NetBSD-5.0.2/sbin/newfs_udf/newfs_udf.c
/* $NetBSD: newfs_udf.c,v 1.5.4.2 2009/02/18 00:37:00 snj Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2006, 2008 Reinoud Zandijk
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
*/
/*
* TODO
* - implement meta data partition formatting.
* - implement support for a read-only companion partition?
*/
#define _EXPOSE_MMC
#if 0
# define DEBUG
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <util.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/cdio.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/dkio.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/queue.h>
#include <fs/udf/ecma167-udf.h>
#include <fs/udf/udf_mount.h>
#include "mountprog.h"
#include "udf_create.h"
/* general settings */
#define UDF_512_TRACK 0 /* NOT recommended */
#define UDF_META_PERC 20 /* picked */
/* prototypes */
int newfs_udf(int argc, char **argv);
static void usage(void) __attribute__((__noreturn__));
int udf_derive_format(int req_en, int req_dis, int force);
int udf_proces_names(void);
int udf_do_newfs(void);
/* Identifying myself */
#define APP_NAME "*NetBSD newfs"
#define APP_VERSION_MAIN 0
#define APP_VERSION_SUB 3
#define IMPL_NAME "*NetBSD userland UDF"
/* global variables describing disc and format requests */
int fd; /* device: file descriptor */
char *dev; /* device: name */
struct mmc_discinfo mmc_discinfo; /* device: disc info */
char *format_str; /* format: string representation */
int format_flags; /* format: attribute flags */
int media_accesstype; /* derived from current mmc cap */
int check_surface; /* for rewritables */
int wrtrack_skew;
int meta_perc = UDF_META_PERC;
float meta_fract = (float) UDF_META_PERC / 100.0;
/* shared structure between udf_create.c users */
struct udf_create_context context;
struct udf_disclayout layout;
/* queue for temporary storage of sectors to be written out */
struct wrsect {
uint32_t sectornr;
uint8_t *sector_data;
TAILQ_ENTRY(wrsect) next;
};
/* write queue and track blocking skew */
TAILQ_HEAD(wrsect_list, wrsect) write_queue;
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
* write queue implementation
*/
static int
udf_write_sector(void *sector, uint32_t location)
{
struct wrsect *pos, *seekpos;
/* search location */
TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(seekpos, &write_queue, wrsect_list, next) {
if (seekpos->sectornr <= location)
break;
}
if ((seekpos == NULL) || (seekpos->sectornr != location)) {
pos = calloc(1, sizeof(struct wrsect));
if (pos == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
/* allocate space for copy of sector data */
pos->sector_data = calloc(1, context.sector_size);
if (pos->sector_data == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
pos->sectornr = location;
if (seekpos) {
TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&write_queue, seekpos, pos, next);
} else {
TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&write_queue, pos, next);
}
} else {
pos = seekpos;
}
memcpy(pos->sector_data, sector, context.sector_size);
return 0;
}
/*
* Now all write requests are queued in the TAILQ, write them out to the
* disc/file image. Special care needs to be taken for devices that are only
* strict overwritable i.e. only in packet size chunks
*
* XXX support for growing vnd?
*/
static int
writeout_write_queue(void)
{
struct wrsect *pos;
uint64_t offset;
uint32_t line_len, line_offset;
uint32_t line_start, new_line_start, relpos;
uint32_t blockingnr;
uint8_t *linebuf, *adr;
blockingnr = layout.blockingnr;
line_len = blockingnr * context.sector_size;
line_offset = wrtrack_skew * context.sector_size;
linebuf = malloc(line_len);
if (linebuf == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
pos = TAILQ_FIRST(&write_queue);
bzero(linebuf, line_len);
/*
* Always writing out in whole lines now; this is slightly wastefull
* on logical overwrite volumes but it reduces complexity and the loss
* is near zero compared to disc size.
