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.\" $NetBSD: ndiscvt.8,v 1.7 2008/09/27 04:33:04 reed Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 2003
.\"	Bill Paul <wpaul@windriver.com> All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
.\"    must display the following acknowledgement:
.\"	This product includes software developed by Bill Paul.
.\" 4. Neither the name of the author nor the names of any co-contributors
.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
.\"   without specific prior written permission.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Bill Paul AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL Bill Paul OR THE VOICES IN HIS HEAD
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
.\" THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
.\" $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/ndiscvt/ndiscvt.8,v 1.5.2.1 2005/02/27 15:40:17 brueffer Exp $
.\"
.Dd December 24, 2007
.Dt NDISCVT 8 i386
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm ndiscvt
.Nd convert
.Tn Windows\[rg]
NDIS drivers for use with
.Nx
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm
.Op Fl O
.Op Fl i Ar inffile
.Op Fl n Ar devname
.Op Fl o Ar outfile
.Fl s Ar sysfile
.\".Nm
.\".Op Fl f Ar firmfile
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm
utility transforms a
.Tn Windows\[rg]
NDIS driver into a data file which
is used to build an
.\".Xr ndis 4
ndis
compatibility driver module.
.Tn Windows\[rg]
drivers consist of two main parts: a
.Pa .SYS
file, which contains the actual driver executable code,
and an
.Pa .INF
file, which provides the
.Tn Windows\[rg]
installer with device
identifier information and a list of driver-specific registry keys.
The
.Nm
utility can convert these files into a header file that is compiled
into
.Pa if_ndis.c
to create an object code module that can be linked into
the
.Nx
kernel.
.Pp
The
.Pa .INF
file is typically required since only it contains device
identification data such as PCI vendor and device IDs or PCMCIA
indentifier strings.
The
.Pa .INF
file may be optionally omitted however,
in which case the
.Nm
utility will only perform the conversion of the
.Pa .SYS
file.
This is useful for debugging purposes only.
.Sh OPTIONS
The options are as follows:
.Bl -tag -offset indent -width XfXfirmfileXX
.\"***************************************************************************
.\" The section describing the -f option for firmware has been commented out
.\" Because this is not currently supported on NetBSD.
.\"***************************************************************************
.\".It Fl f Ar firmfile
.\"A few NDIS drivers come with additional files that the core
.\"driver module will load during initialization time.
.\"Typically,
.\"these files contain firmware which the driver will transfer to
.\"the device in order to make it fully operational.
.\"In
.\".Tn Windows\[rg] ,
.\"these files are usually just copied into one of the system
.\"directories along with the driver itself.
.\".Pp
.\"In
.\".Nx
.\"there are two mechanism for loading these files.
.\"If the driver
.\"is built as a loadable kernel module which is loaded after the
.\"kernel has finished booting
.\"(and after the root filesystem has
.\"been mounted),
.\"the extra files can simply be copied to the
.\".Pa /compat/ndis
.\"directory, and they will be loaded into the kernel on demand when the
.\"the driver needs them.
.\".Pp
.\"If however the driver is required to bootstrap the system
.\"(i.e. if
.\"the NDIS-based network interface is to be used for diskless/PXE
.\"booting),
.\"the files need to be pre-loaded by the bootstrap
.\"loader in order to be accessible, since the driver will need them
.\"before the root file system has been mounted.
.\"However, the bootstrap
.\"loader is only able to load files that are shared
.\".Nx
.\"binary objects.
.\".Pp
.\"The
.\".Fl f
.\"flag can be used to convert an arbitrary file
.\".Ar firmfile
.\"into shared object format
.\"(the actual conversion is done using
.\"the
.\".Xr objcopy 1
.\"and
.\".Xr ld 1
.\"commands).
.\"The resulting files can then be copied to the
.\".Pa /boot/kernel
.\"directory, and can be pre-loaded directly from the boot loader
.\"prompt, or automatically by editing the
.\".Xr loader.conf 5
.\"file.
.\"If desired, the files can also be loaded into memory
.\"at runtime using the
.\".Xr kldload 8
.\"command.
.\".Pp
.\"When an NDIS driver tries to open an external file, the
.\".Xr ndisapi 9
.\"code will first search for a loaded kernel module that matches the
.\"name specified in the open request, and if that fails, it will then
.\"try to open the file from the
.\".Pa /compat/ndis
.\"directory as well.
.\"Note that during kernel bootstrap, the ability
.\"to open files from
.\".Pa /compat/ndis
.\"is disabled: only the module search will be performed.
.\".Pp
.\"When using the
.\".Fl f
.\"flag,
.\".Nm
.\"will generate both a relocatable object file
.\"(with a
.\".Pa .o
.\"extension)
.\"and a shared object file
.\"(with a
.\".Pa .ko
.\"extension).
.\"The shared object is the one that should be placed in
.\"the
.\".Pa /boot/kernel
.\"directory.
.\"The relocatable object file is useful if the user wishes
.\"to create a completely static kernel image: the object file can be
.\"linked into the kernel directly along with the driver itself.
.\"Some
.\"editing of the kernel configuration files will be necessary in order
.\"to have the extra object included in the build.
.It Fl i Ar inffile
Open and parse the specified
.Pa .INF
file when performing conversion.
The
.Nm
utility will parse this file and emit a device identification
structure and registry key configuration structures which will be
used by the
.\".Xr ndis 4
ndis
driver and
.\".Xr ndisapi 9
ndisapi
kernel subsystem.
If this is omitted,
.Nm
will emit a dummy configuration structure only.
.It Fl n Ar devname
Specify an alternate name for the network device/interface which will
be created when the driver is instantiated.
If you need to load more
than one NDIS driver into your system (i.e., if you have two different
network cards in your system which require NDIS driver support), each
module you create must have a unique name.
Device can not be larger than
.Dv IFNAMSIZ .
If no name is specified, the driver will use the
default a default name
.Pq Dq Li ndis .
.It Fl O
Generate both an
.Pa ndis_driver_data.h
file and
an
.Pa ndis_driver.data.o
file.
The latter file will contain a copy of the
.Tn Windows\[rg]
.Pa .SYS
driver image encoded as a
.Nx
ELF object file
(created with
.Xr objcopy 1 ) .
Turning the
.Tn Windows\[rg]
driver image directly into an object code file saves disk space
and compilation time.
.It Fl o Ar outfile
Specify the output file in which to place the resulting data.
This can be any file pathname.
If
.Ar outfile
is a single dash
.Pq Sq Fl ,
the data will be written to the standard output.
The
.Pa if_ndis.c
module expects to find the driver data in a file called
.Pa ndis_driver_data.h ,
so it is recommended that this name be used.
.It Fl s Ar sysfile
Open and parse the specified
.Pa .SYS
file.
This file must contain a
.Tn Windows\[rg]
driver image.
The
.Nm
utility will perform some manipulation of the sections within the
executable file to make runtime linking within the kernel a little
easier and then convert the image into a data array.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ld 1 ,
.Xr objcopy 1 ,
.Xr ndis 4
.\".Xr kldload 8 ,
.\".Xr ndisapi 9
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm
utility first appeared in
.Fx 5.3 .
.Sh AUTHORS
.An -nosplit
The
.Nm
utility was written by
.An Bill Paul Aq wpaul@windriver.com .
The
.Xr lex 1
and
.Xr yacc 1
.Pa .INF
file parser was written by
.An Matthew Dodd Aq mdodd@FreeBSD.org .