4.4BSD/usr/src/usr.bin/xstr/xstr.1

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.\"     @(#)xstr.1	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
.\"
.Dd June 9, 1993
.Dt XSTR 1
.Os BSD 3
.Sh NAME
.Nm xstr
.Nd "extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings"
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm xstr
.Op Fl c
.Op Fl 
.Op Ar file
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Xstr
maintains a file
.Pa strings
into which strings in component parts of a large program are hashed.
These strings are replaced with references to this common area.
This serves to implement shared constant strings, most useful if they
are also read-only.
.Pp
Available options:
.Bl -tag -width Ds
.It Fl
.Nm Xstr
reads from the standard input.
.It Fl c
.Nm Xstr
will extract the strings from the C source
.Ar file
or the standard input
.Pq Fl ,
replacing
string references by expressions of the form (&xstr[number])
for some number.
An appropriate declaration of
.Nm xstr
is prepended to the file.
The resulting C text is placed in the file
.Pa x.c ,
to then be compiled.
The strings from this file are placed in the
.Pa strings
data base if they are not there already.
Repeated strings and strings which are suffices of existing strings
do not cause changes to the data base.
.El
.Pp
After all components of a large program have been compiled a file
.Pa xs.c
declaring the common
.Nm xstr
space can be created by a command of the form
.Bd -literal -offset indent
xstr
.Ed
.Pp
The file
.Pa xs.c
should then be compiled and loaded with the rest
of the program.
If possible, the array can be made read-only (shared) saving
space and swap overhead.
.Pp
.Nm Xstr
can also be used on a single file.
A command
.Bd -literal -offset indent
xstr name
.Ed
.Pp
creates files
.Pa x.c
and
.Pa xs.c
as before, without using or affecting any
.Pa strings
file in the same directory.
.Pp
It may be useful to run
.Nm xstr
after the C preprocessor if any macro definitions yield strings
or if there is conditional code which contains strings
which may not, in fact, be needed.
An appropriate command sequence for running
.Nm xstr
after the C preprocessor is:
.Pp
.Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
cc \-E name.c | xstr \-c \-
cc \-c x.c
mv x.o name.o
.Ed
.Pp
.Nm Xstr
does not touch the file
.Pa strings
unless new items are added, thus
.Xr make 1
can avoid remaking
.Pa xs.o
unless truly necessary.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /tmp/xsxx* -compact
.It Pa strings
Data base of strings
.It Pa x.c
Massaged C source
.It Pa xs.c
C source for definition of array `xstr'
.It Pa /tmp/xs*
Temp file when `xstr name' doesn't touch
.Pa strings
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr mkstr 1
.Sh BUGS
If a string is a suffix of another string in the data base,
but the shorter string is seen first by
.Nm xstr
both strings will be placed in the data base, when just
placing the longer one there will do.
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
command appeared in
.Bx 3.0 .