*/
line_start = (pos->sectornr - wrtrack_skew) / blockingnr;
TAILQ_FOREACH(pos, &write_queue, next) {
new_line_start = (pos->sectornr - wrtrack_skew) / blockingnr;
if (new_line_start != line_start) {
/* write out */
offset = (uint64_t) line_start * line_len + line_offset;
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("WRITEOUT %08"PRIu64" + %02d -- "
"[%08"PRIu64"..%08"PRIu64"]\n",
offset / context.sector_size, blockingnr,
offset / context.sector_size,
offset / context.sector_size + blockingnr-1);
#endif
if (pwrite(fd, linebuf, line_len, offset) < 0) {
perror("Writing failed");
return errno;
}
line_start = new_line_start;
bzero(linebuf, line_len);
}
relpos = (pos->sectornr - wrtrack_skew) % blockingnr;
adr = linebuf + relpos * context.sector_size;
memcpy(adr, pos->sector_data, context.sector_size);
}
/* writeout last chunk */
offset = (uint64_t) line_start * line_len + line_offset;
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("WRITEOUT %08"PRIu64" + %02d -- [%08"PRIu64"..%08"PRIu64"]\n",
offset / context.sector_size, blockingnr,
offset / context.sector_size,
offset / context.sector_size + blockingnr-1);
#endif
if (pwrite(fd, linebuf, line_len, offset) < 0) {
perror("Writing failed");
return errno;
}
/* success */
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
* mmc_discinfo and mmc_trackinfo readers modified from origional in udf main
* code in sys/fs/udf/
*/
#ifdef DEBUG
static void
udf_dump_discinfo(struct mmc_discinfo *di)
{
char bits[128];
printf("Device/media info :\n");
printf("\tMMC profile 0x%02x\n", di->mmc_profile);
printf("\tderived class %d\n", di->mmc_class);
printf("\tsector size %d\n", di->sector_size);
printf("\tdisc state %d\n", di->disc_state);
printf("\tlast ses state %d\n", di->last_session_state);
printf("\tbg format state %d\n", di->bg_format_state);
printf("\tfrst track %d\n", di->first_track);
printf("\tfst on last ses %d\n", di->first_track_last_session);
printf("\tlst on last ses %d\n", di->last_track_last_session);
printf("\tlink block penalty %d\n", di->link_block_penalty);
snprintb(bits, sizeof(bits), MMC_DFLAGS_FLAGBITS, (uint64_t) di->disc_flags);
printf("\tdisc flags %s\n", bits);
printf("\tdisc id %x\n", di->disc_id);
printf("\tdisc barcode %"PRIx64"\n", di->disc_barcode);
printf("\tnum sessions %d\n", di->num_sessions);
printf("\tnum tracks %d\n", di->num_tracks);
snprintb(bits, sizeof(bits), MMC_CAP_FLAGBITS, di->mmc_cur);
printf("\tcapabilities cur %s\n", bits);
snprintb(bits, sizeof(bits), MMC_CAP_FLAGBITS, di->mmc_cap);
printf("\tcapabilities cap %s\n", bits);
printf("\n");
printf("\tlast_possible_lba %d\n", di->last_possible_lba);
printf("\n");
}
#else
#define udf_dump_discinfo(a);
#endif
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int
udf_update_discinfo(struct mmc_discinfo *di)
{
struct disklabel disklab;
struct partition *dp;
struct stat st;
int partnr, error;
memset(di, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_discinfo));
/* check if we're on a MMC capable device, i.e. CD/DVD */
error = ioctl(fd, MMCGETDISCINFO, di);
if (error == 0)
return 0;
/*
* disc partition support; note we can't use DIOCGPART in userland so
* get disc label and use the stat info to get the partition number.
*/
if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &disklab) == -1) {
/* failed to get disclabel! */
perror("disklabel");
return errno;
}
/* get disk partition it refers to */
fstat(fd, &st);
partnr = DISKPART(st.st_rdev);
dp = &disklab.d_partitions[partnr];
/* set up a disc info profile for partitions */
di->mmc_profile = 0x01; /* disc type */
di->mmc_class = MMC_CLASS_DISC;
di->disc_state = MMC_STATE_CLOSED;
di->last_session_state = MMC_STATE_CLOSED;
di->bg_format_state = MMC_BGFSTATE_COMPLETED;
di->link_block_penalty = 0;
di->mmc_cur = MMC_CAP_RECORDABLE | MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE |
MMC_CAP_ZEROLINKBLK | MMC_CAP_HW_DEFECTFREE;
di->mmc_cap = di->mmc_cur;
di->disc_flags = MMC_DFLAGS_UNRESTRICTED;
/* TODO problem with last_possible_lba on resizable VND; request */
if (dp->p_size == 0) {
perror("faulty disklabel partition returned, check label\n");
return EIO;
}
di->last_possible_lba = dp->p_size - 1;
di->sector_size = disklab.d_secsize;
di->num_sessions = 1;
di->num_tracks = 1;
di->first_track = 1;
di->first_track_last_session = di->last_track_last_session = 1;
return 0;
}
static int
udf_update_trackinfo(struct mmc_discinfo *di, struct mmc_trackinfo *ti)
{
int error, class;
class = di->mmc_class;
if (class != MMC_CLASS_DISC) {
/* tracknr specified in struct ti */
error = ioctl(fd, MMCGETTRACKINFO, ti);
return error;
}
/* discs partition support */
if (ti->tracknr != 1)
return EIO;
/* create fake ti (TODO check for resized vnds) */
ti->sessionnr = 1;
ti->track_mode = 0; /* XXX */
ti->data_mode = 0; /* XXX */
ti->flags = MMC_TRACKINFO_LRA_VALID | MMC_TRACKINFO_NWA_VALID;
ti->track_start = 0;
ti->packet_size = 1;
/* TODO support for resizable vnd */
ti->track_size = di->last_possible_lba;
ti->next_writable = di->last_possible_lba;
ti->last_recorded = ti->next_writable;
ti->free_blocks = 0;
return 0;
}
static int
udf_setup_writeparams(struct mmc_discinfo *di)
{
struct mmc_writeparams mmc_writeparams;
int error;
if (di->mmc_class == MMC_CLASS_DISC)
return 0;
/*
* only CD burning normally needs setting up, but other disc types
* might need other settings to be made. The MMC framework will set up
* the nessisary recording parameters according to the disc
* characteristics read in. Modifications can be made in the discinfo
* structure passed to change the nature of the disc.
*/
memset(&mmc_writeparams, 0, sizeof(struct mmc_writeparams));
mmc_writeparams.mmc_class = di->mmc_class;
mmc_writeparams.mmc_cur = di->mmc_cur;
/*
* UDF dictates first track to determine track mode for the whole
* disc. [UDF 1.50/6.10.1.1, UDF 1.50/6.10.2.1]
* To prevent problems with a `reserved' track in front we start with
* the 2nd track and if that is not valid, go for the 1st.
