(Chess) - GNU Chess (EUC) - EUC encoding of runes (MAKEDEV) - create system and device special files (TP) - ISO Transport Protocol (USERFILE) - UUCP pathname permissions file (UTF2) - Universal character set Transformation Format encoding of runes (XNSrouted) - NS Routing Information Protocol daemon (abort) - abnormal termination (abort) - cause abnormal program termination (abs) - integer absolute value function (ac) - display connect time accounting (acc) - ACC LH/DH IMP interface (accept) - accept a connection on a socket (access) - check access permissions of a file or pathname (access) - determine accessibility of a file (acct) - enable or disable process accounting (acct) - execution accounting file (ace) - ACC 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (acos) - arc cosine function (acosh) - inverse hyperbolic cosine function (acucntrl) - turn around tty line between dialin and dialout (ad) - Data Translation A/D converter (adb) - debugger (addbib) - create or extend bibliographic database (addftinfo) - add information to troff font files for use with groff (adduser) - procedure for adding new users (adjtime) - correct the time to allow synchronization of the system clock (adventure) - an exploration game (afmtodit) - create font files for use with groff -Tps (alarm) - execute a subroutine after a specified time (alarm) - set signal timer alarm (aliases) - aliases file for sendmail (alloca) - memory allocator (amd) - automatically mount file systems (amq) - automounter query tool (apply) - apply a command to a set of arguments (apropos) - locate commands by keyword lookup (ar) - archive (library) file format (ar) - create and maintain library archives (arithmetic) - quiz on simple arithmetic (arp) - address resolution display and control (ascii) - octal, hexadecimal and decimal ASCII character sets (asin) - arc sine function (asinh) - inverse hyperbolic sine function (assert) - expression verification macro (at) - schedule execution of commands `at' a given time (atan) - arc tangent function of one variable (atan2) - arc tangent function of two variables (atanh) - inverse hyperbolic tangent function (atc) - air traffic controller game (atexit) - register a function to be called on exit (atof) - convert ASCII string to double (atoi) - convert ASCII string to integer (atol) - convert ASCII string to long integer (atq) - display the at(1) job queue (atrm) - remove jobs spooled by at(1) (autoconf) - diagnostics from autoconfiguration code (autoconf) - diagnostics from the autoconfiguration code (awk) - pattern scanning and processing language (backgammon) - the game of backgammon (badsect) - create files to contain bad sectors (banner) - print large banner on printer (battlestar) - a tropical adventure game (bc) - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language and calculator (bcmp) - compare byte string (bcopy) - copy byte string (bdes) - encrypt/decrypt using the Data Encryption Standard (biff) - be notified if mail arrives and who it is from (bind) - bind a name to a socket (bit) - and, or, xor, not, rshift, lshift bitwise functions (boggle) - word search game (boot) - system bootstrapping procedures (bsearch) - binary search of a sorted table (btree) - btree database access method (bugfiler) - file bug reports in folders automatically (bwtwo) - monochromatic frame buffer (bzero) - write zeroes to a byte string (caesar) - decrypt caesar cyphers (cal) - displays a calendar (calendar) - reminder service (calloc) - allocate clean memory (zero initialized space) (cat) - concatenate and print files (cd) - change working directory (ceil) - smallest integral value not greater than x (cgthree) - 8-bit color frame buffer (chdir) - change default directory (checknr) - check nroff/troff files (chflags) - change file flags (chgrp) - change group (ching) - the book of changes and other cookies (chmod) - change file modes (chmod) - change mode of a file (chown) - change file owner and group (chpass) - add or change user database information (chroot) - change root directory (cksum) - display file checksums and block counts (clnp) - Connectionless-Mode Network Protocol (clock) - determine processor time used (close) - delete a descriptor (clri) - clear i-node (cltp) - ISO Connectionless Transport Protocol (cmp) - compare two files (col) - filter reverse line feeds from input (colcrt) - filter nroff output for CRT previewing (colrm) - remove columns from a file (column) - columnate lists (comm) - select or reject lines common to two files (comsat) - biff server (config) - build system configuration files (confstr) - get string-valued configurable variables (connect) - initiate a connection on a socket (cons) - HP300 console interface (cons) - VAX-11 console interface (core) - memory image file format (cos) - cosine function (cosh) - hyperbolic cosine function (cp) - copy files (crash) - UNIX system failures (creat) - create a new file (cribbage) - the card game cribbage (crl) - VAX 8600 console RL02 interface (cron) - clock daemon (crontab) - chronological services schedule file (crypt) - encode/decode (csh) - a shell (command interpreter) with C-like syntax (css) - DEC IMP-11A LH/DH IMP interface (ct) - C/A/T phototypesetter interface (ct) - CS/80 cartridge tape interface (ctags) - create a tags file (ctermid) - generate terminal pathname (curses) - screen functions with ``optimal'' cursor motion (cut) - select portions of each line of a file (cy) - Cipher/tapemaster magtape interface (daemon) - run in the background (date) - display or set date and time (dbopen) - database access methods (dc) - desk calculator (dca) - HP 98644A communications interface (dcl) - HP 98628A communications link (dcm) - HP 98642A communications multiplexer (dd) - convert and copy a file (ddn) - DDN Standard Mode X.25 IMP interface (de) - DEC DEUNA 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (deroff) - remove nroff, troff, tbl and eqn constructs (devname) - get device name (df) - display free disk