4.3BSD/usr/src/etc/bad144.c
/*
* Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.
* All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement
* specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
*/
#ifndef lint
char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California.\n\
All rights reserved.\n";
#endif not lint
#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)bad144.c 5.4 (Berkeley) 3/20/86";
#endif not lint
/*
* bad144
*
* This program prints and/or initializes a bad block record for a pack,
* in the format used by the DEC standard 144.
* It can also add bad sector(s) to the record, moving the sector
* replacements as necessary.
*
* It is preferable to write the bad information with a standard formatter,
* but this program will do.
*
* RP06 sectors are marked as bad by inverting the format bit in the
* header; on other drives the valid-sector bit is cleared.
*/
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/dkbad.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <machine/dkio.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <disktab.h>
#define RETRIES 10 /* number of retries on reading old sectors */
int fflag, add, copy, verbose, nflag;
int compare();
struct dkbad dkbad, oldbad;
daddr_t size, getold(), badsn();
struct disktab *dp;
char name[BUFSIZ];
char *malloc();
off_t lseek();
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
register struct bt_bad *bt;
daddr_t sn, bn[126];
int i, f, nbad, new, bad, errs;
argc--, argv++;
while (argc > 0 && **argv == '-') {
(*argv)++;
while (**argv) {
switch (**argv) {
case 'f':
fflag++;
break;
case 'a':
add++;
break;
case 'c':
copy++;
break;
case 'v':
verbose++;
break;
case 'n':
nflag++;
verbose++;
break;
}
(*argv)++;
}
argc--, argv++;
}
if (argc < 2) {
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: bad144 [ -f ] type disk [ snum [ bn ... ] ]\n");
fprintf(stderr,
"to read or overwrite bad-sector table, e.g.: bad144 rk07 hk0\n");
fprintf(stderr,
"or bad144 -a [ -f ] [ -c ] type disk bn ...\n");
fprintf(stderr, "where options are:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a add new bad sectors to the table\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-f reformat listed sectors as bad\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-c copy original sector to replacement\n");
exit(1);
}
dp = getdiskbyname(argv[0]);
if (dp == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown disk type\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
if (argv[1][0] != '/')
(void)sprintf(name, "/dev/r%sc", argv[1]);
else
(void)strcpy(name, argv[1]);
argc -= 2;
argv += 2;
size = dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks * dp->d_ncylinders;
if (argc == 0) {
f = open(name, O_RDONLY);
if (f < 0)
Perror(name);
sn = getold(f, &dkbad);
printf("bad block information at sector %d in %s:\n",
sn, name);
printf("cartridge serial number: %d(10)\n", dkbad.bt_csn);
switch (dkbad.bt_flag) {
case -1:
printf("alignment cartridge\n");
break;
case 0:
break;
default:
printf("bt_flag=%x(16)?\n", dkbad.bt_flag);
break;
}
bt = dkbad.bt_bad;
for (i = 0; i < 126; i++) {
bad = (bt->bt_cyl<<16) + bt->bt_trksec;
if (bad < 0)
break;
printf("sn=%d, cn=%d, tn=%d, sn=%d\n", badsn(bt),
bt->bt_cyl, bt->bt_trksec>>8, bt->bt_trksec&0xff);
bt++;
}
(void) checkold();
exit(0);
}
f = open(name, (fflag || add)? O_RDWR: O_WRONLY);
if (f < 0)
Perror(name);
if (add) {
/*
* Read in the old badsector table.
* Verify that it makes sense, and the bad sectors
* are in order. Copy the old table to the new one.
*/
(void) getold(f, &oldbad);
i = checkold();
if (verbose)
printf("Had %d bad sectors\n", i);
if (i + argc > 126) {
printf("bad144: not enough room for %d more sectors\n",
argc);
printf("limited to 126 by information format\n");
exit(1);
}
dkbad = oldbad;
} else {
dkbad.bt_csn = atoi(*argv++);
argc--;
dkbad.bt_mbz = 0;
if (argc > 126) {
printf("bad144: too many bad sectors specified\n");
printf("limited to 126 by information format\n");
exit(1);
}
i = 0;
}
errs = 0;
new = argc;
while (argc > 0) {
daddr_t sn = atoi(*argv++);
argc--;
if (sn < 0 || sn >= size) {
printf("%d: out of range [0,%d) for %s\n",
sn, size, dp->d_name);
errs++;
continue;
}
bn[i] = sn;
dkbad.bt_bad[i].bt_cyl = sn / (dp->d_nsectors*dp->d_ntracks);
sn %= (dp->d_nsectors*dp->d_ntracks);
dkbad.bt_bad[i].bt_trksec =
((sn/dp->d_nsectors) << 8) + (sn%dp->d_nsectors);
i++;
}
if (errs)
exit(1);
nbad = i;
while (i < 126) {
dkbad.bt_bad[i].bt_trksec = -1;
dkbad.bt_bad[i].bt_cyl = -1;
i++;
}
if (add) {
/*
* Sort the new bad sectors into the list.
