MKPROTO(8) BSD System Manager's Manual MKPROTO(8) NNAAMMEE mmkkpprroottoo - construct a prototype file system SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS mmkkpprroottoo _s_p_e_c_i_a_l _p_r_o_t_o DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN MMkkpprroottoo is used to bootstrap a new file system. First a new file system is created using newfs(8). MMkkpprroottoo is then used to copy files from the old file system into the new file system according to the directions found in the prototype file _p_r_o_t_o. The prototype file contains tokens separated by spaces or new lines. The first tokens comprise the specifi- cation for the root directory. File specifications consist of tokens giving the mode, the user-id, the group id, and the initial contents of the file. The syntax of the contents field depends on the mode. The mode token for a file is a 6 character string. The first character specifies the type of the file. (The characters --bbccdd specify regular, block special, character special and directory files respectively.) The second character of the type is either uu or `--' to specify set-user-id mode or not. The third is gg or `--' for the set-group-id mode. The rest of the mode is a three digit octal number giving the owner, group, and other read, write, execute permissions, see chmod(1). Two decimal number tokens come after the mode; they specify the user and group ID's of the owner of the file. If the file is a regular file, the next token is a pathname whence the contents and size are copied. If the file is a block or character special file, two decimal number to- kens follow which give the major and minor device numbers. If the file is a directory, mmkkpprroottoo makes the entries `.' and `..' and then reads a list of names and (recursively) file specifications for the entries in the directory. The scan is terminated with the token $$. A sample prototype specification follows: d--777 3 1 usr d--777 3 1 sh ---755 3 1 /bin/sh ken d--755 6 1 $ b0 b--644 3 1 0 0 c0 c--644 3 1 0 0 $ $ SSEEEE AALLSSOO fs(5), dir(5), fsck(8), newfs(8) BBUUGGSS There should be some way to specify links. There should be some way to specify bad blocks. MMkkpprroottoo can only be run on virgin file systems. It should be possible to copy files into existent file systems. HHIISSTTOORRYY The mmkkpprroottoo command appeared in 4.2BSD. 4.2 Berkeley Distribution June 6, 1993 1