space (dh) - DH-11/ DM-11 multiplexer device interface (dhu) - DHU-11 communications multiplexer (diff) - differential file and directory comparator (diff3) - 3-way differential file comparison (dig) - send domain name query packets to name servers (disklabel) - disk pack label (disklabel) - read and write disk pack label (diskpart) - calculate default disk partition sizes (disktab) - disk description file (div) - return quotient and remainder from division (dm) - dungeon master (dmc) - DEC DMC-11/ DMR-11 point-to-point communications device (dmesg) - display the system message buffer (dmf) - DMF-32 terminal multiplexor (dmz) - DMZ-32 terminal multiplexor (dn) - DN-11 autocall unit interface (dr) - Ikon DR-11W interface (drtest) - standalone disk test program (drum) - paging device (du) - display disk usage statistics (dump) - filesystem backup (dumpfs) - dump file system information (dumplfs) - dump file system information (dv) - HP98730 ``DaVinci'' device interface (dz) - DZ-11 multiplexer device interface (ec) - 3Com 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (echo) - write arguments to the standard output (ed) - text editor (edquota) - edit user quotas (en) - Xerox 3 Mb/s Ethernet interface (enp) - CMC 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (environ) - user environment (eqn) - format equations for troff (eqnchar) - special character definitions for eqn (error) - analyze and disperse compiler error messages (ex) - Excelan 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (execve) - execute a file (exit) - perform normal program termination (exit) - terminate process with status (exit) - terminate the calling process (exports) - define remote mount points for NFS mount requests (expr) - evaluate arguments as an expression (fabs) - floating-point absolute value function (false) - return false value (fclose) - close a stream (fcntl) - file control (fdate) - return date and time in an ASCII string (ffs) - find first bit set in a bit string (fgetline) - get a line from a stream (file) - identify file content (find) - walk a file hierarchy (finger) - user information lookup program (fingerd) - remote user information server (fish) - play ``Go Fish'' (fl) - console floppy interface (flock) - apply or remove an advisory lock on an open file (floor) - largest integral value not greater than x (flush) - flush output to a logical unit (fmod) - floating-point remainder function (fmt) - simple text formatter (fnmatch) - match filename or pathname (fold) - fold long lines for finite width output device (fork) - create a copy of this process (fork) - create a new process (format) - how to format disk packs (format) - how to format disks and tapes (fortune) - print a random, hopefully interesting, adage (fpr) - print Fortran file (free) - free up memory allocated with malloc, calloc or realloc (frexp) - convert floating-point number to fractional and integral components (from) - print names of those who have sent mail (fsck) - filesystem consistency check and interactive repair (fsdb) - file system debugger (fsinfo) - co-ordinate site-wide filesystem information (fsplit) - split a multi-routine Fortran file into individual files (fstab) - static information about the filesystems (fstat) - file status (fsync) - synchronize a file's in-core state with that on disk (ftime) - get date and time (ftp) - ARPANET file transfer program (ftpd) - Internet File Transfer Protocol server (fts) - traverse a file hierarchy (gb) - HP98700 ``Gatorbox'' device interface (gcore) - get core images of running process (getbsize) - get user block size (getcwd) - get pathname of current working directory (getdirentries) - get directory entries in a filesystem independent format (getdiskbyname) - get generic disk description by its name (getdtablesize) - get descriptor table size (getenv) - get value of environment variables (getfh) - get file handle (getfsstat) - get list of all mounted filesystems (getgrouplist) - calculate group access list (getgroups) - get group access list (getloadavg) - get system load averages (getlog) - get user's login name (getmntinfo) - get information about mounted file systems (getopt) - get option character from command line argument list (getpagesize) - get system page size (getpass) - get a password (getpeername) - get name of connected peer (getpgrp) - get process group (getpid) - get process id (getpw) - get name from uid (getrusage) - get information about resource utilization (getsockname) - get socket name (getsubopt) - get sub options from an argument (getty) - set terminal mode (gettytab) - terminal configuration data base (getwd) - get working directory pathname (gprof) - display call graph profile data (graph) - draw a graph (grep) - file pattern searcher (grf) - HP graphics frame buffer device interface (grodvi) - convert groff output to TeX dvi format (groff) - front end for the groff document formatting system (grog) - guess options for groff command (grops) - PostScript driver for groff (grotty) - groff driver for typewriter-like devices (group) - format of the group permissions file (groups) - show group memberships (hack) - exploring The Dungeons of Doom (hangman) - the game of hangman (hash) - hash database access method (hdh) - ACC IF-11/HDH IMP interface (head) - display first lines of a file (hexdump) - ascii, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump (hier) - layout of filesystems (hil) - Human Interface Link device driver (hk) - RK6-11/ RK06 and RK07 disk interface (hostname) - host name resolution description (hostname) - set or print name of current host system (hostnm) - get name of current host (hosts) - host name data base (hp) - MASSBUS disk interface (ht) - TM-03/ TE-16, TU-45, TU-77 MASSBUS magtape device interface: (hy) - Network Systems Hyperchannel interface (icheck) - file system storage consistency check (icmp) - Internet Control Message Protocol (id) - return user identity (idp) - Xerox Internet Datagram Protocol (ifconfig) - configure