*/
mmc_writeparams.tracknr = 2;
mmc_writeparams.data_mode = MMC_DATAMODE_DEFAULT; /* XA disc */
mmc_writeparams.track_mode = MMC_TRACKMODE_DEFAULT; /* data */
error = ioctl(fd, MMCSETUPWRITEPARAMS, &mmc_writeparams);
if (error) {
mmc_writeparams.tracknr = 1;
error = ioctl(fd, MMCSETUPWRITEPARAMS, &mmc_writeparams);
}
return error;
}
static void
udf_synchronise_caches(void)
{
struct mmc_op mmc_op;
bzero(&mmc_op, sizeof(struct mmc_op));
mmc_op.operation = MMC_OP_SYNCHRONISECACHE;
/* this device might not know this ioct, so just be ignorant */
(void) ioctl(fd, MMCOP, &mmc_op);
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int
udf_write_dscr_phys(union dscrptr *dscr, uint32_t location,
uint32_t sects)
{
uint32_t phys, cnt;
uint8_t *bpos;
int error;
dscr->tag.tag_loc = udf_rw32(location);
(void) udf_validate_tag_and_crc_sums(dscr);
for (cnt = 0; cnt < sects; cnt++) {
bpos = (uint8_t *) dscr;
bpos += context.sector_size * cnt;
phys = location + cnt;
error = udf_write_sector(bpos, phys);
if (error)
return error;
}
return 0;
}
static int
udf_write_dscr_virt(union dscrptr *dscr, uint32_t location, uint32_t vpart,
uint32_t sects)
{
struct file_entry *fe;
struct extfile_entry *efe;
struct extattrhdr_desc *extattrhdr;
uint32_t phys, cnt;
uint8_t *bpos;
int error;
extattrhdr = NULL;
if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_FENTRY) {
fe = (struct file_entry *) dscr;
if (udf_rw32(fe->l_ea) > 0)
extattrhdr = (struct extattrhdr_desc *) fe->data;
}
if (udf_rw16(dscr->tag.id) == TAGID_EXTFENTRY) {
efe = (struct extfile_entry *) dscr;
if (udf_rw32(efe->l_ea) > 0)
extattrhdr = (struct extattrhdr_desc *) efe->data;
}
if (extattrhdr) {
extattrhdr->tag.tag_loc = udf_rw32(location);
udf_validate_tag_and_crc_sums((union dscrptr *) extattrhdr);
}
dscr->tag.tag_loc = udf_rw32(location);
udf_validate_tag_and_crc_sums(dscr);
for (cnt = 0; cnt < sects; cnt++) {
bpos = (uint8_t *) dscr;
bpos += context.sector_size * cnt;
/* NOTE linear mapping assumed in the ranges used */
phys = context.vtop_offset[vpart] + location + cnt;
error = udf_write_sector(bpos, phys);
if (error)
return error;
}
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
* udf_derive_format derives the format_flags from the disc's mmc_discinfo.
* The resulting flags uniquely define a disc format. Note there are at least
* 7 distinct format types defined in UDF.
*/
#define UDF_VERSION(a) \
(((a) == 0x100) || ((a) == 0x102) || ((a) == 0x150) || ((a) == 0x200) || \
((a) == 0x201) || ((a) == 0x250) || ((a) == 0x260))
int
udf_derive_format(int req_enable, int req_disable, int force)
{
/* disc writability, formatted, appendable */
if ((mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_RECORDABLE) == 0) {
(void)printf("Can't newfs readonly device\n");
return EROFS;
}
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_SEQUENTIAL) {
/* sequentials need sessions appended */
if (mmc_discinfo.disc_state == MMC_STATE_CLOSED) {
(void)printf("Can't append session to a closed disc\n");
return EROFS;
}
if ((mmc_discinfo.disc_state != MMC_STATE_EMPTY) && !force) {
(void)printf("Disc not empty! Use -F to force "
"initialisation\n");
return EROFS;
}
} else {
/* check if disc (being) formatted or has been started on */
if (mmc_discinfo.disc_state == MMC_STATE_EMPTY) {
(void)printf("Disc is not formatted\n");
return EROFS;
}
}
/* determine UDF format */
format_flags = 0;
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE) {
/* all rewritable media */
format_flags |= FORMAT_REWRITABLE;
if (context.min_udf >= 0x0250) {
/* standard dictates meta as default */
format_flags |= FORMAT_META;
}
if ((mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_HW_DEFECTFREE) == 0) {
/* sparables for defect management */
if (context.min_udf >= 0x150)
format_flags |= FORMAT_SPARABLE;
}
} else {
/* all once recordable media */
format_flags |= FORMAT_WRITEONCE;
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_SEQUENTIAL) {
format_flags |= FORMAT_SEQUENTIAL;
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_PSEUDOOVERWRITE) {
/* logical overwritable */
format_flags |= FORMAT_LOW;
} else {
/* have to use VAT for overwriting */
