4.3BSD-Reno/src/bin/cp/cp.c
/*
* Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
* David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
* that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
* comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
* acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
* University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
* documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
* all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
* Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
* be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
* specific prior written permission.
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
*/
#ifndef lint
char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c 5.20 (Berkeley) 6/29/90";
#endif /* not lint */
/*
* cp copies source files to target files.
*
* The global PATH_T structures "to" and "from" always contain paths to the
* current source and target files, respectively. Since cp does not change
* directories, these paths can be either absolute or dot-realative.
*
* The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and "from", and then call the
* recursive copy() function to do the actual work. If "from" is a file,
* copy copies the data. If "from" is a directory, copy creates the
* corresponding "to" directory, and calls itself recursively on all of
* the entries in the "from" directory.
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/dir.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define type(st) ((st).st_mode & S_IFMT)
typedef struct {
char p_path[MAXPATHLEN + 1]; /* pointer to the start of a path. */
char *p_end; /* pointer to NULL at end of path. */
} PATH_T;
PATH_T from = { "", from.p_path };
PATH_T to = { "", to.p_path };
uid_t myuid;
int exit_val, myumask;
int iflag, pflag, orflag, rflag;
int (*statfcn)();
char *buf, *pname;
char *path_append(), *path_basename();
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
extern int optind;
struct stat to_stat;
register int c, r;
int symfollow, lstat(), stat();
char *old_to, *p;
/*
* cp is used by mv(1) -- except for usage statements, print
* the "called as" program name.
*/
pname = (p = rindex(*argv,'/')) ? ++p : *argv;
symfollow = 0;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Rfhipr")) != EOF) {
switch ((char)c) {
case 'f':
iflag = 0;
break;
case 'h':
symfollow = 1;
break;
case 'i':
iflag = isatty(fileno(stdin));
break;
case 'p':
pflag = 1;
break;
case 'R':
rflag = 1;
break;
case 'r':
orflag = 1;
break;
case '?':
default:
usage();
break;
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc < 2)
usage();
if (rflag && orflag) {
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"cp: the -R and -r options are mutually exclusive.\n");
exit(1);
}
buf = (char *)malloc(MAXBSIZE);
if (!buf) {
(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: out of space.\n", pname);
exit(1);
}
myuid = getuid();
/* copy the umask for explicit mode setting */
myumask = umask(0);
(void)umask(myumask);
/* consume last argument first. */
if (!path_set(&to, argv[--argc]))
exit(exit_val);
statfcn = symfollow || !rflag ? stat : lstat;
/*
* Cp has two distinct cases:
*
* Case (1) $ cp [-rip] source target
*
* Case (2) $ cp [-rip] source1 ... directory
*
* In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory.
*
* In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the
* source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for
* directories.
*
* In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source".
*/
r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT) {
error(to.p_path);
exit(1);
}
if (r == -1 || type(to_stat) != S_IFDIR) {
/*
* Case (1). Target is not a directory.
*/
if (argc > 1) {
usage();
exit(1);
}
if (!path_set(&from, *argv))
exit(exit_val);
copy();
}
else {
/*
* Case (2). Target is a directory.
*/
for (;; ++argv) {
if (!path_set(&from, *argv))
continue;
old_to = path_append(&to, path_basename(&from), -1);
if (!old_to)
continue;
copy();
if (!--argc)
break;
path_restore(&to, old_to);
}
}
exit(exit_val);
}
/* copy file or directory at "from" to "to". */
copy()
{
struct stat from_stat, to_stat;
int dne, statval;
statval = statfcn(from.p_path, &from_stat);
if (statval == -1) {
error(from.p_path);
return;
}
/* not an error, but need to remember it happened */
if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1)
dne = 1;
else {
if (to_stat.st_dev == from_stat.st_dev &&
to_stat.st_ino == from_stat.st_ino) {
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"%s: %s and %s are identical (not copied).\n",
pname, to.p_path, from.p_path);
exit_val = 1;
return;
}
dne = 0;
}
switch(type(from_stat)) {
case S_IFLNK:
copy_link(!dne);
return;
case S_IFDIR:
if (!rflag && !orflag) {
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"%s: %s is a directory (not copied).\n",
pname, from.p_path);
exit_val = 1;
return;
}
if (dne) {
/*
* If the directory doesn't exist, create the new
* one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits,
* modified by the umask. Trade-off between being
* able to write the directory (if from directory is
* 555) and not causing a permissions race. If the
* umask blocks owner writes cp fails.
*/
if (mkdir(to.p_path, from_stat.st_mode|S_IRWXU) < 0) {
error(to.p_path);
return;
}
}
else if (type(to_stat) != S_IFDIR) {
(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: not a directory.\n",
pname, to.p_path);
return;
}
copy_dir();
/*
* If not -p and directory didn't exist, set it to be the
* same as the from directory, umodified by the umask;
* arguably wrong, but it's been that way forever.