network interface parameters (ik) - Evans and Sutherland Picture System 300 graphics device interface (ik) - Ikonas frame buffer, graphics device interface (il) - Interlan NI1010 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (indent) - indent and format C program source (index) - locate character in string (indxbib) - make inverted index for bibliographic databases (inet) - Internet protocol family (inetd) - internet ``super-server'' (infnan) - signals invalid floating-point operations on a VAX (temporary) (init) - process control initialization (initgroups) - initialize group access list (install) - install binaries (installboot) - installs a boot program in a file system (intro) - introduction to FORTRAN library functions (intro) - introduction to general commands (tools and utilities) (intro) - introduction to special files and hardware support (intro) - introduction to system calls and error numbers (intro) - introduction to system maintenance and operation commands (intro) - introduction to the C libraries (intro) - miscellaneous information pages (ioctl) - control device (ioinit) - change f77 I/O initialization (iostat) - report I/O statistics (ip) - Internet Protocol (isalnum) - alphanumeric character test (isalpha) - alphabetic character test (isascii) - test for ASCII character (isblank) - space or tab character test (iscntrl) - control character test (isdigit) - decimal-digit character test (isgraph) - printing character test (space character exculsive) (islower) - lower-case character test (iso) - ISO protocol family (isprint) - printing character test (space character inclusive) (ispunct) - punctuation character test (isspace) - white-space character test (isupper) - upper-case character test (isxdigit) - hexadecimal-digit character test (ite) - HP Internal Terminal Emulator (ix) - Interlan Np100 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (join) - relational database operator (jot) - print sequential or random data (kdestroy) - destroy Kerberos tickets (kdump) - display kernel trace data (kerberos) - introduction to the Kerberos system (kg) - KL-11/ DL-11W line clock (kgmon) - generate a dump of the operating system's profile buffers (kill) - send a signal to a process (kill) - send signal to a process (kill) - terminate or signal a process (killpg) - send signal to a process group (kinit) - Kerberos login utility (klist) - list currently held Kerberos tickets (kpasswdd) - Kerberos password changing daemon (ksrvtgt) - fetch and store Kerberos ticket-granting-ticket using a service key (kstash) - stash Kerberos key distribution center database master key (ktrace) - enable kernel process tracing (ktrace) - process tracing (kuserok) - Kerberos version of ruserok (kvm) - kernel memory interface (labs) - return the absolute value of a long integer (lam) - laminate files (larn) - exploring the caverns of Larn (last) - indicate last logins of users and ttys (lastcomm) - show last commands executed in reverse order (ld) - link editor (ldexp) - mutliply floating-point number by integral power of 2 (ldiv) - return quotient and remainder from division (le) - AMD 7990 LANCE ethernet interface (le) - HP AMD 7990 LANCE Ethernet interface (learn) - computer aided instruction about UNIX (leave) - remind you when you have to leave (lex) - fast lexical analyzer generator (lex) - generator of lexical analysis programs (link) - make a hard file link (link) - make a link to an existing file (listen) - listen for connections on a socket (lkbib) - search bibliographic databases (ln) - make links (lo) - software loopback network interface (loc) - return the address of an object (locate) - find files (lock) - reserve a terminal (logger) - make entries in the system log (login) - log into the computer (logname) - display user's login name (look) - display lines beginning with a given string (lookbib) - search bibliographic databases (lorder) - list dependencies for object files (lp) - line printer (lpc) - line printer control program (lpd) - line printer spooler daemon (lpq) - spool queue examination program (lpr) - off line print (lprm) - remove jobs from the line printer spooling queue (lptest) - generate lineprinter ripple pattern (ls) - list directory contents (lseek) - reposition read/write file offset (m4) - macro language preprocessor for ratfor(1) and pascal(1) (madvise) - give advise about use of memory (mail) - send and receive mail (mailaddr) - mail addressing description (make) - maintain program dependencies (make) - maintain program groups (makekey) - make encrypted keys or passwords (makemap) - create database maps for sendmail (malloc) - general memory allocation function (man) - (deprecated) macros to typeset manual (man) - display the on-line manual pages (map3270) - database for mapping ascii keystrokes into IBM 3270 keys (math) - introduction to mathematical library functions (mdoc) - quick reference guide for the -mdoc macro package (me) - macros for formatting papers (memccpy) - copy string until character found (memchr) - locate byte in byte string (memcmp) - compare byte string (memcpy) - copy byte string (memmove) - copy byte string (memset) - write a byte to byte string (mesg) - display (do not display) messages from other users (mille) - play Mille Bournes (mincore) - get advise about use of memory (mkdep) - construct Makefile dependency list (mkdir) - make a directory file (mkdir) - make directories (mkfifo) - make a fifo file (mkfifo) - make fifos (mklocale) - make LC_CTYPE locale files (mknod) - build special file (mknod) - make a special file node (mkproto) - construct a prototype file system (mkstr) - create an error message file by massaging C source (mktemp) - make temporary file name (unique) (mm) - groff mm macros (mmap) - map files or devices into memory (modf) - extract signed integral and fractional values from floating-point number (monop) - Monopoly game (more) - file perusal filter for crt viewing (mountd) - service remote NFS mount requests (mprotect) - control the protection of pages (ms) - text formatting macros (mset) - retrieve ASCII to IBM 3270 keyboard map (msgs) - system messages and junk mail program (msync) - synchronize a mapped region (mt) - TM78/ TU-78 MASSBUS magtape interface (mt) - magnetic tape manipulating program (mtio) - UNIX magtape interface (mtree) - map a directory hierarchy (munmap) - remove a mapping (mv) - move files (named) - Internet domain name server (ncheck) - generate names from i-numbers (netgroup) - defines network groups (netstat) - show network status (networking) - introduction to networking facilities (networks) - network name data base (newaliases) - rebuild the data base for the mail aliases file (newlfs) - construct a new LFS file system (nfsd) - remote NFS server (nfsiod) - local NFS asynchronous I/O server (nfsstat) - display NFS statistics (nfssvc) - NFS services (nice) - execute a command at a low scheduling priority (nice) - set program scheduling priority (nlist) - retrieve symbol table name list from an executable file (nm) - display name list (symbol table) (nohup) - invoke a command immune to hangups (nologin) - politely refuse a login (np) - Interlan Np100 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (nroff) - emulate nroff command with groff (nroff) - text formatting (ns) - Xerox Network Systems(tm) protocol family (nsip) - software network interface encapsulating NS packets in IP packets (nslookup) - query Internet name servers interactively (null) - the null device (number) - convert Arabic numerals to English (od) - octal, decimal, hex, ascii dump (open) - open or create a file for reading or writing (openprom) - OPENPROM and EEPROM interface (operator) - C operator precedence and order of evaluation (pac) - printer/plotter accounting information (pagesize) - print system page size (passwd) - format of the password file (passwd) - modify a user's password (paste) - merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files (pause) - stop until signal (pax) - read and write file archives and copy directory hierarchies (pcl) - DEC CSS PCL-11 B Network Interface (pfbtops) - translate a PostScript font in .pfb format to ASCII (phantasia) - an interterminal fantasy game (phones) - remote host phone number data base (pic) - compile pictures for troff or TeX (pig) - eformatray inputway asway Igpay Atinlay (ping) - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts (pipe) - create descriptor pair for interprocess communication (plot) - graphics filters (plot) - graphics interface (pom) - display the phase of the moon (portmap) - DARPA port to RPC program number mapper (ppi) - HP-IB printer/plotter interface (pr) - Print files. (pr) - print files (printcap) - printer capability data base (printf) - formatted output (profil) - control process profiling (protocols) - protocol name data base (ps) - Evans and Sutherland Picture System 2 graphics device interface (ps) - process status (psbb) - extract bounding box from PostScript document (pstat) - display system data structures (ptrace) - process trace (ptx) - permuted index (pty) - pseudo terminal driver (pwcache) - cache password and group entries (pwd) - return working directory name (qe) - DEC DEQNA Q-bus 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface (qsort) - quick sort (quiz) - random knowledge tests (quot) - display total block usage per user for a file (quota) - display disk usage and limits (quotacheck) - filesystem quota consistency checker (quotactl) - manipulate filesystem quotas (radixsort) - radix sort (rain) - animated raindrops display (raise) - send a signal to the current process (ranlib) - archive (library) table-of-contents format (ranlib) - table-of-contents for archive libraries (rb) - HP98720 ``Renaissance'' device interface (rbootd) - HP remote boot server (rc) - command script for auto-reboot and daemons (rcp) - remote file copy (rd) - CS/80 disk interface (rdist) - remote file distribution program (readlink) - read value of a symbolic link (realloc) - reallocation of memory function (reboot) - UNIX bootstrapping procedures (reboot) - reboot system or halt processor (recno) - record number database access method (refer) - find and insert literature references in documents (refer) - preprocess bibliographic references for groff (register) - register with Kerberos (registerd) - Kerberos registration daemon (remote) - remote host description file (remove) - remove directory entry (rename) - change the name of a file (rename) - rename a file (renice) - alter priority of running processes (repquota) - summarize quotas for a file system (resolver) - resolver configuration file (restore) - restore files or file systems from backups made with dump (rev) - reverse lines of a file (revoke) - revoke file access (rexec) - return stream to a remote command (rexecd) - remote execution server (rhost) - look up host names using domain server (rindex) - locate character in string (rint) - and round-to-closest integer functions (rlogin) - remote login (rlogind) - remote login server (rm) - remove directory entries (rmail) - handle remote mail received via uucp (rmdir) - remove a directory file (rmdir) - remove directories (rmt) - remote magtape protocol module (robots) - fight off villainous robots (roffbib) - run off bibliographic database (rogue) - exploring The Dungeons of Doom (route) - kernel packet forwarding database (route) - manually manipulate the routing tables (Interim) (routed) - network routing daemon (rs) - reshape a data array (rsh) - remote shell (rshd) - remote shell server (ruptime) - show host status of local machines (rwho) - who is logged in on local machines (rwhod) - system status server (rx) - DEC RX02 floppy disk interface (sail) - multi-user wooden ships and iron men (savecore) - save a core dump of the operating system (sccs) - front end for the SCCS subsystem (script) - make typescript of terminal session (scsiformat) - format SCSI disks and show SCSI parameters (sed) - stream