* Then shuffle the replacement sectors so that
* the previous bad sectors get the same replacement data.
*/
qsort((char *)dkbad.bt_bad, nbad, sizeof (struct bt_bad),
compare);
shift(f, nbad, nbad-new);
}
for (i = 0; i < 10 && i < dp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * (size - dp->d_nsectors + i),
L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
if (verbose)
printf("write badsect file at %d\n",
size - dp->d_nsectors + i);
if (nflag == 0 &&
write(f, (caddr_t)&dkbad, sizeof dkbad) != sizeof dkbad) {
char msg[80];
(void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: write bad sector file %d",
i/2);
perror(msg);
}
}
if (fflag)
for (i = nbad - new; i < nbad; i++)
format(f, bn[i]);
exit(0);
}
daddr_t
getold(f, bad)
struct dkbad *bad;
{
register int i;
daddr_t sn;
char msg[80];
for (i = 0; i < 10 && i < dp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
sn = size - dp->d_nsectors + i;
if (lseek(f, sn * dp->d_secsize, L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
if (read(f, (char *)bad, sizeof (*bad)) == sizeof (*bad)) {
if (i > 0)
printf("Using bad-sector file %d\n", i/2);
return(sn);
}
(void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: read bad sector file at sn %d",
sn);
perror(msg);
}
fprintf(stderr,
"bad144: %s: can't read bad block info\n", name);
exit(1);
/*NOTREACHED*/
}
checkold()
{
register int i;
register struct bt_bad *bt;
daddr_t sn, lsn;
int errors = 0, warned = 0;
if (oldbad.bt_flag != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: bad flag in bad-sector table\n",
name);
errors++;
}
if (oldbad.bt_mbz != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: %s: bad magic number\n", name);
errors++;
}
lsn = 0;
bt = oldbad.bt_bad;
for (i = 0; i < 126; i++, bt++) {
if (bt->bt_cyl == -1 && bt->bt_trksec == -1)
break;
if ((bt->bt_cyl >= dp->d_ncylinders) ||
((bt->bt_trksec >> 8) >= dp->d_ntracks) ||
((bt->bt_trksec & 0xff) >= dp->d_nsectors)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"bad144: cyl/trk/sect out of range in existing entry: ");
fprintf(stderr, "sn=%d, cn=%d, tn=%d, sn=%d\n",
badsn(bt), bt->bt_cyl, bt->bt_trksec>>8,
bt->bt_trksec & 0xff);
errors++;
}
sn = (bt->bt_cyl * dp->d_ntracks +
(bt->bt_trksec >> 8)) *
dp->d_nsectors + (bt->bt_trksec & 0xff);
if (sn < lsn && !warned) {
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: bad sector file out of order\n");
errors++;
warned++;
}
lsn = sn;
}
if (errors)
exit(1);
return (i);
}
/*
* Move the bad sector replacements
* to make room for the new bad sectors.
* new is the new number of bad sectors, old is the previous count.
*/
shift(f, new, old)
{
daddr_t repl;
/*
* First replacement is last sector of second-to-last track.
*/
repl = size - dp->d_nsectors - 1;
new--; old--;
while (new >= 0 && new != old) {
if (old < 0 ||
compare(&dkbad.bt_bad[new], &oldbad.bt_bad[old]) > 0) {
/*
* Insert new replacement here-- copy original
* sector if requested and possible,
* otherwise write a zero block.
*/
if (!copy ||
!blkcopy(f, badsn(&dkbad.bt_bad[new]), repl - new))
blkzero(f, repl - new);
} else {
if (blkcopy(f, repl - old, repl - new) == 0)
fprintf(stderr,
"Can't copy replacement sector %d to %d\n",
repl-old, repl-new);
old--;
}
new--;
}
}
char *buf;
/*
* Copy disk sector s1 to s2.
