NetBSD-5.0.2/share/doc/papers/sysperf/a1.t
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.\" @(#)a1.t 5.1 (Berkeley) 4/17/91
.\"
.ds RH Appendix A \- Benchmark sources
.nr H2 1
.sp 2
.de vS
.nf
..
.de vE
.fi
..
.bp
.SH
\s+2Appendix A \- Benchmark sources\s-2
.LP
The programs shown here run under 4.2 with only routines
from the standard libraries. When run under 4.1 they were augmented
with a \fIgetpagesize\fP routine and a copy of the \fIrandom\fP
function from the C library. The \fIvforks\fP and \fIvexecs\fP
programs are constructed from the \fIforks\fP and \fIexecs\fP programs,
respectively, by substituting calls to \fIfork\fP with calls to
\fIvfork\fP.
.SH
syscall
.LP
.vS
/*
* System call overhead benchmark.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register int ncalls;
if (argc < 2) {
printf("usage: %s #syscalls\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
ncalls = atoi(argv[1]);
while (ncalls-- > 0)
(void) getpid();
}
.vE
.SH
csw
.LP
.vS
/*
* Context switching benchmark.
*
* Force system to context switch 2*nsigs
* times by forking and exchanging signals.
* To calculate system overhead for a context
* switch, the signocsw program must be run
* with nsigs. Overhead is then estimated by
* t1 = time csw <n>
* t2 = time signocsw <n>
* overhead = t1 - 2 * t2;
*/
#include <signal.h>
int sigsub();
int otherpid;
int nsigs;
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
int pid;
if (argc < 2) {
printf("usage: %s nsignals\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
nsigs = atoi(argv[1]);
signal(SIGALRM, sigsub);
otherpid = getpid();
pid = fork();
if (pid != 0) {
otherpid = pid;
kill(otherpid, SIGALRM);
}
for (;;)
sigpause(0);
}
sigsub()
{
signal(SIGALRM, sigsub);
kill(otherpid, SIGALRM);
if (--nsigs <= 0)
exit(0);
}
.vE
.SH
signocsw
.LP
.vS
/*
* Signal without context switch benchmark.
*/
#include <signal.h>
int pid;
int nsigs;
int sigsub();
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register int i;
if (argc < 2) {
printf("usage: %s nsignals\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
nsigs = atoi(argv[1]);
signal(SIGALRM, sigsub);
pid = getpid();
for (i = 0; i < nsigs; i++)
kill(pid, SIGALRM);
}
sigsub()
{
signal(SIGALRM, sigsub);
}
.vE
.SH
pipeself
.LP
.vS
/*
* IPC benchmark,
* write to self using pipes.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
char buf[512];
int fd[2], msgsize;
register int i, iter;
if (argc < 3) {
printf("usage: %s iterations message-size\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
argc--, argv++;
iter = atoi(*argv);
argc--, argv++;
msgsize = atoi(*argv);
if (msgsize > sizeof (buf) || msgsize <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad message size.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
if (pipe(fd) < 0) {
perror("pipe");
exit(3);
}
for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) {
write(fd[1], buf, msgsize);
read(fd[0], buf, msgsize);
}
}
.vE
.SH
pipediscard
.LP
.vS
/*
* IPC benchmarkl,
* write and discard using pipes.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
char buf[512];
int fd[2], msgsize;
register int i, iter;
if (argc < 3) {
printf("usage: %s iterations message-size\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
argc--, argv++;
iter = atoi(*argv);
argc--, argv++;
msgsize = atoi(*argv);
if (msgsize > sizeof (buf) || msgsize <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad message size.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
if (pipe(fd) < 0) {
perror("pipe");
exit(3);
}
if (fork() == 0)
for (i = 0; i < iter; i++)
read(fd[0], buf, msgsize);
else
for (i = 0; i < iter; i++)
write(fd[1], buf, msgsize);
}
.vE
.SH
pipeback
.LP
.vS
/*
* IPC benchmark,
* read and reply using pipes.