editor (sed) - stream editor. (select) - synchronous I/O multiplexing (sendbug) - mail a system bug report to 4bsd-bugs (sendmail) - send mail over the internet (services) - service name data base (setgroups) - set group access list (setregid) - set real and effective group ID (setreuid) - set real and effective user ID's (setsid) - create session and set process group ID (sh) - command interpreter (shell) (sh) - shell command interpreter (shar) - create a shell archive of files (shells) - shell database (showmount) - show remote nfs mounts on host (shutdown) - close down the system at a given time (shutdown) - shut down part of a full-duplex connection (sigaction) - software signal facilities (sigaltstack) - set and/or get signal stack context (sigblock) - block signals (siginterrupt) - allow signals to interrupt system calls (signal) - change the action for a signal (signal) - simplified software signal facilities (sigpause) - atomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt (sigpending) - get pending signals (sigprocmask) - manipulate current signal mask (sigreturn) - return from signal (sigsetmask) - set current signal mask (sigstack) - set and/or get signal stack context (sigsuspend) - atomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt (sigvec) - software signal facilities (sin) - sine function (sinh) - hyperbolic sine function (size) - display object file segment sizes (text, data and bss) (slattach) - attach serial lines as network interfaces (sleep) - suspend execution for an interval (sleep) - suspend execution for an interval of time (sleep) - suspend process execution for interval of seconds (sliplogin) - attach a serial line network interface (socket) - create an endpoint for communication (socketpair) - create a pair of connected sockets (soelim) - eliminate .so's from nroff input (sort) - sort or merge text files (sortbib) - sort bibliographic database (spline) - interpolate smooth curve (split) - split a file into pieces (spp) - Xerox Sequenced Packet Protocol (stab) - symbol table types (startslip) - dial up and login to a slip server (statfs) - get file system statistics (stdarg) - variable argument lists (stdio) - standard input/output library functions (sticky) - sticky text and append-only directories (strcasecmp) - compare strings, ignoring case (strcat) - concatenate strings (strchr) - locate character in string (strcmp) - compare strings (strcoll) - compare strings according to current collation (strcpy) - copy strings (strcspn) - span the complement of a string (strdup) - save a copy of a string (strftime) - format date and time (strings) - find printable strings in a file (strip) - remove unnecessary information from executable files (strlen) - find length of string (strmode) - convert inode status information into a symbolic string (strpbrk) - locate multiple characters in string (strrchr) - locate character in string (strsep) - separate strings (strspn) - span a string (strstr) - locate a substring in a string (strtod) - convert ASCII string to double (struct) - structure Fortran programs (strxfrm) - transform a string under locale (stty) - set the options for a terminal device interface (style) - analyze surface characteristics of a document (su) - substitute user identity (sum) - calculate file checksums and block counts (swab) - swap adjacent bytes (swapon) - add a swap device for interleaved paging/swapping (swapon) - specify additional device for paging and swapping (symlink) - make symbolic link to a file (symlink) - symbolic link handling (symorder) - rearrange name list (sync) - force completion of pending disk writes (flush cache) (sync) - synchronize disk block in-core status with that on disk (sysconf) - get configurable system variables (sysctl) - get or set kernel state (sysctl) - get or set system information (syslogd) - log systems messages (systat) - display system statistics on a crt (system) - execute a UNIX command (system) - pass a command to the shell (tail) - display the last part of a file (talk) - talk to another user (talkd) - remote user communication server (tan) - tangent function (tanh) - hyperbolic tangent function (tar) - tape archive file format (tar) - tape archiver (tb) - line discipline for digitizing devices (tbl) - format tables for nroff or troff (tbl) - format tables for troff (tc) - HP98544 98550 ``Topcat'' and ``Catseye'' device interface (tcgetpgrp) - get foreground process group ID (tcopy) - copy and/or verify mag tapes (tcp) - Internet Transmission Control Protocol (tcsetpgrp) - set foreground process group ID (tee) - pipe fitting (telnet) - user interface to the TELNET protocol (telnetd) - DARPA TELNET protocol server (term) - conventional names for terminals (termcap) - terminal capability data base (termios) - general terminal line discipline (test) - Condition evaluation utility. (test) - condition evaluation utility (tetris) - the game of tetris (tfmtodit) - create font files for use with groff -Tdvi (tftp) - trivial file transfer program (tftpd) - Internet Trivial File Transfer Protocol server (time) - get time of day (time) - time command execution (timed) - time server daemon (timedc) - timed control program (times) - process times (timezone) - return the timezone abbreviation (tm) - TM-11/ TE-10 magtape device interface (tmscp) - DEC TMSCP magtape interface (tn3270) - full-screen remote login to IBM VM/CMS (toascii) - convert a byte to 7-bit ASCII (tolower) - upper case to lower case letter conversion (touch) - change file access and modification times (toupper) - lower case to upper case letter conversion (tput) - terminal capability interface (tr) - translate characters (traceroute) - print the route packets take to network host (traper) - trap arithmetic errors (trapov) - trap and repair floating point overflow (trek) - trekkie game (troff) - format documents (trpt) - transliterate protocol trace (trsp) - transliterate sequenced packet protocol trace (true) - return true value (ts) - TS-11 magtape