FreeBSD-5.3/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c
/*
* Copyright (c) 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001 Kenneth D. Merry
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c,v 1.28 2003/03/15 21:59:06 phk Exp $
*/
/*
* Parts of this program are derived from the original FreeBSD iostat
* program:
*/
/*-
* Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* Ideas for the new iostat statistics output modes taken from the NetBSD
* version of iostat:
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
* by John M. Vinopal.
* 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <nlist.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <devstat.h>
#include <math.h>
struct nlist namelist[] = {
#define X_TK_NIN 0
{ "_tk_nin" },
#define X_TK_NOUT 1
{ "_tk_nout" },
#define X_CP_TIME 2
{ "_cp_time" },
#define X_BOOTTIME 3
{ "_boottime" },
#define X_END 3
{ NULL },
};
struct statinfo cur, last;
int num_devices;
struct device_selection *dev_select;
int maxshowdevs;
volatile sig_atomic_t headercount;
int dflag = 0, Iflag = 0, Cflag = 0, Tflag = 0, oflag = 0, Kflag = 0;
/* local function declarations */
static void usage(void);
static void needhdr(int signo);
static void phdr(void);
static void devstats(int perf_select, long double etime, int havelast);
static void cpustats(void);
static int readvar(kvm_t *kd, const char *name, int nlid, void *ptr,
size_t len);
static void
usage(void)
{
/*
* We also support the following 'traditional' syntax:
* iostat [drives] [wait [count]]
* This isn't mentioned in the man page, or the usage statement,
* but it is supported.
*/
fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdhIKoT?] [-c count] [-M core]"
" [-n devs] [-N system]\n"
"\t [-t type,if,pass] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
register int i;
int tflag = 0, hflag = 0, cflag = 0, wflag = 0, nflag = 0;
int count = 0, waittime = 0;
char *memf = NULL, *nlistf = NULL;
struct devstat_match *matches;
int num_matches = 0;
char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
kvm_t *kd = NULL;
long generation;
int num_devices_specified;
int num_selected, num_selections;
long select_generation;
char **specified_devices;
devstat_select_mode select_mode;
int havelast = 0;
matches = NULL;
maxshowdevs = 3;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:CdhIKM:n:N:ot:Tw:?")) != -1) {
switch(c) {
case 'c':
cflag++;
count = atoi(optarg);
if (count < 1)
errx(1, "count %d is < 1", count);
break;
case 'C':
Cflag++;
break;
case 'd':
dflag++;
break;
case 'h':
hflag++;
break;
case 'I':
Iflag++;
break;
case 'K':
Kflag++;
break;
case 'M':
memf = optarg;
break;
case 'n':
nflag++;
maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
if (maxshowdevs < 0)
errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
maxshowdevs);
break;
case 'N':
nlistf = optarg;
break;
case 'o':
oflag++;
break;
case 't':
tflag++;
if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches,
&num_matches) != 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 'T':
Tflag++;
break;
case 'w':
wflag++;
waittime = atoi(optarg);
if (waittime < 1)
errx(1, "wait time is < 1");
break;
default:
usage();
exit(1);
break;
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL) {
kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
if (kd == NULL)
errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) == -1)
errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
}
/*
* Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the kernel
* devstat version. If not, exit and print a message informing
* the user of his mistake.
*/
if (devstat_checkversion(kd) < 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
/*
* Make sure Tflag and/or Cflag are set if dflag == 0. If dflag is
* greater than 0, they may be 0 or non-zero.
*/
if (dflag == 0) {
Cflag = 1;
Tflag = 1;
}
/*
* Figure out how many devices we should display.
*/
if (nflag == 0) {
if (oflag > 0) {
if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0) && (Tflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 5;
else if ((dflag > 0) && (Tflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 5;
else
maxshowdevs = 4;
} else {
if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 4;
else
maxshowdevs = 3;
}
}
/* find out how many devices we have */
if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(kd)) < 0)
err(1, "can't get number of devices");
cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
if (cur.dinfo == NULL)
err(1, "malloc failed");
last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
if (last.dinfo == NULL)
err(1, "malloc failed");
bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
/*
* Grab all the devices. We don't look to see if the list has
* changed here, since it almost certainly has. We only look for
* errors.
*/
if (devstat_getdevs(kd, &cur) == -1)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
/*
* If the user specified any devices on the command line, see if
* they are in the list of devices we have now.