*
* Process forks and exchanges messages
* over a pipe in a request-response fashion.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
char buf[512];
int fd[2], fd2[2], msgsize;
register int i, iter;
if (argc < 3) {
printf("usage: %s iterations message-size\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
argc--, argv++;
iter = atoi(*argv);
argc--, argv++;
msgsize = atoi(*argv);
if (msgsize > sizeof (buf) || msgsize <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad message size.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
if (pipe(fd) < 0) {
perror("pipe");
exit(3);
}
if (pipe(fd2) < 0) {
perror("pipe");
exit(3);
}
if (fork() == 0)
for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) {
read(fd[0], buf, msgsize);
write(fd2[1], buf, msgsize);
}
else
for (i = 0; i < iter; i++) {
write(fd[1], buf, msgsize);
read(fd2[0], buf, msgsize);
}
}
.vE
.SH
forks
.LP
.vS
/*
* Benchmark program to calculate fork+wait
* overhead (approximately). Process
* forks and exits while parent waits.
* The time to run this program is used
* in calculating exec overhead.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register int nforks, i;
char *cp;
int pid, child, status, brksize;
if (argc < 2) {
printf("usage: %s number-of-forks sbrk-size\n", argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
nforks = atoi(argv[1]);
if (nforks < 0) {
printf("%s: bad number of forks\n", argv[1]);
exit(2);
}
brksize = atoi(argv[2]);
if (brksize < 0) {
printf("%s: bad size to sbrk\n", argv[2]);
exit(3);
}
cp = (char *)sbrk(brksize);
if ((int)cp == -1) {
perror("sbrk");
exit(4);
}
for (i = 0; i < brksize; i += 1024)
cp[i] = i;
while (nforks-- > 0) {
child = fork();
if (child == -1) {
perror("fork");
exit(-1);
}
if (child == 0)
_exit(-1);
while ((pid = wait(&status)) != -1 && pid != child)
;
}
exit(0);
}
.vE
.SH
execs
.LP
.vS
/*
* Benchmark program to calculate exec
* overhead (approximately). Process
* forks and execs "null" test program.
* The time to run the fork program should
* then be deducted from this one to
* estimate the overhead for the exec.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register int nexecs, i;
char *cp, *sbrk();
int pid, child, status, brksize;
if (argc < 3) {
printf("usage: %s number-of-execs sbrk-size job-name\n",
argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
nexecs = atoi(argv[1]);
if (nexecs < 0) {
printf("%s: bad number of execs\n", argv[1]);
exit(2);
}
brksize = atoi(argv[2]);
if (brksize < 0) {
printf("%s: bad size to sbrk\n", argv[2]);
exit(3);
}
cp = sbrk(brksize);
if ((int)cp == -1) {
perror("sbrk");
exit(4);
}
for (i = 0; i < brksize; i += 1024)
cp[i] = i;
while (nexecs-- > 0) {
child = fork();
if (child == -1) {
perror("fork");
exit(-1);
}
if (child == 0) {
execv(argv[3], argv);
perror("execv");
_exit(-1);
}
while ((pid = wait(&status)) != -1 && pid != child)
;
}
exit(0);
}
.vE
.SH
nulljob
.LP
.vS
/*
* Benchmark "null job" program.
*/
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
exit(0);
}
.vE
.SH
bigjob
.LP
.vS
/*
* Benchmark "null big job" program.
*/
/* 250 here is intended to approximate vi's text+data size */
char space[1024 * 250] = "force into data segment";
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
exit(0);
}
.vE
.bp
.SH
seqpage
.LP
.vS
/*
* Sequential page access benchmark.
