  |
								    _x
                                                               2
								+
								   _o(

								     _y
								      2
								      __
									|
									|
									|
									   = 1.

     The rriigghhtt clause is optional.  Legal characters after lleefftt and rriigghhtt are
     braces, brackets, bars, cc and ff for ceiling and floor, and "" for nothing
     at all (useful for a right-side-only bracket).


     Vertical piles of things are made with ppiillee, llppiillee, ccppiillee, and rrppiillee:

     _p_i_l_e {_a _a_b_o_v_e _b _a_b_o_v_e _c} produces
					     _c
				       _b
				       _a

					.  There can be an arbitrary number of

     elements in a pile.  llppiillee left-justifies, ppiillee and ccppiillee center, with
     different vertical spacing, and rrppiillee right justifies.

     Matrices are made with mmaattrriixx: _m_a_t_r_i_x { _l_c_o_l { _x _s_u_b _i _a_b_o_v_e _y _s_u_b _2 }

     _c_c_o_l { _1 _a_b_o_v_e _2 } }" produces
				       _y2

					  _x_i


					      2

					 1

					  .  In addition, there is rrccooll for a

     right-justified column.

     Diacritical marks are made with ddoott, ddoottddoott, hhaatt, ttiillddee, bbaarr, vveecc, ddyyaadd,
     and uunnddeerr: _x _d_o_t = _f(_t) _b_a_r is _x.=_f(_t)~~~~, _y _d_o_t_d_o_t _b_a_r ~=~ _n _u_n_d_e_r" is
     _y..~ = _n_, and _x _v_e_c ~=~ _y _d_y_a_d is _x->= _y<-->.

     Sizes and font can be changed with ssiizzee [_n] or ssiizzee ++__n, rroommaann, iittaalliicc,
     bboolldd, and ffoonntt _n.	Size and fonts can be changed globally in a document
     by ggssiizzee _n and ggffoonntt _n, or by the command-line arguments --ss_n and --ff_n.

     Normally subscripts and superscripts are reduced by 3 point sizes from
     the previous size; this may be changed by the command-line argument --pp_n.

     Successive display arguments can be lined up.  Place mmaarrkk before the
     desired lineup point in the first equation; place lliinneeuupp at the place
     that is to line up vertically in subsequent equations.

     Shorthands may be defined or existing keywords redefined with ddeeffiinnee:
     _d_e_f_i_n_e _t_h_i_n_g % _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t % defines a new token called _t_h_i_n_g which will
     be replaced by _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t whenever it appears thereafter.  The %% may be
     any character that does not occur in _r_e_p_l_a_c_e_m_e_n_t.

     Keywords like _s_u_m (_>_~) _i_n_t () _i_n_f (oo) and shorthands like >= (>_) -> (->),
     and != (=/) are recognized.  Greek letters are spelled out in the desired
     case, as in _a_l_p_h_a or _G_A_M_M_A.  Mathematical words like sin, cos, log are
     made Roman automatically.	Troff(1) four-character escapes like \(bs ()
     can be used anywhere.  Strings enclosed in double quotes "..." are passed
     through untouched; this permits keywords to be entered as text, and can
     be used to communicate with troff(1) when all else fails.

SSEEEE AALLSSOO
     troff(1), tbl(1), ms(7), eqnchar(7)
     B. W. Kernighan and L. L. Cherry, _T_y_p_e_s_e_t_t_i_n_g _M_a_t_h_e_m_a_t_i_c_s-_U_s_e_r'_s _G_u_i_d_e J.
     F. Ossanna, _N_R_O_F_F/_T_R_O_F_F _U_s_e_r'_s _M_a_n_u_a_l

HHIISSTTOORRYY
     EEqqnn appeared in Version 6 AT&T Unix.

BBUUGGSS
     To embolden digits, parens, etc., it is necessary to quote them, as in
     `bold "12.3"'.