format_flags |= FORMAT_VAT;
}
} else {
/* rare WORM devices, but BluRay has one, strat4096 */
format_flags |= FORMAT_WORM;
}
}
/* enable/disable requests */
if (req_disable & FORMAT_META) {
format_flags &= ~FORMAT_META;
req_disable &= ~FORMAT_META;
}
if (req_disable || req_enable) {
(void)printf("Internal error\n");
(void)printf("\tunrecognised enable/disable req.\n");
return EIO;
}
if ((format_flags && FORMAT_VAT) && UDF_512_TRACK)
format_flags |= FORMAT_TRACK512;
/* determine partition/media access type */
media_accesstype = UDF_ACCESSTYPE_NOT_SPECIFIED;
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_REWRITABLE) {
media_accesstype = UDF_ACCESSTYPE_OVERWRITABLE;
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_ERASABLE)
media_accesstype = UDF_ACCESSTYPE_REWRITEABLE;
} else {
/* all once recordable media */
media_accesstype = UDF_ACCESSTYPE_WRITE_ONCE;
}
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_PSEUDOOVERWRITE)
media_accesstype = UDF_ACCESSTYPE_PSEUDO_OVERWITE;
/* adjust minimum version limits */
if (format_flags & FORMAT_VAT)
context.min_udf = MAX(context.min_udf, 0x0150);
if (format_flags & FORMAT_SPARABLE)
context.min_udf = MAX(context.min_udf, 0x0150);
if (format_flags & FORMAT_META)
context.min_udf = MAX(context.min_udf, 0x0250);
if (format_flags & FORMAT_LOW)
context.min_udf = MAX(context.min_udf, 0x0260);
/* adjust maximum version limits not to tease or break things */
if (!(format_flags & FORMAT_META) && (context.max_udf > 0x200))
context.max_udf = 0x201;
if ((format_flags & (FORMAT_VAT | FORMAT_SPARABLE)) == 0)
if (context.max_udf <= 0x150)
context.min_udf = 0x102;
/* limit Ecma 167 descriptor if possible/needed */
context.dscrver = 3;
if ((context.min_udf < 0x200) || (context.max_udf < 0x200)) {
context.dscrver = 2;
context.max_udf = 0x150; /* last version < 0x200 */
}
/* is it possible ? */
if (context.min_udf > context.max_udf) {
(void)printf("Initialisation prohibited by specified maximum "
"UDF version 0x%04x. Minimum version required 0x%04x\n",
context.max_udf, context.min_udf);
return EPERM;
}
if (!UDF_VERSION(context.min_udf) || !UDF_VERSION(context.max_udf)) {
printf("Choose UDF version numbers from "
"0x102, 0x150, 0x200, 0x201, 0x250 and 0x260\n");
printf("Default version is 0x201\n");
return EPERM;
}
return 0;
}
#undef UDF_VERSION
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
int
udf_proces_names(void)
{
uint32_t primary_nr;
uint64_t volset_nr;
if (context.logvol_name == NULL)
context.logvol_name = strdup("anonymous");
if (context.primary_name == NULL) {
if (mmc_discinfo.disc_flags & MMC_DFLAGS_DISCIDVALID) {
primary_nr = mmc_discinfo.disc_id;
} else {
primary_nr = (uint32_t) random();
}
context.primary_name = calloc(32, 1);
sprintf(context.primary_name, "%08"PRIx32, primary_nr);
}
if (context.volset_name == NULL) {
if (mmc_discinfo.disc_flags & MMC_DFLAGS_BARCODEVALID) {
volset_nr = mmc_discinfo.disc_barcode;
} else {
volset_nr = (uint32_t) random();
volset_nr |= ((uint64_t) random()) << 32;
}
context.volset_name = calloc(128,1);
sprintf(context.volset_name, "%016"PRIx64, volset_nr);
}
if (context.fileset_name == NULL)
context.fileset_name = strdup("anonymous");
/* check passed/created identifiers */
if (strlen(context.logvol_name) > 128) {
(void)printf("Logical volume name too long\n");
return EINVAL;
}
if (strlen(context.primary_name) > 32) {
(void)printf("Primary volume name too long\n");
return EINVAL;
}
if (strlen(context.volset_name) > 128) {
(void)printf("Volume set name too long\n");
return EINVAL;
}
if (strlen(context.fileset_name) > 32) {
(void)printf("Fileset name too long\n");
return EINVAL;
}
/* signal all OK */
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int
udf_prepare_disc(void)
{
struct mmc_trackinfo ti;
struct mmc_op op;
int tracknr, error;
/* If the last track is damaged, repair it */
ti.tracknr = mmc_discinfo.last_track_last_session;
error = udf_update_trackinfo(&mmc_discinfo, &ti);
if (error)
return error;
if (ti.flags & MMC_TRACKINFO_DAMAGED) {
/*
* Need to repair last track before anything can be done.
* this is an optional command, so ignore its error but report
* warning.
