4.4BSD/usr/src/contrib/mh-6.8/miscellany/multi-media/READ-ME
$Id: READ-ME,v 1.3 1992/10/26 16:57:51 jromine Exp $
[ READ-ME - Wed Oct 21 15:35:57 1992 - multi-media MH for MH 6.7 - /mtr ]
NOTICE
This package is openly available but is NOT in the public domain.
You are allowed and encouraged to take this software and use it for
any lawful purpose. However, as a condition of use, you are required
to "hold harmless" all contributors.
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
granted, provided that this notice be retained unaltered, and that
the name of any contributors shall not be used in advertising or
publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without
specific written prior permission. No contributor makes any
representations about the suitability of this software for any
purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied
warranty.
ALL CONTRIBUTORS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS
SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR THE PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE, AND
NON-INFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY CONTRIBUTOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL,
INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, OR
OTHER TORTUOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE
USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
Following are sources of software for manipulating various MIME content
types. The script support/general/bootmhn.sh (which is run when
you do "make inst-all") will look for these programs and create the
global mhn_defaults file accordingly. Since this script will
look for the programs detailed below, you should do all of the
installation here prior to running "make inst-all". Also, the
programs should be installed in either the MH library area
(e.g., /usr/local/lib/mh/) or in your $PATH.
text/richtext
There are two programs for rendering text/richtext, rt2raw and
richtext.
1. r2raw - a really dumb richtext interpreter
This is found in the MH distribution:
% cd miscellany/multi-media/misc/
% cc -o rt2raw rt2raw.c
and then copy rt2raw to your MH library area.
2. richtext - a termcap-based interpreter
This is found in the MetaMail distribution:
host thumper.bellcore.com
dir pub/nsb/
file mm.tar.Z
mode binary
Now run these commands
% mkdir mm
% cd mm
% uncompress < ../mm.tar.Z | tar xvpf -
% cd richmail
% make richtext
and then copy richtext to your MH library area.
image
There are several programs available for rending images: xv, pbmplus,
and jpeg. To use any of these, you need to be running under the
X window system. When bootmhn.sh runs, it will generate commands
for a monochrome monitor. If you're running on a greyscale or
color monitor, you should change the commands accordingly.
1. xv version 2.11
There may be a more recent version by the time you read this file:
host ftp.cis.upenn.edu
dir pub/
file xv-2.11.tar.Z
mode binary
Read the installation instructions and install the xv binary
somewhere in your $PATH.
2. pbmplus
There may be a more recent version by the time you read this file:
host ftp.uu.net
dir pub/window-sys/X/contrib
file pbmplus10dec91.tar.Z
mode binary
3. JPEG
There may be a more recent version by the time you read this file:
host ftp.uu.net
dir graphics/jpeg/
file jpegsrc.v3.tar.Z
mode binary
Read the installation instructions and install the djpeg binary
somewhere in your $PATH.
audio
This is platform dependent. At present, only detailed information
for the SPARC and the HP 9000/710 is presented.
1. SPARC
The SPARC has a telephone-quality audio-chip and an internal
speaker. If you want to record audio, you'll need to buy a
microphone. For reasons not worth going into, most mic's don't
have enough gain, and you have to put the thing right next to your
lips. However, Isaac Salzman of SMI suggests, and I concur, that
the best mic to get is SONY's ECM-K7. This costs about US$50, but
is well worth it: you can put the mic on your desk and it will
still pick up your voice.
The "native" encoding for the audio-chip is 8-bit u-law sampled at
8000/second . Prior to SunOS 4.1, audio files contained simply the
encoded audio. However, in SunOS 4.1 or later, SMI introduced a
file format containing a header followed by the encoded audio. For
now, we'll use the content type audio/basic to refer to the raw
audio, and the content type audio/x-next to refer to the file
format (NeXT developed the file format and SMI supports a subset of
it). When dealing audio/basic, you simply cat to/from /dev/audio.
When dealing with audio/x-next, you can use the play and record
programs found in the /usr/demo/SOUND/ directory.
In addition, in OpenWindows 3.0 or later, SMI added support for a
compressed u-law encoding based on the CCITT G.721 ADPCM algorithm.