interface (tset) - terminal initialization (tsort) - topological sort of a directed graph (tty) - general terminal interface (tty) - return user's terminal name (ttys) - terminal initialization information (tu) - VAX-11/730 and VAX-11/750 TU58 console cassette interface (tunefs) - tune up an existing file system (types) - system data types (tzfile) - time zone information (ualarm) - schedule signal after specified time (uda) - UDA50 disk controller interface (udp) - Internet User Datagram Protocol (ul) - do underlining (umask) - set file creation mode mask (uname) - display information about the system (ungetc) - un-get character from input stream (unifdef) - remove ifdef'ed lines (uniq) - report or filter out repeated lines in a file (units) - conversion program (unix) - UNIX-domain protocol family (unlink) - remove a directory entry (unlink) - remove directory entry (unvis) - revert a visual representation of data back to original form (up) - unibus storage module controller/drives (update) - flush internal filesystem caches to disk frequently (uptime) - show how long system has been running (users) - list current users (usleep) - suspend execution for interval of microseconds (ut) - UNIBUS TU45 tri-density tape drive interface (utime) - set file times (utimes) - set file access and modification times (uu) - TU58/ DECtape II UNIBUS cassette interface (uuclean) - uucp spool directory clean-up (uucp) - unix to unix copy (uuencode) - format of an encoded uuencode file (uulog) - display UUCP log entries (uuname) - list names of UUCP hosts (uupoll) - poll a remote UUCP site (uuq) - examine or manipulate the uucp queue (uusend) - send a file to a remote host (uusnap) - show snapshot of the UUCP system (uux) - unix to unix command execution (uuxqt) - UUCP execution file interpreter (va) - Benson-Varian interface (vacation) - return ``I am not here'' indication (valloc) - aligned memory allocation function (vd) - VERSAbus storage module controller/drives (vfork) - spawn new process in a virtual memory efficient way (vgrind) - grind nice listings of programs (vgrindefs) - language definition data base for vgrind(1) (vipw) - edit the password file (vis) - display non-printable characters in a visual format (vis) - visually encode characters (vlimit) - control maximum system resource consumption (vmstat) - report virtual memory statistics (vp) - Versatec interface (vtimes) - get information about resource utilization (vv) - Proteon proNET 10 Megabit ring (vx) - communications multiplexor (w) - who present users are and what they are doing (wait) - await process completion (wait) - wait for a process to terminate (wall) - write a message to users (wc) - word, line, and byte count (what) - show what versions of object modules were used to construct a file (whatis) - describe what a command is (whereis) - locate programs (which) - locate a program file including aliases and paths (who) - display who is logged in (whoami) - display effective user id (whois) - Internet user name directory service (window) - window environment (worm) - play the growing worm game (worms) - animate worms on a display terminal (write) - send a message to another user (wump) - hunt the wumpus in an underground cave (xargs) - construct argument list(s) and execute utility (xneko) - cat-and-mouse chase in an X window (xroach) - cockroaches hide under your windows (xstr) - extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings (yacc) - an LALR(1) parser generator (yacc) - yet another compiler-compiler (yes) - be repetitively affirmative (yyfix) - extract tables from y.tab.c (zopen) - compressed stream open function CP, remote (cons) - Tahoe console interface accton (sa) - system accounting addr, link_ntoa (link) - elementary address specification routines for link level access addr, ns_ntoa (ns) - Xerox NS(tm) address conversion routines aliases (L) - UUCP hostname alias file alloc, bit_clear, bit_decl, bit_ffs, bit_nclear, bit_nset, bit_set, bitstr_size, bit_test (bit) - bit-string manipulation macros alphasort (scandir) - scan a directory amd-map (mk) - create database maps for Amd aton, inet_addr, inet_network, inet_ntoa, inet_makeaddr, inet_lnaof, inet_netof (inet) - Internet address manipulation routines bcopy, bzero, memccpy, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset (bcmp) - byte string operations cabs (hypot) - euclidean distance and complex absolute value functions canonicalize_principal, acl_check, acl_exact_match, acl_add, acl_delete, acl_initialize (acl) - access control list routines cfscores (canfield) - the solitaire card game canfield cfsetispeed, cfgetospeed, cfsetospeed, cfsetspeed, cfmakeraw, tcgetattr, tcsetattr (cfgetispeed) - manipulating the termios structure cgetset, cgetmatch, cgetcap, cgetnum, cgetstr, cgetustr, cgetfirst, cgetnext, cgetclose (cgetent) - capability database access routines char (groff) - groff character names cleanerd (lfs) - garbage collect a log-structured file system cmds (L) - UUCP remote command permissions file comp, re_exec (re) - regular expression handler conf (dm) - dm configuration file conf (man) - configuration file for man(1) conf (syslog) - syslogd(8) configuration file ctime, difftime, gmtime, localtime, mktime (asctime) - transform binary date and time value to ASCII ctime, ltime, gmtime (time) - return system time cu (tip) - connect to a remote system destroy (kdb) - destroy Kerberos key distribution center database devices (L) - UUCP device description file dialcodes (L) - UUCP phone number index file dirent (dir) - directory file format dirname (basename) - return filename or directory portion of pathname drand, irand (rand) - return random values drandm, irandm (random) - better random number generator drem, finite, logb, scalb (copysign) - IEEE 754 floating point support dtime (etime) - return elapsed execution time dumpdates (dump) - incremental dump format dup2 (dup) - duplicate an existing file descriptor edit (ex) - text editor edit (kdb) - Kerberos