*/
memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
op.operation = MMC_OP_REPAIRTRACK;
op.mmc_profile = mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile;
op.tracknr = ti.tracknr;
error = ioctl(fd, MMCOP, &op);
if (error)
(void)printf("Drive can't explicitly repair last "
"damaged track, but it might autorepair\n");
}
/* last track (if any) might not be damaged now, operations are ok now */
/* setup write parameters from discinfo */
error = udf_setup_writeparams(&mmc_discinfo);
if (error)
return error;
/* if the drive is not sequential, we're done */
if ((mmc_discinfo.mmc_cur & MMC_CAP_SEQUENTIAL) == 0)
return 0;
#ifdef notyet
/* if last track is not the reserved but an empty track, unreserve it */
if (ti.flags & MMC_TRACKINFO_BLANK) {
if (ti.flags & MMC_TRACKINFO_RESERVED == 0) {
memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
op.operation = MMC_OP_UNRESERVETRACK;
op.mmc_profile = mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile;
op.tracknr = ti.tracknr;
error = ioctl(fd, MMCOP, &op);
if (error)
return error;
/* update discinfo since it changed by the operation */
error = udf_update_discinfo(&mmc_discinfo);
if (error)
return error;
}
}
#endif
/* close the last session if its still open */
if (mmc_discinfo.last_session_state == MMC_STATE_INCOMPLETE) {
printf("Closing last open session if present\n");
/* close all associated tracks */
tracknr = mmc_discinfo.first_track_last_session;
while (tracknr <= mmc_discinfo.last_track_last_session) {
ti.tracknr = tracknr;
error = udf_update_trackinfo(&mmc_discinfo, &ti);
if (error)
return error;
printf("\tClosing open track %d\n", tracknr);
memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
op.operation = MMC_OP_CLOSETRACK;
op.mmc_profile = mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile;
op.tracknr = tracknr;
error = ioctl(fd, MMCOP, &op);
if (error)
return error;
tracknr ++;
}
printf("Closing session\n");
memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
op.operation = MMC_OP_CLOSESESSION;
op.mmc_profile = mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile;
op.sessionnr = mmc_discinfo.num_sessions;
error = ioctl(fd, MMCOP, &op);
if (error)
return error;
/* update discinfo since it changed by the operations */
error = udf_update_discinfo(&mmc_discinfo);
if (error)
return error;
}
if (format_flags & FORMAT_TRACK512) {
/* get last track again */
ti.tracknr = mmc_discinfo.last_track_last_session;
error = udf_update_trackinfo(&mmc_discinfo, &ti);
if (error)
return error;
/* Split up the space at 512 for iso cd9660 hooking */
memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
op.operation = MMC_OP_RESERVETRACK_NWA; /* UPTO nwa */
op.mmc_profile = mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile;
op.extent = 512; /* size */
error = ioctl(fd, MMCOP, &op);
if (error)
return error;
}
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int
udf_surface_check(void)
{
uint32_t loc, block_bytes;
uint32_t sector_size, blockingnr, bpos;
uint8_t *buffer;
int error, num_errors;
sector_size = context.sector_size;
blockingnr = layout.blockingnr;
block_bytes = layout.blockingnr * sector_size;
if ((buffer = malloc(block_bytes)) == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
/* set all one to not kill Flash memory? */
for (bpos = 0; bpos < block_bytes; bpos++)
buffer[bpos] = 0x00;
printf("\nChecking disc surface : phase 1 - writing\n");
num_errors = 0;
loc = layout.first_lba;
while (loc <= layout.last_lba) {
/* write blockingnr sectors */
error = pwrite(fd, buffer, block_bytes, loc*sector_size);
printf(" %08d + %d (%02d %%)\r", loc, blockingnr,
(int)((100.0 * loc)/layout.last_lba));
fflush(stdout);
if (error == -1) {
/* block is bad */
printf("BAD block at %08d + %d \n",
loc, layout.blockingnr);
if ((error = udf_register_bad_block(loc)))
return error;
num_errors ++;
}
loc += layout.blockingnr;
}
printf("\nChecking disc surface : phase 2 - reading\n");
num_errors = 0;
loc = layout.first_lba;
while (loc <= layout.last_lba) {
/* read blockingnr sectors */
error = pread(fd, buffer, block_bytes, loc*sector_size);
printf(" %08d + %d (%02d %%)\r", loc, blockingnr,
(int)((100.0 * loc)/layout.last_lba));
fflush(stdout);
if (error == -1) {
/* block is bad */
printf("BAD block at %08d + %d \n",
loc, layout.blockingnr);
if ((error = udf_register_bad_block(loc)))
return error;
num_errors ++;
}
loc += layout.blockingnr;
}
printf("Scan complete : %d bad blocks found\n", num_errors);
free(buffer);
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static int
udf_write_iso9660_vrs(void)
{
struct vrs_desc *iso9660_vrs_desc;
uint32_t pos;
int error, cnt, dpos;
/* create ISO/Ecma-167 identification descriptors */
if ((iso9660_vrs_desc = calloc(1, context.sector_size)) == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
/*
* All UDF formats should have their ISO/Ecma-167 descriptors written
* except when not possible due to track reservation in the case of
* VAT
*/
if ((format_flags & FORMAT_TRACK512) == 0) {
dpos = (2048 + context.sector_size - 1) / context.sector_size;
/* wipe at least 6 times 2048 byte `sectors' */
for (cnt = 0; cnt < 6 *dpos; cnt++) {
pos = layout.iso9660_vrs + cnt;
if ((error = udf_write_sector(iso9660_vrs_desc, pos)))
return error;
}
/* common VRS fields in all written out ISO descriptors */
iso9660_vrs_desc->struct_type = 0;
iso9660_vrs_desc->version = 1;
pos = layout.iso9660_vrs;
/* BEA01, NSR[23], TEA01 */
memcpy(iso9660_vrs_desc->identifier, "BEA01", 5);
if ((error = udf_write_sector(iso9660_vrs_desc, pos)))
return error;
pos += dpos;
if (context.dscrver == 2)
memcpy(iso9660_vrs_desc->identifier, "NSR02", 5);
else
memcpy(iso9660_vrs_desc->identifier, "NSR03", 5);
;
if ((error = udf_write_sector(iso9660_vrs_desc, pos)))
return error;
pos += dpos;
memcpy(iso9660_vrs_desc->identifier, "TEA01", 5);
if ((error = udf_write_sector(iso9660_vrs_desc, pos)))
return error;
}
/* return success */
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
* Main function that creates and writes out disc contents based on the
* format_flags's that uniquely define the type of disc to create.
