4BSD/usr/man/cat8/sa.8

SA(8)               UNIX Programmer's Manual                SA(8)



NAME
     sa, accton - system accounting

SYNOPSIS
     /etc/sa [ -abcdDijkKlnrstuv ] [ file ]

     /etc/accton [ file ]

DESCRIPTION
     With an argument naming an existing _f_i_l_e, _a_c_c_t_o_n causes sys-
     tem accounting information for every process executed to be
     placed at the end of the file.  If no argument is given,
     accounting is turned off.

     _S_a reports on, cleans up, and generally maintains accounting
     files.

     _S_a is able to condense the information in /_u_s_r/_a_d_m/_a_c_c_t into
     a summary file /_u_s_r/_a_d_m/_s_a_v_a_c_c_t which contains a count of
     the number of times each command was called and the time
     resources consumed.  This condensation is desirable because
     on a large system /_u_s_r/_a_d_m/_a_c_c_t can grow by 100 blocks per
     day.  The summary file is normally read before the account-
     ing file, so the reports include all available information.

     If a file name is given as the last argument, that file will
     be treated as the accounting file; /_u_s_r/_a_d_m/_a_c_c_t is the
     default.

     Output fields are labelled: "cpu" for the sum of user+system
     time (in minutes), "re" for real time (also in minutes), "k"
     for cpu-time averaged core usage (in 1k units), "avio" for
     average number of i/o operations per execution.  With
     options fields labelled "tio" for total i/o operations,
     "k*sec" for cpu storage integral (kilo-core seconds), "u"
     and "s" for user and system cpu time alone (both in minutes)
     will sometimes appear.

     There are near a googol of options:

     a    Place all command names containing unprintable charac-
          ters and those used only once under the name
          `***other.'

     b    Sort output by sum of user and system time divided by
          number of calls.  Default sort is by sum of user and
          system times.

     c    Besides total user, system, and real time for each com-
          mand print percentage of total time over all commands.

     d    Sort by average number of disk i/o operations.



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SA(8)               UNIX Programmer's Manual                SA(8)



     D    Print and sort by total number of disk i/o operations.

     i    Don't read in summary file.

     j    Instead of total minutes time for each category, give
          seconds per call.

     k    Sort by cpu-time average memory usage.

     K    Print and sort by cpu-storage integral.

     l    Separate system and user time; normally they are com-
          bined.

     m    Print number of processes and number of CPU minutes for
          each user.

     n    Sort by number of calls.

     r    Reverse order of sort.

     s    Merge accounting file into summary file
          /_u_s_r/_a_d_m/_s_a_v_a_c_c_t when done.

     t    For each command report ratio of real time to the sum
          of user and system times.

     u    Superseding all other flags, print for each command in
          the accounting file the user ID and command name.

     v    If the next character is a digit _n, then type the name
          of each command used _n times or fewer.  Await a reply
          from the terminal; if it begins with `y', add the com-
          mand to the category `**junk**.' This is used to strip
          out garbage.

FILES
     /usr/adm/acct       raw accounting
     /usr/adm/savacct    summary
     /usr/adm/usracct    per-user summary

SEE ALSO
     ac(8), acct(2)

BUGS
     The number of options to this program is absurd.









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