key distribution center database editing utility env (printenv) - print out the environment, set and print environment erfc (erf) - error function operators etext, edata (end) - end boundaries of image segments execlp, execle, exect, execv, execvp (execl) - execute a file explain (diction) - print wordy sentences; thesaurus for diction expm1, log, log10, log1p, pow (exp) - exponential, logarithm, power functions fasthalt (fastboot) - reboot/halt the system without checking the disks fchdir (chdir) - change current working directory fchflags (chflags) - set file flags fchmod (chmod) - change mode of file fchown (chown) - change owner and group of a file fcvt, gcvt (ecvt) - output conversion fdesc (mount) - mount the file-descriptor file system fdopen, freopen (fopen) - stream open functions feof, ferror, fileno (clearerr) - check and reset stream status fgetc (getc) - get a character from a logical unit flmax, ffrac, dflmin, dflmax, dffrac, inmax (flmin) - return extreme values fmout, gcd, invert, itom m_in, m_out, madd, mcmp, mdiv, min, mout, move, msqrt, msub, mult, omin, omout, pow, rpow, sdiv, (fmin) - multiple precision integer arithmetic font (groff) - format of groff device and font description files format (re) - POSIX 1003.2 regular expressions fpathconf (pathconf) - get configurable pathname variables fpecnt (trpfpe) - trap and repair floating point faults fprintf, sprintf, snprintf, vprintf, vfprintf, vsprintf, vsnprintf (printf) - formatted output conversion fpurge (fflush) - flush a stream fputc (putc) - write a character to a fortran logical unit free, falloc (malloc) - memory allocator free, realloc, calloc, alloca (malloc) - general memory allocation operations fropen, fwopen (funopen) - open a stream fscanf, sscanf, vscanf, vsscanf, vfscanf (scanf) - input format conversion fseek, fsetpos, ftell, rewind (fgetpos) - reposition a stream ftell (fseek) - reposition a file on a logical unit ftruncate (truncate) - truncate a file to a specified length functions (bessel) - of two kinds for integer orders fwrite (fread) - binary stream input/output gamma (lgamma) - log gamma function, gamma function gerror, ierrno (perror) - get system error messages getc, getchar, getw (fgetc) - get next character or word from input stream getegid (getgid) - get group process identification geterr (kvm) - get error message on kvm descriptor geteuid (getuid) - get user identification getfiles (kvm) - survey open files getfsspec, getfsfile, setfsent, endfsent (getfsent) - get file system descriptor file entry getgid (getuid) - get user or group ID of the caller getgrnam, getgrgid, setgroupent, setgrent, endgrent (getgrent) - group database operations gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent, herror (gethostbyname) - get network host entry getloadavg (kvm) - get error message on kvm descriptor getnetbyaddr, getnetbyname, setnetent, endnetent (getnetent) - get network entry getppid (getpid) - get parent or calling process identification getprocs, kvm_getargv, kvm_getenvv (kvm) - access user process state getprotobynumber, getprotobyname, setprotoent, endprotoent (getprotoent) - get protocol entry getpwnam, getpwuid, setpassent, setpwent, endpwent (getpwent) - password database operations gets (fgets) - get a line from a stream getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent (getservent) - get service entry getttynam, setttyent, endttyent (getttyent) - get ttys file entry globfree (glob) - generate pathnames matching a pattern gtty (stty) - set and get terminal state (defunct) halt (reboot) - stopping and restarting the system heapsort, mergesort (qsort) - sort functions htons, ntohl, ntohs (htonl) - convert values between host and network byte order iargc (getarg) - return command line arguments init (kdb) - initialize Kerberos key distribution center database init, tf_get_pname, tf_get_pinst, tf_get_cred, tf_close (tf) - routines for manipulating a Kerberos ticket file innetgr, setnetgrent, endnetgrent (getnetgrent) - netgroup database operations inode (fs) - format of file system volume is (es) - End System to Intermediate System Routing Protocol isalpha, isascii, isblank, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, toascii tolower, toupper, (isalnum) - character classification macros isatty (ttynam) - find name of a terminal port isatty, ttyslot (ttyname) - get name of associated terminal (tty) from file descriptor isnan (isinf) - test for infinity or not-a-number (NaN) itime (idate) - return date or time in numerical form j1, jn, y0, y1, yn (j0) - bessel functions of first and second kind kerberosIV/krb.conf (etc) - Kerberos configuration file kerberosIV/krb.realms (etc) - host to Kerberos realm translation file kernfs (mount) - mount the /kern file system keypair (make) - generate Kerberos host key pair kmem (mem) - main memory kmem (mem) - memory files kmem, kUmem (mem) - memory files kmem, vmem (mem) - main memory lfind, (lsearch) - linear searching routines lfs (mount) - mount a log-structured file system local (mail) - store mail in a mailbox localeconv (setlocale) - natural language formatting for C lofs (mount) - mount a virtual copy of an existing filesystem sub-tree lookbib (indxbib) - build inverted index for a bibliography, find references in a bibliography lstat, fstat (stat) - get file status mbrrune, mbmb (mbrune) - multibyte rune support for C mbstowcs, mbtowc, wcstombs, wctomb (mblen) - multibyte character support for C mfs (newfs) - construct a new file system mk_req, krb_rd_req, krb_kntoln, krb_set_key, krb_get_cred, krb_mk_priv, krb_rd_priv, krb_mk_safe, krb_rd_safe, krb_mk_err, krb_rd_err, krb_ck_repl (krb) - Kerberos authentication library mkdb (cap) - create capability database mkdb (dev) - create /dev database mkdb (kvm) - create kernel database mkdb (pwd) - generate the password databases monstartup (moncontrol) - control execution profile munlock (mlock) - lock (unlock) physical pages in memory neqn, checkeq (eqn) - typeset mathematics