Before audio encoded in this fashion can be heard, it must be
converted back to 8-bit u-law. Conversions to and from the two
encodings can be done with the adpcm_enc and adpcm_dec programs
found in the $OPENWINHOME/bin/xview/ directory.
If you are running something earlier than SunOS 4.1, I suggest that
you immediately get a copy of the raw2audio, play, and record
programs, so you can generate audio files. The source is avilable
in the SunOS 4.1 Demos installation. If you can't find these
programs, then when bootmhn.sh runs, it will just cat directly
to/from /dev/audio.
If you do have the raw2audio, play, and record programs (regardless
of the version of SunOS you're running), then apply some patches:
% (cd /usr/demo/SOUND; patch) < miscellany/multi-media/SPARC/SOUND.diff
% cd /usr/demo/SOUND
% make raw2audio
Be sure to put /usr/demo/SOUND in your $PATH so that bootmhn.sh can
find the programs there. (Alternately, you could copy these
programs to another directory which is in your $PATH.)
You might also consider running /usr/demo/SOUND/x_gaintool, so you
can fiddle with the volume controls whenever you like.
2. HP 9000/710
The HP-Apollo 9000/710 workstation has a telephone-quality audio
chip and an internal speaker. If you want to record audio, you'll
need to buy a microphone. As with the SPARC, just about any
microphone with a standard mini jack will do. Comments in the
preceding section that apply to selections of a microphone for the
SPARC probably also apply here.
The audio programs that may be used with mhn -- player, splayer,
recorder, and srecorder -- are provided by HP in source form in the
directory /usr/audio/examples/. The README file in that directory
documents the various audio utility programs for recording and
playing sounds. Be sure to put /usr/audio/examples in your $PATH
so that bootmhn.sh can find the programs there. (Alternately, you
could copy these programs to another directory which is in your
$PATH.)
Before any of the aforementioned programs can be used, the audio
device files must be created by running
/usr/audio/bin/make_audio_dev, and two daemons must be started:
/usr/etc/ncs/llbd and /usr/audio/bin/Aserver. Refer to Audio(5)
for detailed, step by step instructions on how to do these things.
Alternatively, refer to the HP publication "Audio Users Guide"
(HP order number A1991-90609, November 1991 version).
The audio devices support several "native" encodings that vary as
to which of the audio device files is used: one of
/dev/audio[BEI][ALU], where E=external jack, I=internal speaker,
B=both; A=8-bit ALaw, L=16-bit linear, U=8-bit MuLaw. It is
possible to "cat" a raw audio data file of the appropriate type to
or from one of these devices. For example, a SPARC .au file may be
played by running this command:
cat bark.au >/dev/audioIU
(You must create the audio device files before you can cat anything
to them; again, refer to Audio(5) for information on how to do this.)
There is, as of HP-UX 8.07, no supplied tool a la the SPARC's raw2audio
to add headers to audio data files that describe the audio data
encodings. Rather than looking for headers in the sound data, the
audio tools rely on user-supplied information, such as file
extensions or command line options, to inform the tools about the
types and sampling rates of the audio data.
Audio file names have the form
<file name>[["."<sample rate>]"."<type>]
where
<sample rate> ::= 1#DIGIT"000"/ 1#DIGIT"k"
<type> ::= "u" / "al" / "au" / "wav" / "snd" / "l8" /
"lo8" / "l16"
Mulaw u
Alaw al
Sun au
Microsoft RIFF Waveform wav
Macintosh snd
Linear8 l8
Linear8Offset lo8
Linear16 l16
Examples:
bark.au
bark.8000.au
bark.8k.au
As with the SPARC, the default sample rate is 8000 Hz.
The /usr/audio/bin/audio_demo program may be used to convert
manually among different sound types, as well as to play, to
record, and to edit the sounds. Unfortunately, the audio_demo
program does not accept command line arguments, so it is not quite
as suitable for invocation from mhn as are the player and recorder
programs.
You might also consider running /usr/audio/examples/acontrol, so you
can fiddle with the volume controls whenever you like.