*/
specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
if (specified_devices == NULL)
err(1, "malloc failed");
for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
if (isdigit(**argv))
break;
num_devices_specified++;
specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
sizeof(char *) *
num_devices_specified);
if (specified_devices == NULL)
err(1, "realloc failed");
specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
}
if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
dev_select = NULL;
if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0))
select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
else
select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
/*
* At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
* device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
* or 1. If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
*/
if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections, &select_generation, generation,
cur.dinfo->devices, num_devices, matches,
num_matches, specified_devices,
num_devices_specified, select_mode, maxshowdevs,
hflag) == -1)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
/*
* Look for the traditional wait time and count arguments.
*/
if (*argv) {
waittime = atoi(*argv);
/* Let the user know he goofed, but keep going anyway */
if (wflag != 0)
warnx("discarding previous wait interval, using"
" %d instead", waittime);
wflag++;
if (*++argv) {
count = atoi(*argv);
if (cflag != 0)
warnx("discarding previous count, using %d"
" instead", count);
cflag++;
} else
count = -1;
}
/*
* If the user specified a count, but not an interval, we default
* to an interval of 1 second.
*/
if ((wflag == 0) && (cflag > 0))
waittime = 1;
/*
* If the user specified a wait time, but not a count, we want to
* go on ad infinitum. This can be redundant if the user uses the
* traditional method of specifying the wait, since in that case we
* already set count = -1 above. Oh well.
*/
if ((wflag > 0) && (cflag == 0))
count = -1;
bzero(&cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
cur.tk_nout = 0;
cur.tk_nin = 0;
/*
* Set the snap time to the system boot time (ie: zero), so the
* stats are calculated since system boot.
*/
cur.snap_time = 0;
/*
* If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
* print out the header again.
*/
(void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
for (headercount = 1;;) {
struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
long tmp;
long double etime;
if (Tflag > 0) {
if ((readvar(kd, "kern.tty_nin", X_TK_NIN, &cur.tk_nin,
sizeof(cur.tk_nin)) != 0)
|| (readvar(kd, "kern.tty_nout", X_TK_NOUT,
&cur.tk_nout, sizeof(cur.tk_nout))!= 0)) {
Tflag = 0;
warnx("disabling TTY statistics");
}
}
if (Cflag > 0) {
if (readvar(kd, "kern.cp_time", X_CP_TIME,
&cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time)) != 0) {
Cflag = 0;
warnx("disabling CPU time statistics");
}
}
if (!--headercount) {
phdr();
headercount = 20;
}
tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
/*
* Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
* devstat_getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
* If the device list has changed, we want to go through
* the selection process again, in case a device that we
* were previously displaying has gone away.
*/
switch (devstat_getdevs(kd, &cur)) {
case -1:
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1: {
int retval;
num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections,
&select_generation,
generation,
cur.dinfo->devices,
num_devices, matches,
num_matches,
specified_devices,
num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs,
hflag);
switch(retval) {
case -1:
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1:
phdr();
headercount = 20;
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
}
default:
break;
}
/*
* We only want to re-select devices if we're in 'top'
* mode. This is the only mode where the devices selected
* could actually change.