*/
if (pflag)
setfile(&from_stat, 0);
else if (dne)
(void)chmod(to.p_path, from_stat.st_mode);
return;
case S_IFCHR:
case S_IFBLK:
if (rflag) {
copy_special(&from_stat, !dne);
return;
}
break;
case S_IFIFO:
if (rflag) {
copy_fifo(&from_stat, !dne);
return;
}
break;
}
copy_file(&from_stat, dne);
}
copy_file(fs, dne)
struct stat *fs;
int dne;
{
register int from_fd, to_fd, rcount, wcount;
struct stat to_stat;
if ((from_fd = open(from.p_path, O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1) {
error(from.p_path);
return;
}
/*
* If the file exists and we're interactive, verify with the user.
* If the file DNE, set the mode to be the from file, minus setuid
* bits, modified by the umask; arguably wrong, but it makes copying
* executables work right and it's been that way forever. (The
* other choice is 666 or'ed with the execute bits on the from file
* modified by the umask.)
*/
if (!dne) {
if (iflag) {
int checkch, ch;
(void)fprintf(stderr, "overwrite %s? ", to.p_path);
checkch = ch = getchar();
while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
ch = getchar();
if (checkch != 'y') {
(void)close(from_fd);
return;
}
}
to_fd = open(to.p_path, O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC, 0);
} else
to_fd = open(to.p_path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC,
fs->st_mode & ~(S_ISUID|S_ISGID));
if (to_fd == -1) {
error(to.p_path);
(void)close(from_fd);
return;
}
while ((rcount = read(from_fd, buf, MAXBSIZE)) > 0) {
wcount = write(to_fd, buf, rcount);
if (rcount != wcount || wcount == -1) {
error(to.p_path);
break;
}
}
if (rcount < 0)
error(from.p_path);
if (pflag)
setfile(fs, to_fd);
/*
* If the source was setuid or setgid, lose the bits unless the
* copy is owned by the same user and group.
*/
else if (fs->st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID) && fs->st_uid == myuid)
if (fstat(to_fd, &to_stat))
error(to.p_path);
#define RETAINBITS (S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_ISVTX|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO)
else if (fs->st_gid == to_stat.st_gid && fchmod(to_fd,
fs->st_mode & RETAINBITS & ~myumask))
error(to.p_path);
(void)close(from_fd);
(void)close(to_fd);
}
copy_dir()
{
struct stat from_stat;
struct direct *dp, **dir_list;
register int dir_cnt, i;
char *old_from, *old_to;
dir_cnt = scandir(from.p_path, &dir_list, NULL, NULL);
if (dir_cnt == -1) {
(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't read directory %s.\n",
pname, from.p_path);
exit_val = 1;
}
/*
* Instead of handling directory entries in the order they appear
* on disk, do non-directory files before directory files.
* There are two reasons to do directories last. The first is
* efficiency. Files tend to be in the same cylinder group as
* their parent, whereas directories tend not to be. Copying files
* all at once reduces seeking. Second, deeply nested tree's
* could use up all the file descriptors if we didn't close one
* directory before recursivly starting on the next.
*/
/* copy files */
for (i = 0; i < dir_cnt; ++i) {
dp = dir_list[i];
if (dp->d_namlen <= 2 && dp->d_name[0] == '.'
&& (dp->d_name[1] == NULL || dp->d_name[1] == '.'))
goto done;
old_from = path_append(&from, dp->d_name, (int)dp->d_namlen);
if (!old_from)
goto done;
if (statfcn(from.p_path, &from_stat) < 0) {
error(dp->d_name);
path_restore(&from, old_from);
goto done;
}
if (type(from_stat) == S_IFDIR) {
path_restore(&from, old_from);
continue;
}
old_to = path_append(&to, dp->d_name, (int)dp->d_namlen);
if (old_to) {
copy();
path_restore(&to, old_to);
}
path_restore(&from, old_from);
done: dir_list[i] = NULL;
(void)free((void *)dp);
}
/* copy directories */
for (i = 0; i < dir_cnt; ++i) {
dp = dir_list[i];
if (!dp)
continue;
old_from = path_append(&from, dp->d_name, (int) dp->d_namlen);
if (!old_from) {
(void)free((void *)dp);
continue;
}
old_to = path_append(&to, dp->d_name, (int) dp->d_namlen);
if (!old_to) {
(void)free((void *)dp);
path_restore(&from, old_from);
continue;
}
copy();
free((void *)dp);
path_restore(&from, old_from);
path_restore(&to, old_to);
}
free((void *)dir_list);
}
copy_link(exists)
int exists;
{
int len;
char link[MAXPATHLEN];
if ((len = readlink(from.p_path, link, sizeof(link))) == -1) {
error(from.p_path);
return;
}
link[len] = '\0';
if (exists && unlink(to.p_path)) {
error(to.p_path);
return;
}
if (symlink(link, to.p_path)) {
error(link);
return;
}
}
copy_fifo(from_stat, exists)
struct stat *from_stat;
int exists;
{
if (exists && unlink(to.p_path)) {
error(to.p_path);
return;
}
if (mkfifo(to.p_path, from_stat->st_mode)) {
error(to.p_path);
return;
}
if (pflag)
setfile(from_stat, 0);
}
copy_special(from_stat, exists)
struct stat *from_stat;
int exists;
{
if (exists && unlink(to.p_path)) {
error(to.p_path);
return;
}
if (mknod(to.p_path, from_stat->st_mode, from_stat->st_rdev)) {
error(to.p_path);
return;
}
if (pflag)
setfile(from_stat, 0);
}
setfile(fs, fd)
register struct stat *fs;
int fd;
{
static struct timeval tv[2];
fs->st_mode &= S_ISUID|S_ISGID|S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO;
tv[0].tv_sec = fs->st_atime;
tv[1].tv_sec = fs->st_mtime;
if (utimes(to.p_path, tv))
error(to.p_path);
/*
* Changing the ownership probably won't succeed, unless we're root
* or POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED is not set. Set uid/gid before setting
* the mode; current BSD behavior is to remove all setuid bits on
* chown. If chown fails, lose setuid/setgid bits.