*/
#include <sys/vadvise.h>
char *valloc();
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register i, niter;
register char *pf, *lastpage;
int npages = 4096, pagesize, vflag = 0;
char *pages, *name;
name = argv[0];
argc--, argv++;
again:
if (argc < 1) {
usage:
printf("usage: %s [ -v ] [ -p #pages ] niter\n", name);
exit(1);
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-p") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
if (argc < 1)
goto usage;
npages = atoi(*argv);
if (npages <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad page count.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
argc--, argv++;
goto again;
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-v") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
vflag++;
goto again;
}
niter = atoi(*argv);
pagesize = getpagesize();
pages = valloc(npages * pagesize);
if (pages == (char *)0) {
printf("Can't allocate %d pages (%2.1f megabytes).\n",
npages, (npages * pagesize) / (1024. * 1024.));
exit(3);
}
lastpage = pages + (npages * pagesize);
if (vflag)
vadvise(VA_SEQL);
for (i = 0; i < niter; i++)
for (pf = pages; pf < lastpage; pf += pagesize)
*pf = 1;
}
.vE
.SH
randpage
.LP
.vS
/*
* Random page access benchmark.
*/
#include <sys/vadvise.h>
char *valloc();
int rand();
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register int npages = 4096, pagesize, pn, i, niter;
int vflag = 0, debug = 0;
char *pages, *name;
name = argv[0];
argc--, argv++;
again:
if (argc < 1) {
usage:
printf("usage: %s [ -d ] [ -v ] [ -p #pages ] niter\n", name);
exit(1);
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-p") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
if (argc < 1)
goto usage;
npages = atoi(*argv);
if (npages <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad page count.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
argc--, argv++;
goto again;
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-v") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
vflag++;
goto again;
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-d") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
debug++;
goto again;
}
niter = atoi(*argv);
pagesize = getpagesize();
pages = valloc(npages * pagesize);
if (pages == (char *)0) {
printf("Can't allocate %d pages (%2.1f megabytes).\n",
npages, (npages * pagesize) / (1024. * 1024.));
exit(3);
}
if (vflag)
vadvise(VA_ANOM);
for (i = 0; i < niter; i++) {
pn = random() % npages;
if (debug)
printf("touch page %d\n", pn);
pages[pagesize * pn] = 1;
}
}
.vE
.SH
gausspage
.LP
.vS
/*
* Random page access with
* a gaussian distribution.
*
* Allocate a large (zero fill on demand) address
* space and fault the pages in a random gaussian
* order.
*/
float sqrt(), log(), rnd(), cos(), gauss();
char *valloc();
int rand();
main(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
register int pn, i, niter, delta;
register char *pages;
float sd = 10.0;
int npages = 4096, pagesize, debug = 0;
char *name;
name = argv[0];
argc--, argv++;
again:
if (argc < 1) {
usage:
printf(
"usage: %s [ -d ] [ -p #pages ] [ -s standard-deviation ] iterations\n", name);
exit(1);
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-s") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
if (argc < 1)
goto usage;
sscanf(*argv, "%f", &sd);
if (sd <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad standard deviation.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
argc--, argv++;
goto again;
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-p") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
if (argc < 1)
goto usage;
npages = atoi(*argv);
if (npages <= 0) {
printf("%s: Bad page count.\n", *argv);
exit(2);
}
argc--, argv++;
goto again;
}
if (strcmp(*argv, "-d") == 0) {
argc--, argv++;
debug++;
goto again;
}
niter = atoi(*argv);
pagesize = getpagesize();
pages = valloc(npages*pagesize);
if (pages == (char *)0) {
printf("Can't allocate %d pages (%2.1f megabytes).\n",
npages, (npages*pagesize) / (1024. * 1024.));
exit(3);
}
pn = 0;
for (i = 0; i < niter; i++) {
delta = gauss(sd, 0.0);
while (pn + delta < 0 || pn + delta > npages)
delta = gauss(sd, 0.0);
pn += delta;
if (debug)
printf("touch page %d\n", pn);
else
pages[pn * pagesize] = 1;
}
}
float
gauss(sd, mean)
float sd, mean;
{
register float qa, qb;
qa = sqrt(log(rnd()) * -2.0);
qb = 3.14159 * rnd();
return (qa * cos(qb) * sd + mean);
}
float
rnd()
{
static int seed = 1;
static int biggest = 0x7fffffff;
return ((float)rand(seed) / (float)biggest);
}
.vE