*/
if (hflag > 0) {
int retval;
retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections,
&select_generation,
generation,
cur.dinfo->devices,
num_devices, matches,
num_matches,
specified_devices,
num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs,
hflag);
switch(retval) {
case -1:
errx(1,"%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1:
phdr();
headercount = 20;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
if (Tflag > 0) {
tmp = cur.tk_nin;
cur.tk_nin -= last.tk_nin;
last.tk_nin = tmp;
tmp = cur.tk_nout;
cur.tk_nout -= last.tk_nout;
last.tk_nout = tmp;
}
etime = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
if (etime == 0.0)
etime = 1.0;
for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
tmp = cur.cp_time[i];
cur.cp_time[i] -= last.cp_time[i];
last.cp_time[i] = tmp;
}
if (Tflag > 0)
printf("%4.0Lf%5.0Lf", cur.tk_nin / etime,
cur.tk_nout/etime);
devstats(hflag, etime, havelast);
if (Cflag > 0)
cpustats();
printf("\n");
fflush(stdout);
if (count >= 0 && --count <= 0)
break;
sleep(waittime);
havelast = 1;
}
exit(0);
}
/*
* Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
*/
void
needhdr(int signo)
{
headercount = 1;
}
static void
phdr(void)
{
register int i;
int printed;
if (Tflag > 0)
(void)printf(" tty");
for (i = 0, printed=0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
int di;
if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
&& (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
di = dev_select[i].position;
if (oflag > 0)
(void)printf("%12.6s%d ",
cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
else
printf("%15.6s%d ",
cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
printed++;
}
}
if (Cflag > 0)
(void)printf(" cpu\n");
else
(void)printf("\n");
if (Tflag > 0)
(void)printf(" tin tout");
for (i=0, printed = 0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
&& (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
if (oflag > 0) {
if (Iflag == 0)
(void)printf(" sps tps msps ");
else
(void)printf(" blk xfr msps ");
} else {
if (Iflag == 0)
printf(" KB/t tps MB/s ");
else
printf(" KB/t xfrs MB ");
}
printed++;
}
}
if (Cflag > 0)
(void)printf(" us ni sy in id\n");
else
printf("\n");
}
static void
devstats(int perf_select, long double etime, int havelast)
{
register int dn;
long double transfers_per_second;
long double kb_per_transfer, mb_per_second;
u_int64_t total_bytes, total_transfers, total_blocks;
long double total_mb;
long double blocks_per_second, ms_per_transaction;
for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
int di;
if (((perf_select == 0) && (dev_select[dn].selected == 0))
|| (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
continue;
di = dev_select[dn].position;
if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
havelast ? &last.dinfo->devices[di] : NULL, etime,
DSM_TOTAL_BYTES, &total_bytes,
DSM_TOTAL_TRANSFERS, &total_transfers,
DSM_TOTAL_BLOCKS, &total_blocks,
DSM_KB_PER_TRANSFER, &kb_per_transfer,
DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
DSM_MB_PER_SECOND, &mb_per_second,
DSM_BLOCKS_PER_SECOND, &blocks_per_second,
DSM_MS_PER_TRANSACTION, &ms_per_transaction,
DSM_NONE) != 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
if (perf_select != 0) {
dev_select[dn].bytes = total_bytes;
if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
|| (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
continue;
}
if (Kflag) {
int block_size = cur.dinfo->devices[di].block_size;
total_blocks = total_blocks * (block_size ?
block_size : 512) / 1024;
}
if (oflag > 0) {
int msdig = (ms_per_transaction < 100.0) ? 1 : 0;
if (Iflag == 0)
printf("%4.0Lf%4.0Lf%5.*Lf ",
blocks_per_second,
transfers_per_second,
msdig,
ms_per_transaction);
else
printf("%4.1qu%4.1qu%5.*Lf ",
total_blocks,
total_transfers,
msdig,
ms_per_transaction);
} else {
if (Iflag == 0)
printf(" %5.2Lf %3.0Lf %5.2Lf ",
kb_per_transfer,
transfers_per_second,
mb_per_second);
else {
total_mb = total_bytes;
total_mb /= 1024 * 1024;
printf(" %5.2Lf %3.1qu %5.2Lf ",
kb_per_transfer,
total_transfers,
total_mb);
}
}
}
}
static void
cpustats(void)
{
register int state;
double time;
time = 0.0;
for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
time += cur.cp_time[state];
for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
printf(" %2.0f",
rint(100. * cur.cp_time[state] / (time ? time : 1)));
}
static int
readvar(kvm_t *kd, const char *name, int nlid, void *ptr, size_t len)
{
if (kd != NULL) {
ssize_t nbytes;
nbytes = kvm_read(kd, nlid, ptr, len);
if (nbytes == 0) {
warnx("kvm_read(%s): %s", name, kvm_geterr(kd));
return (1);
}
if (nbytes != len) {
warnx("kvm_read(%s): expected %lu bytes, got %ld bytes",
name, (unsigned long)len, (long)nbytes);
return (1);
}
} else {
size_t nlen = len;
if (sysctlbyname(name, ptr, &nlen, NULL, 0) == -1) {
warn("sysctl(%s...) failed", name);
return (1);
}
if (nlen != len) {
warnx("sysctl(%s...): expected %lu, got %lu", name,
(unsigned long)len, (unsigned long)nlen);
return (1);
}
}
return (0);
}