*/
blkcopy(f, s1, s2)
daddr_t s1, s2;
{
register tries, n;
if (buf == (char *)NULL) {
buf = malloc((unsigned)dp->d_secsize);
if (buf == (char *)NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
exit(20);
}
}
if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * s1, L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
for (tries = 0; tries < RETRIES; tries++)
if ((n = read(f, buf, dp->d_secsize)) == dp->d_secsize)
break;
if (n != dp->d_secsize) {
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: can't read sector, %d: ", s1);
if (n < 0)
perror((char *)0);
return(0);
}
if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * s2, L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
if (verbose)
printf("copying %d to %d\n", s1, s2);
if (nflag == 0 && write(f, buf, dp->d_secsize) != dp->d_secsize) {
fprintf(stderr,
"bad144: can't write replacement sector, %d: ", s2);
perror((char *)0);
return(0);
}
return(1);
}
char *zbuf;
blkzero(f, sn)
daddr_t sn;
{
if (zbuf == (char *)NULL) {
zbuf = malloc((unsigned)dp->d_secsize);
if (zbuf == (char *)NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
exit(20);
}
}
if (lseek(f, dp->d_secsize * sn, L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
if (verbose)
printf("zeroing %d\n", sn);
if (nflag == 0 && write(f, zbuf, dp->d_secsize) != dp->d_secsize) {
fprintf(stderr,
"bad144: can't write replacement sector, %d: ", sn);
perror((char *)0);
}
}
compare(b1, b2)
register struct bt_bad *b1, *b2;
{
if (b1->bt_cyl > b2->bt_cyl)
return(1);
if (b1->bt_cyl < b2->bt_cyl)
return(-1);
return (b1->bt_trksec - b2->bt_trksec);
}
daddr_t
badsn(bt)
register struct bt_bad *bt;
{
return ((bt->bt_cyl*dp->d_ntracks + (bt->bt_trksec>>8)) * dp->d_nsectors
+ (bt->bt_trksec&0xff));
}
struct rp06hdr {
short h_cyl;
short h_trksec;
short h_key1;
short h_key2;
char h_data[512];
#define RP06_FMT 010000 /* 1 == 16 bit, 0 == 18 bit */
};
/*
* Most massbus and unibus drives
* have headers of this form
*/
struct hpuphdr {
u_short hpup_cyl;
u_char hpup_sect;
u_char hpup_track;
char hpup_data[512];
#define HPUP_OKSECT 0xc000 /* this normally means sector is good */
#define HPUP_16BIT 0x1000 /* 1 == 16 bit format */
};
int rp06format(), hpupformat();
struct formats {
char *f_name; /* disk name */
int f_bufsize; /* size of sector + header */
int f_bic; /* value to bic in hpup_cyl */
int (*f_routine)(); /* routine for special handling */
} formats[] = {
{ "rp06", sizeof (struct rp06hdr), RP06_FMT, rp06format },
{ "eagle", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
{ "capricorn", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
{ "rm03", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
{ "rm05", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
{ "9300", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
{ "9766", sizeof (struct hpuphdr), HPUP_OKSECT, hpupformat },
{ 0, 0, 0, 0 }
};
/*ARGSUSED*/
hpupformat(fp, dp, blk, buf, count)
struct formats *fp;
struct disktab *dp;
daddr_t blk;
char *buf;
int count;
{
struct hpuphdr *hdr = (struct hpuphdr *)buf;
int sect;
if (count < sizeof(struct hpuphdr)) {
hdr->hpup_cyl = (HPUP_OKSECT | HPUP_16BIT) |
(blk / (dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks));
sect = blk % (dp->d_nsectors * dp->d_ntracks);
hdr->hpup_track = (u_char)(sect / dp->d_nsectors);
hdr->hpup_sect = (u_char)(sect % dp->d_nsectors);
}
return (0);
}
/*ARGSUSED*/
rp06format(fp, dp, blk, buf, count)
struct formats *fp;
struct disktab *dp;
daddr_t blk;
char *buf;
int count;
{
if (count < sizeof(struct rp06hdr)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can't read header on blk %d, can't reformat\n",
blk);
return (-1);
}
return (0);
}
format(fd, blk)
int fd;
daddr_t blk;
{
register struct formats *fp;
static char *buf;
static char bufsize;
int n;
for (fp = formats; fp->f_name; fp++)
if (strcmp(dp->d_name, fp->f_name) == 0)
break;
if (fp->f_name == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: don't know how to format %s disks\n",
dp->d_name);
exit(2);
}
if (buf && bufsize < fp->f_bufsize) {
free(buf);
buf = NULL;
}
if (buf == NULL)
buf = malloc((unsigned)fp->f_bufsize);
if (buf == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: can't allocate sector buffer\n");
exit(3);
}
bufsize = fp->f_bufsize;
/*
* Here we do the actual formatting. All we really
* do is rewrite the sector header and flag the bad sector
* according to the format table description. If a special
* purpose format routine is specified, we allow it to
* process the sector as well.
*/
if (lseek(fd, (long)blk * dp->d_secsize, L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
if (verbose)
printf("format blk %d\n", blk);
if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCHDR, (char *)0) < 0)
Perror("ioctl");
if ((n = read(fd, buf, fp->f_bufsize)) < 0)
bzero(buf, fp->f_bufsize);
if (fp->f_bic) {
struct hpuphdr *xp = (struct hpuphdr *)buf;
xp->hpup_cyl &= ~fp->f_bic;
}
if (fp->f_routine)
if ((*fp->f_routine)(fp, dp, blk, buf, n) != 0)
return;
if (lseek(fd, (long)blk * dp->d_secsize, L_SET) < 0)
Perror("lseek");
if (nflag)
return;
if (ioctl(fd, DKIOCHDR, (char *)0) < 0)
Perror("ioctl");
if (write(fd, buf, fp->f_bufsize) != fp->f_bufsize) {
char msg[80];
(void)sprintf(msg, "bad144: write format %d", blk);
perror(msg);
}
}
Perror(op)
char *op;
{
fprintf(stderr, "bad144: "); perror(op);
exit(4);
}