*/
int
udf_do_newfs(void)
{
union dscrptr *zero_dscr;
union dscrptr *terminator_dscr;
union dscrptr *root_dscr;
union dscrptr *vat_dscr;
union dscrptr *dscr;
struct mmc_trackinfo ti;
uint32_t sparable_blocks;
uint32_t sector_size, blockingnr;
uint32_t cnt, loc, len;
int sectcopy;
int error, integrity_type;
int data_part, metadata_part;
/* init */
sector_size = mmc_discinfo.sector_size;
/* determine span/size */
ti.tracknr = mmc_discinfo.first_track_last_session;
error = udf_update_trackinfo(&mmc_discinfo, &ti);
if (error)
return error;
if (mmc_discinfo.sector_size < context.sector_size) {
fprintf(stderr, "Impossible to format: sectorsize too small\n");
return EIO;
}
context.sector_size = sector_size;
/* determine blockingnr */
blockingnr = ti.packet_size;
if (blockingnr <= 1) {
/* paranoia on blockingnr */
switch (mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile) {
case 0x09 : /* CD-R */
case 0x0a : /* CD-RW */
blockingnr = 32; /* UDF requirement */
break;
case 0x11 : /* DVD-R (DL) */
case 0x1b : /* DVD+R */
case 0x2b : /* DVD+R Dual layer */
case 0x13 : /* DVD-RW restricted overwrite */
case 0x14 : /* DVD-RW sequential */
blockingnr = 16; /* SCSI definition */
break;
case 0x41 : /* BD-R Sequential recording (SRM) */
case 0x51 : /* HD DVD-R */
blockingnr = 32; /* SCSI definition */
break;
default:
break;
}
}
if (blockingnr <= 0) {
printf("Can't fixup blockingnumber for device "
"type %d\n", mmc_discinfo.mmc_profile);
printf("Device is not returning valid blocking"
" number and media type is unknown.\n");
return EINVAL;
}
/* setup sector writeout queue's */
TAILQ_INIT(&write_queue);
wrtrack_skew = ti.track_start % blockingnr;
if (mmc_discinfo.mmc_class == MMC_CLASS_CD) {
/* not too much for CD-RW, still 20MiB */
sparable_blocks = 32;
} else {
/* take a value for DVD*RW mainly, BD is `defect free' */
sparable_blocks = 512;
}
/* get layout */
error = udf_calculate_disc_layout(format_flags, context.min_udf,
wrtrack_skew,
ti.track_start, mmc_discinfo.last_possible_lba,
sector_size, blockingnr, sparable_blocks,
meta_fract);
/* cache partition for we need it often */
data_part = context.data_part;
metadata_part = context.metadata_part;
/* Create sparing table descriptor if applicable */
if (format_flags & FORMAT_SPARABLE) {
if ((error = udf_create_sparing_tabled()))
return error;
if (check_surface) {
if ((error = udf_surface_check()))
return error;
}
}
/* Create a generic terminator descriptor */
terminator_dscr = calloc(1, sector_size);
if (terminator_dscr == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
udf_create_terminator(terminator_dscr, 0);
/*
* Start with wipeout of VRS1 upto start of partition. This allows
* formatting for sequentials with the track reservation and it
* cleans old rubbish on rewritables. For sequentuals without the
* track reservation all is wiped from track start.
*/
if ((zero_dscr = calloc(1, context.sector_size)) == NULL)
return ENOMEM;
loc = (format_flags & FORMAT_TRACK512) ? layout.vds1 : ti.track_start;
for (; loc < layout.part_start_lba; loc++) {
if ((error = udf_write_sector(zero_dscr, loc)))
return error;
}
/* Create anchors */
for (cnt = 0; cnt < 3; cnt++) {
if ((error = udf_create_anchor(cnt)))
return error;
}
/*
* Create the two Volume Descriptor Sets (VDS) each containing the
* following descriptors : primary volume, partition space,
* unallocated space, logical volume, implementation use and the
* terminator
*/
/* start of volume recognision sequence building */
context.vds_seq = 0;
/* Create primary volume descriptor */
if ((error = udf_create_primaryd()))
return error;
/* Create partition descriptor */
if ((error = udf_create_partitiond(context.data_part, media_accesstype)))
return error;
/* Create unallocated space descriptor */
if ((error = udf_create_unalloc_spaced()))
return error;
/* Create logical volume descriptor */
if ((error = udf_create_logical_dscr(format_flags)))
return error;
/* Create implementation use descriptor */
/* TODO input of fields 1,2,3 and passing them */
if ((error = udf_create_impvold(NULL, NULL, NULL)))
return error;
/* write out what we've created so far */
/* writeout iso9660 vrs */
if ((error = udf_write_iso9660_vrs()))
return error;
/* Writeout anchors */
for (cnt = 0; cnt < 3; cnt++) {
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.anchors[cnt];
loc = layout.anchors[cnt];
if ((error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1)))
return error;
/* sequential media has only one anchor */
if (format_flags & FORMAT_SEQUENTIAL)
break;
}
/* write out main and secondary VRS */
for (sectcopy = 1; sectcopy <= 2; sectcopy++) {
loc = (sectcopy == 1) ? layout.vds1 : layout.vds2;
/* primary volume descriptor */
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.primary_vol;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
/* partition descriptor(s) */
for (cnt = 0; cnt < UDF_PARTITIONS; cnt++) {
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.partitions[cnt];
if (dscr) {
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
}
}
/* unallocated space descriptor */
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.unallocated;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
/* logical volume descriptor */
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.logical_vol;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
/* implementation use descriptor */
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.implementation;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
/* terminator descriptor */
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(terminator_dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
}
/* writeout the two sparable table descriptors (if needed) */
if (format_flags & FORMAT_SPARABLE) {
for (sectcopy = 1; sectcopy <= 2; sectcopy++) {
loc = (sectcopy == 1) ? layout.spt_1 : layout.spt_2;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.sparing_table;
len = layout.sparing_table_dscr_lbas;
/* writeout */
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, len);
if (error)
return error;
}
}
/*
* Create unallocated space bitmap descriptor. Sequential recorded
* media report their own free/used space; no free/used space tables
* should be recorded for these.
