FreeBSD-5.3/sbin/newfs/newfs.c
/*
* Copyright (c) 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Marshall
* Kirk McKusick and Network Associates Laboratories, the Security
* Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under DARPA/SPAWAR
* contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA CHATS
* research program.
*
* Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#if 0
#ifndef lint
static const char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\
The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */
#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
#endif /* not lint */
#endif
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs/newfs.c,v 1.76.2.1 2004/09/28 18:25:48 pjd Exp $");
/*
* newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "newfs.h"
/*
* The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
* Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
* MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
* sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
* DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
*/
#define DFL_FRAGSIZE 2048
#define DFL_BLKSIZE 16384
/*
* Cylinder groups may have up to MAXBLKSPERCG blocks. The actual
* number used depends upon how much information can be stored
* in a cylinder group map which must fit in a single file system
* block. The default is to use as many as possible blocks per group.
*/
#define MAXBLKSPERCG 0x7fffffff /* desired fs_fpg ("infinity") */
/*
* MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
* placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
* block worth of data blocks.
*/
#define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t))
/*
* Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
* We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
* to be far more than we will ever need.
*/
#define NFPI 4
int Lflag; /* add a volume label */
int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */
int Oflag = 2; /* file system format (1 => UFS1, 2 => UFS2) */
int Rflag; /* regression test */
int Uflag; /* enable soft updates for file system */
int Eflag = 0; /* exit in middle of newfs for testing */
int lflag; /* enable multilabel for file system */
quad_t fssize; /* file system size */
int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */
int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */
int bsize = 0; /* block size */
int maxbsize = 0; /* maximum clustering */
int maxblkspercg = MAXBLKSPERCG; /* maximum blocks per cylinder group */
int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */
int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
int maxcontig = 0; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
int avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */
int avgfilesperdir = AFPDIR;/* expected number of files per directory */
u_char *volumelabel = NULL; /* volume label for filesystem */
struct uufsd disk; /* libufs disk structure */
static char device[MAXPATHLEN];
static char *disktype;
static int unlabeled;
static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *s);
static void rewritelabel(char *s, struct disklabel *lp);
static void usage(void);
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct partition *pp;
struct disklabel *lp;
struct partition oldpartition;
struct stat st;
char *cp, *special;
int ch, i;
off_t mediasize;
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
"EL:NO:RS:T:Ua:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:lm:o:s:")) != -1)
switch (ch) {
case 'E':
Eflag++;
break;
case 'L':
volumelabel = optarg;
i = -1;
while (isalnum(volumelabel[++i]));
if (volumelabel[i] != '\0') {
errx(1, "bad volume label. Valid characters are alphanumerics.");
}
if (strlen(volumelabel) >= MAXVOLLEN) {
errx(1, "bad volume label. Length is longer than %d.",
MAXVOLLEN);
}
Lflag = 1;
break;
case 'N':
Nflag = 1;
break;
case 'O':
if ((Oflag = atoi(optarg)) < 1 || Oflag > 2)
errx(1, "%s: bad file system format value",
optarg);
break;
case 'R':
Rflag = 1;
break;
case 'S':
if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad sector size", optarg);
break;
case 'T':
disktype = optarg;
break;
case 'U':
Uflag = 1;
break;
case 'a':
if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks",
optarg);
break;
case 'b':
if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
errx(1, "%s: block size too small, min is %d",
optarg, MINBSIZE);
if (bsize > MAXBSIZE)
errx(1, "%s: block size too large, max is %d",
optarg, MAXBSIZE);
break;
case 'c':
if ((maxblkspercg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad blocks per cylinder group",
optarg);
break;
case 'd':
if ((maxbsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
errx(1, "%s: bad extent block size", optarg);
break;
case 'e':
if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group",
optarg);
break;
case 'f':
if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
break;
case 'g':
if ((avgfilesize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad average file size", optarg);
break;
case 'h':
if ((avgfilesperdir = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad average files per dir", optarg);
break;
case 'i':
if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: bad bytes per inode", optarg);
break;
case 'l':
lflag = 1;
break;
case 'm':
if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
errx(1, "%s: bad free space %%", optarg);
break;
case 'o':
if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
opt = FS_OPTTIME;
else
errx(1,
"%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'",
optarg);
break;
case 's':
errno = 0;
fssize = strtoimax(optarg, NULL, 0);
if (errno != 0)
err(1, "%s: bad file system size", optarg);
break;
case '?':
default:
usage();
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (argc != 1)
usage();
special = argv[0];
cp = strrchr(special, '/');
if (cp == 0) {
/*
* No path prefix; try prefixing _PATH_DEV.