nfs (mount) - mount nfs file systems nlist (kvm) - retrieve symbol table names from a kernel image nroff (troff) - text formatting and typesetting null (mount) - demonstrate the use of a null file system layer open, kvm_openfiles, kvm_close (kvm) - initialize kernel virtual memory access openpl et al. (plot) - f77 library interface to plot (3X) libraries. openpl, erase, label, line, circle, arc, move, cont, point, linemod, space, closepl (plot) - graphics interface out (a) - format of executable binary files out (groff) - groff intermediate output format page (more) - file perusal filter for crt viewing pclose (popen) - process I/O portal (mount) - mount the portal daemon ppt, morse (bcd) - reformat input as punch cards, paper tape or morse code primes (factor) - factor a number, generate primes putc, putchar, putw (fputc) - output a character or word to a stream putenv, setenv, unsetenv (getenv) - environment variable functions puts (fputs) - output a line to a stream query, res_search, res_mkquery, res_send, res_init, dn_comp, dn_expand (res) - resolver routines quotaoff (quotaon) - turn filesystem quotas on and off read, kvm_write (kvm) - read or write kernel virtual memory read_password, des_string_to_key, des_random_key, des_set_key, des_ecb_encrypt, des_cbc_encrypt, des_pcbc_encrypt, des_cbc_cksum, des_quad_cksum, (des) - (new) DES encryption readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir, dirfd (opendir) - directory operations readv (read) - read input realmofhost, krb_get_phost, krb_get_krbhst, krb_get_admhst, krb_get_lrealm (krb) - additional Kerberos utility routines recvfrom, recvmsg (recv) - receive a message from a socket regexec, regerror, regfree (regcomp) - regular-expression library regexec, regsub, regerror (regcomp) - regular expression handlers reload (named) - cause the name server to synchronize its database remque (insque) - insert/remove element from a queue restart (named) - stop and restart the name server rindex, lnblnk, len (index) - tell about character objects rresvport, ruserok (rcmd) - routines for returning a stream to a remote command samples (mdoc) - tutorial sampler for writing BSD manuals with -mdoc sbrk (brk) - change data segment size sendauth, krb_recvauth, krb_net_write, krb_net_read (krb) - Kerberos routines for sending authentication via network stream sockets sendto, sendmsg (send) - send a message from a socket set_tkt_string (krb) - set Kerberos ticket cache file name setbuffer, setlinebuf, setvbuf (setbuf) - stream buffering operations seteuid, setgid, setegid, (setuid) - set user and group ID sethostid (gethostid) - get/set unique identifier of current host sethostname (gethostname) - get/set name of current host setinvalidrune, sgetrune, sputrune (setrunelocale) - rune support for C setitimer (getitimer) - get/set value of interval timer setkey, encrypt, des_setkey, des_cipher (crypt) - DES encryption setlogin (getlogin) - get/set login name setmode (getmode) - modify mode bits setpgrp (setpgid) - set process group setpriority (getpriority) - get/set program scheduling priority setrgid (setruid) - set user and group ID setrlimit (getrlimit) - control maximum system resource consumption setsockopt (getsockopt) - get and set options on sockets settimeofday (gettimeofday) - get/set date and time setusershell, endusershell (getusershell) - get legal user shells short (long) - integer object conversion sigfillset, sigaddset, sigdelset, sigismember (sigemptyset) - manipulate signal sets siglongjmp, setjmp, longjmp, _setjmp, _longjmp longjmperror (sigsetjmp) - non-local jumps snscore (snake) - display chase game spellin, spellout (spell) - find spelling errors sqrt (cbrt) - cube root and square root functions srand (rand) - bad random number generator srandom, initstate, setstate (random) - better random number generator; routines for changing generators srvtab (ext) - extract service key files from Kerberos key distribution center database stdin, stdout, stderr (fd) - file descriptor files strerror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr (perror) - system error messages strncat, strchr, strrchr, strcmp, strncmp, strcasecmp, strncasecmp, strcpy, strncpy, strerror, strlen, strpbrk, strsep, strspn, strcspn, strstr, strtok, index, rindex (strcat) - string specific functions strsep (strtok) - string token operations strtoq (strtol) - convert string value to a long or quad_t integer strtouq (strtoul) - convert a string to an unsigned long or uquad_t strunvis (unvis) - decode a visual representation of characters sys (L) - UUCP remote host description file sys_siglist sys_signame (psignal) - system signal messages syscall (syscall) - indirect system call tcdrain, tcflush, tcflow (tcsendbreak) - line control functions tclose, tread, twrite, trewin, tskipf, tstate (topen) - f77 tape I/O tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs (tgetent) - terminal independent operation routines tmpfile, tmpnam (tempnam) - temporary file routines tzsetwall (tzset) - initialize time conversion information umap (mount) - sample file system layer umount (mount) - mount and dismount file systems uncompact, ccat (compact) - compress and uncompress files, and cat them uncompress, zcat (compress) - compress and expand data unexpand (expand) - expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa unmount (mount) - mount or dismount a filesystem util (kdb) - Kerberos key distribution center database utility uucpd (uucico) - transfer files queued by uucp or uux uudecode (uuencode) - encode/decode a binary file verr, errx, verrx, warn, vwarn, warnx, vwarnx (err) - formatted error messages view (vi) - screen oriented (visual) display editor based on ex vsyslog, openlog, closelog, setlogmask (syslog) - control system log waitpid, wait4, wait3 (wait) - wait for process terminatation writev (write) - write output wtmp, lastlog (utmp) - login records xfer (named) - ancillary agent for inbound zone transfers xget, enroll (xsend) - private encrypted mail