*/
if ((format_flags & FORMAT_SEQUENTIAL) == 0) {
error = udf_create_space_bitmap(
layout.alloc_bitmap_dscr_size,
layout.part_size_lba,
&context.part_unalloc_bits[data_part]);
if (error)
return error;
/* TODO: freed space bitmap if applicable */
/* mark space allocated for the unallocated space bitmap */
udf_mark_allocated(layout.unalloc_space, data_part,
layout.alloc_bitmap_dscr_size);
}
/*
* Create metadata partition file entries and allocate and init their
* space and free space maps.
*/
if (format_flags & FORMAT_META) {
error = udf_create_space_bitmap(
layout.meta_bitmap_dscr_size,
layout.meta_part_size_lba,
&context.part_unalloc_bits[metadata_part]);
if (error)
return error;
error = udf_create_meta_files();
if (error)
return error;
/* mark space allocated for meta partition and its bitmap */
udf_mark_allocated(layout.meta_file, data_part, 1);
udf_mark_allocated(layout.meta_mirror, data_part, 1);
udf_mark_allocated(layout.meta_bitmap, data_part, 1);
udf_mark_allocated(layout.meta_part_start_lba, data_part,
layout.meta_part_size_lba);
/* mark space allocated for the unallocated space bitmap */
udf_mark_allocated(layout.meta_bitmap_space, data_part,
layout.meta_bitmap_dscr_size);
}
/* create logical volume integrity descriptor */
context.num_files = 0;
context.num_directories = 0;
integrity_type = UDF_INTEGRITY_OPEN;
if ((error = udf_create_lvintd(integrity_type)))
return error;
/* create FSD */
if ((error = udf_create_fsd()))
return error;
udf_mark_allocated(layout.fsd, metadata_part, 1);
/* create root directory */
assert(context.unique_id == 0x10);
context.unique_id = 0;
if ((error = udf_create_new_rootdir(&root_dscr)))
return error;
udf_mark_allocated(layout.rootdir, metadata_part, 1);
/* writeout FSD + rootdir */
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.fileset_desc;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, layout.fsd, metadata_part, 1);
if (error)
return error;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(root_dscr, layout.rootdir, metadata_part, 1);
if (error)
return error;
/* writeout initial open integrity sequence + terminator */
loc = layout.lvis;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.logvol_integrity;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(terminator_dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
/* XXX the place to add more files */
if ((format_flags & FORMAT_SEQUENTIAL) == 0) {
/* update lvint and mark it closed */
udf_update_lvintd(UDF_INTEGRITY_CLOSED);
/* overwrite initial terminator */
loc = layout.lvis+1;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.logvol_integrity;
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc++;
/* mark end of integrity desciptor sequence again */
error = udf_write_dscr_phys(terminator_dscr, loc, 1);
if (error)
return error;
}
/* write out unallocated space bitmap on non sequential media */
if ((format_flags & FORMAT_SEQUENTIAL) == 0) {
/* writeout unallocated space bitmap */
loc = layout.unalloc_space;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) (context.part_unalloc_bits[data_part]);
len = layout.alloc_bitmap_dscr_size;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, loc, data_part, len);
if (error)
return error;
}
if (format_flags & FORMAT_META) {
loc = layout.meta_file;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.meta_file;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, loc, data_part, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc = layout.meta_mirror;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.meta_mirror;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, loc, data_part, 1);
if (error)
return error;
loc = layout.meta_bitmap;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) context.meta_bitmap;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, loc, data_part, 1);
if (error)
return error;
/* writeout unallocated space bitmap */
loc = layout.meta_bitmap_space;
dscr = (union dscrptr *) (context.part_unalloc_bits[metadata_part]);
len = layout.meta_bitmap_dscr_size;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(dscr, loc, data_part, len);
if (error)
return error;
}
/* create a VAT and account for FSD+root */
vat_dscr = NULL;
if (format_flags & FORMAT_VAT) {
/* update lvint to reflect the newest values (no writeout) */
udf_update_lvintd(UDF_INTEGRITY_CLOSED);
error = udf_create_new_VAT(&vat_dscr);
if (error)
return error;
loc = layout.vat;
error = udf_write_dscr_virt(vat_dscr, loc, metadata_part, 1);
if (error)
return error;
}
/* write out sectors */
if ((error = writeout_write_queue()))
return error;
/* done */
return 0;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* version can be specified as 0xabc or a.bc */
static int
parse_udfversion(const char *pos, uint32_t *version) {
int hex = 0;
char c1, c2, c3, c4;
*version = 0;
if (*pos == '0') {
pos++;
/* expect hex format */
hex = 1;
if (*pos++ != 'x')
return 1;
}
c1 = *pos++;
if (c1 < '0' || c1 > '9')
return 1;
c1 -= '0';
c2 = *pos++;
if (!hex) {
if (c2 != '.')