*/
snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
special = device;
}
if (ufs_disk_fillout_blank(&disk, special) == -1 ||
(!Nflag && ufs_disk_write(&disk) == -1)) {
if (disk.d_error != NULL)
errx(1, "%s: %s", special, disk.d_error);
else
err(1, "%s", special);
}
if (fstat(disk.d_fd, &st) < 0)
err(1, "%s", special);
if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR)
errx(1, "%s: not a character-special device", special);
if (sectorsize == 0)
ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, §orsize);
if (sectorsize && !ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize)) {
if (fssize == 0)
fssize = mediasize / sectorsize;
else if (fssize > mediasize / sectorsize)
errx(1, "%s: maximum file system size is %jd",
special, (off_t)(mediasize / sectorsize));
}
pp = NULL;
lp = getdisklabel(special);
if (lp != NULL) {
cp = strchr(special, '\0');
cp--;
if ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))
errx(1, "%s: can't figure out file system partition",
special);
if (isdigit(*cp))
pp = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART];
else
pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
oldpartition = *pp;
if (pp->p_size == 0)
errx(1, "%s: `%c' partition is unavailable",
special, *cp);
if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
errx(1, "%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program",
special, *cp);
if (fssize == 0)
fssize = pp->p_size;
if (fssize > pp->p_size)
errx(1,
"%s: maximum file system size %d", special, pp->p_size);
if (sectorsize == 0)
sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
if (fsize == 0)
fsize = pp->p_fsize;
if (bsize == 0)
bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
}
if (sectorsize <= 0)
errx(1, "%s: no default sector size", special);
if (fsize <= 0)
fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, sectorsize);
if (bsize <= 0)
bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
if (maxbsize == 0)
maxbsize = bsize;
/*
* Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
* that may be allocated sequentially. With file system clustering
* it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum
* transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering.
*/
if (maxcontig == 0)
maxcontig = MAX(1, MAXPHYS / bsize);
if (density == 0)
density = NFPI * fsize;
if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
}
if (maxbpg == 0)
maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
realsectorsize = sectorsize;
if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) { /* XXX */
int secperblk = sectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;
sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
fssize *= secperblk;
if (pp != NULL)
pp->p_size *= secperblk;
}
mkfs(pp, special);
if (!unlabeled) {
if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
pp->p_size /= realsectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;
if (!Nflag && bcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
rewritelabel(special, lp);
}
ufs_disk_close(&disk);
exit(0);
}
struct disklabel *
getdisklabel(char *s)
{
static struct disklabel lab;
struct disklabel *lp;
if (!ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab))
return (&lab);
unlabeled++;
if (disktype) {
lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
if (lp != NULL)
return (lp);
}
return (NULL);
}
void
rewritelabel(char *s, struct disklabel *lp)
{
if (unlabeled)
return;
lp->d_checksum = 0;
lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
if (ioctl(disk.d_fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0)
warn("ioctl (WDINFO): %s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
}
static void
usage()
{
fprintf(stderr,
"usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
getprogname(),
" [device-type]");
fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label to add to superblock\n");
fprintf(stderr,
"\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-O file system format: 1 => UFS1, 2 => UFS2\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-R regression test, supress random factors\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-U enable soft updates\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-c blocks per cylinders group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-d maximum extent size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-h average files per directory\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file systemsize (sectors)\n");
exit(1);
}