*/
if (fd ? fchown(fd, fs->st_uid, fs->st_gid) :
chown(to.p_path, fs->st_uid, fs->st_gid)) {
if (errno != EPERM)
error(to.p_path);
fs->st_mode &= ~(S_ISUID|S_ISGID);
}
if (fd ? fchmod(fd, fs->st_mode) : chmod(to.p_path, fs->st_mode))
error(to.p_path);
}
ismember(gid)
gid_t gid;
{
register int cnt;
static int ngroups, groups[NGROUPS];
if (!ngroups) {
ngroups = getgroups(NGROUPS, groups);
if (ngroups == -1) {
ngroups = 0;
exit_val = 1;
(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n",
pname, strerror(errno));
return(0);
}
}
for (cnt = ngroups; cnt--;)
if (gid == groups[cnt])
return(1);
return(0);
}
error(s)
char *s;
{
exit_val = 1;
(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: %s\n", pname, s, strerror(errno));
}
/********************************************************************
* Path Manipulation Routines.
********************************************************************/
/*
* These functions manipulate paths in PATH_T structures.
*
* They eliminate multiple slashes in paths when they notice them, and keep
* the path non-slash terminated.
*
* Both path_set() and path_append() return 0 if the requested name
* would be too long.
*/
#define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) { \
while ((p)->p_end > (p)->p_path && (p)->p_end[-1] == '/') \
*--(p)->p_end = 0; \
}
/*
* Move specified string into path. Convert "" to "." to handle BSD
* semantics for a null path. Strip trailing slashes.
*/
path_set(p, string)
register PATH_T *p;
char *string;
{
if (strlen(string) > MAXPATHLEN) {
(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s: name too long.\n",
pname, string);
exit_val = 1;
return(0);
}
(void)strcpy(p->p_path, string);
p->p_end = p->p_path + strlen(p->p_path);
if (p->p_path == p->p_end) {
*p->p_end++ = '.';
*p->p_end = 0;
}
STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p);
return(1);
}
/*
* Append specified string to path, inserting '/' if necessary. Return a
* pointer to the old end of path for restoration.
*/
char *
path_append(p, name, len)
register PATH_T *p;
char *name;
int len;
{
char *old;
old = p->p_end;
if (len == -1)
len = strlen(name);
/*
* The final "+ 1" accounts for the '/' between old path and name.
*/
if ((len + p->p_end - p->p_path + 1) > MAXPATHLEN) {
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"%s: %s/%s: name too long.\n", pname, p->p_path, name);
exit_val = 1;
return(0);
}
/*
* This code should always be executed, since paths shouldn't
* end in '/'.
*/
if (p->p_end[-1] != '/') {
*p->p_end++ = '/';
*p->p_end = 0;
}
(void)strncat(p->p_end, name, len);
p->p_end += len;
*p->p_end = 0;
STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p);
return(old);
}
/*
* Restore path to previous value. (As returned by path_append.)
*/
path_restore(p, old)
PATH_T *p;
char *old;
{
p->p_end = old;
*p->p_end = 0;
}
/*
* Return basename of path. (Like basename(1).)
*/
char *
path_basename(p)
PATH_T *p;
{
char *basename;
basename = rindex(p->p_path, '/');
return(basename ? ++basename : p->p_path);
}
usage()
{
(void)fprintf(stderr,
"usage: cp [-Rfhip] src target;\n or: cp [-Rfhip] src1 ... srcN directory\n");
exit(1);
}