return 1;
c2 = *pos++;
}
if (c2 < '0' || c2 > '9')
return 1;
c2 -= '0';
c3 = *pos++;
if (c3 < '0' || c3 > '9')
return 1;
c3 -= '0';
c4 = *pos++;
if (c4 != 0)
return 1;
*version = c1 * 0x100 + c2 * 0x10 + c3;
return 0;
}
static int
a_udf_version(const char *s, const char *id_type)
{
uint32_t version;
if (parse_udfversion(s, &version))
errx(1, "unknown %s id %s; specify as hex or float", id_type, s);
return version;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static void
usage(void)
{
(void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-cFM] [-L loglabel] "
"[-P discid] [-S setlabel] [-s size] [-p perc] "
"[-t gmtoff] [-v min_udf] [-V max_udf] special\n", getprogname());
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
struct tm *tm;
struct stat st;
time_t now;
char scrap[255];
int ch, req_enable, req_disable, force;
int error;
setprogname(argv[0]);
/* initialise */
format_str = strdup("");
req_enable = req_disable = 0;
format_flags = FORMAT_INVALID;
force = 0;
check_surface = 0;
srandom((unsigned long) time(NULL));
udf_init_create_context();
context.app_name = APP_NAME;
context.impl_name = IMPL_NAME;
context.app_version_main = APP_VERSION_MAIN;
context.app_version_sub = APP_VERSION_SUB;
/* minimum and maximum UDF versions we advise */
context.min_udf = 0x201;
context.max_udf = 0x201;
/* use user's time zone as default */
(void)time(&now);
tm = localtime(&now);
context.gmtoff = tm->tm_gmtoff;
/* process options */
while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cFL:Mp:P:s:S:t:v:V:")) != -1) {
switch (ch) {
case 'c' :
check_surface = 1;
break;
case 'F' :
force = 1;
break;
case 'L' :
if (context.logvol_name) free(context.logvol_name);
context.logvol_name = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 'M' :
req_disable |= FORMAT_META;
break;
case 'p' :
meta_perc = a_num(optarg, "meta_perc");
/* limit to `sensible` values */
meta_perc = MIN(meta_perc, 99);
meta_perc = MAX(meta_perc, 1);
meta_fract = (float) meta_perc/100.0;
break;
case 'v' :
context.min_udf = a_udf_version(optarg, "min_udf");
if (context.min_udf > context.max_udf)
context.max_udf = context.min_udf;
break;
case 'V' :
context.max_udf = a_udf_version(optarg, "max_udf");
if (context.min_udf > context.max_udf)
context.min_udf = context.max_udf;
break;
case 'P' :
context.primary_name = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 's' :
/* TODO size argument; recordable emulation */
break;
case 'S' :
if (context.volset_name) free(context.volset_name);
context.volset_name = strdup(optarg);
break;
case 't' :
/* time zone overide */
context.gmtoff = a_num(optarg, "gmtoff");
break;
default :
usage();
/* NOTREACHED */
}
}
if (optind + 1 != argc)
usage();
/* get device and directory specifier */
dev = argv[optind];
/* open device */
if ((fd = open(dev, O_RDWR, 0)) == -1) {
perror("can't open device");
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
/* stat the device */
if (fstat(fd, &st) != 0) {
perror("can't stat the device");
close(fd);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
/* Formatting can only be done on raw devices */
if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) {
printf("%s is not a raw device\n", dev);
close(fd);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
/* just in case something went wrong, synchronise the drive's cache */
udf_synchronise_caches();
/* get disc information */
error = udf_update_discinfo(&mmc_discinfo);
if (error) {
perror("can't retrieve discinfo");
close(fd);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
/* derive disc identifiers when not specified and check given */
error = udf_proces_names();
if (error) {
/* error message has been printed */
close(fd);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
/* derive newfs disc format from disc profile */
error = udf_derive_format(req_enable, req_disable, force);
if (error) {
/* error message has been printed */
close(fd);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
udf_dump_discinfo(&mmc_discinfo);
printf("Formatting disc compatible with UDF version %x to %x\n\n",
context.min_udf, context.max_udf);
(void)snprintb(scrap, sizeof(scrap), FORMAT_FLAGBITS,
(uint64_t) format_flags);
printf("UDF properties %s\n", scrap);
printf("Volume set `%s'\n", context.volset_name);
printf("Primary volume `%s`\n", context.primary_name);
printf("Logical volume `%s`\n", context.logvol_name);
if (format_flags & FORMAT_META)
printf("Metadata percentage %d %%\n", meta_perc);
printf("\n");
/* prepare disc if nessisary (recordables mainly) */
error = udf_prepare_disc();
if (error) {
perror("preparing disc failed");
close(fd);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
};
/* set up administration */
error = udf_do_newfs();
/* in any case, synchronise the drive's cache to prevent lockups */
udf_synchronise_caches();
close(fd);
if (error)
return EXIT_FAILURE;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
/* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */