Ultrix-3.1/src/cmd/help/helptext4
-archive
Archive Files
TASK COMMAND
Archive files to/from tape v7tar
Archive files to/from tape tp
Create ANSI-compatible tape volumes ltf
Create archive libraries ar
Create multiple archives mdtar
Create multiple tape archives tar
Copy archive files cpio
Create Table of Contents for archive ranlib
Determine archive ordering lorder
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-commands
You can access additional menus for user-level commands to:
TASK KEY
Change or determine your environment environment
Change or determine process execution process
Communicate with other users communication
Create or maintain your directories directories
Create or maintain archive libraries archive
Create or maintain your files files
Display user and system information inform
Edit your files editor
Format text for printing format
Manipulate file data data
Source Code Control System SCCS
Submit jobs to the line printer printer
Use computer network network
Use math or logic math
To display a specific menu, select the appropriate KEY and type:
help KEY
-communication
Communicate with other users
TASK COMMAND
Disallow messages at your terminal mesg
Display interprocess communication status ipcs
Determine whom your mail is from from
Permit messages at your terminal mesg
Read mail messages binmail
Read mail messages mail
Rebuild mail aliases file newaliases
Remove interprocess communication identifier ipcrm
Send mail to other users mail
Send mail messages binmail
Send a message to another user write
Send a message to all users wall
Talk with another user talk
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-data
Manipulate File Data
TASK COMMAND
Create data dump od
Create topological sort tsort
Compact file data pack
Compare data cmp
Compare sorted data comm
Concatenate compressed file data pcat
Concatenate data cat
Convert tabs to spaces expand
Convert spaces to tabs unexpand
Convert underscoring ul
Copy data cp
Copy and convert data dd
Count characters, words, and lines wc
Cut data from files cut
Determine differences diff
Determine differences (3 files) diff3
Determine differences (big files) bdiff
Determine differences (side-by-side) sdiff
Display data, one screen at a time more
Display data, page screen down page
Display data with line numbers nl
Display portion of data tail
Display wordlist from data prep
Extended character set filter greek
Join data join
Merge data paste
Process reverse line feed col
Remove repetitive lines from data uniq
Reverse character line positions rev
Scan and execute commands awk
Scan data for extended pattern egrep
Scan data for fixed pattern fgrep
Scan data for regular pattern grep
Scan large text files bfs
Scan sorted data look
Split data into smaller files split
Split up text files csplit
Sort data sort
Translate characters tr
Uncompact file data unpack
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-directories
Create or Maintain Directories
TASK COMMAND
Determine directory/file statistics ls
List directory's contents ls
Make new directory mkdir
Move files to directory mv
Remove directory rmdir
Rename directory mv
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-editor
Edit Files
TASK COMMAND
Use display text editor ex
Use line-oriented text editor ed
Use restricted line-oriented editor red
Use stream text editor sed
Use screen-oriented text editor vi
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-errors
When unsuccessful, most system calls return an error number in the
global variable errno to indicate the error condition encountered.
There is a table of messages associated with each error number and
a routine for printing the appropriate message. For further
information, see perror(3) in the ULTRIX-11 Programmer's Manual.
The following lists each error name, its corresponding number
and a brief description.
NAME NUMBER DESCRIPTION
EPERM 1 Not owner
ENOENT 2 No such file or directory
ESRCH 3 No such process
EINTR 4 Interrupted system call
EIO 5 I/O error
ENXIO 6 No such device or address
E2BIG 7 Arg list too long
ENOEXEC 8 Exec format error
EBADF 9 Bad file number
ECHILD 10 No children
EAGAIN 11 No more processes
ENOMEM 12 Not enough core
EACCES 13 Permission denied
EFAULT 14 Bad address
ENOTBLK 15 Block device required
EBUSY 16 Mount device busy
EEXIST 17 File exists
EXDEV 18 Cross-device link
ENODEV 19 No such device
ENOTDIR 20 Not a directory
EISDIR 21 Is a directory
EINVAL 22 Invalid argument
ENFILE 23 File table overflow
EMFILE 24 Too many open files
ENOTTY 25 Not a typewriter
ETXTBSY 26 Text file busy
EFBIG 27 File too large
ENOSPC 28 No space left on device
ESPIPE 29 Illegal seek
EROFS 30 Read-only file system
EMLINK 31 Too many links
EPIPE 32 Broken pipe
EDOM 33 Argument too large
ERANGE 34 Result too large
ETPL 35 Tape position lost
ETOL 36 Tape off-line
ETWL 37 Tape write locked
ETO 38 Tape already open
EDESTADDRREQ 39 Destination address required
EMSGSIZE 40 Message too long
EPROTOTYPE 41 Protocol wrong type for socket
ENOPROTOOPT 42 Protocol not available
EPROTONOSUPPORT 43 Protocol not supported
ESOCKTNOSUPPORT 44 Socket type not supported
EOPNOTSUPP 45 Operation not supported
EPFNOSUPPORT 46 Protocol family not supported
EAFNOSUPPORT 47 Address family not supported
EADDRINUSE 48 Address already in use
EADDRNOTAVAIL 49 Can't assign requested address
ENETDOWN 50 Network is down
ENETUNREACH 51 Network is unreachable
ENETRESET 52 Network dropped connection reset
ECONNABORTED 53 Software caused connection abort
ECONNRESET 54 Connection reset by peer
ENOBUFS 55 No buffer space available
EISCONN 56 Socket is already connected
ENOTCONN 57 Socket is not connected
ESHUTDOWN 58 Can't send after socket shutdown
ETOOMANYREFS 59 Too many references
ETIMEDOUT 60 Connection timed out
ECONNREFUSED 61 Connection refused
ELOOP 62 Too many levels--symbolic links
ENAMETOOLONG 63 File name too long
EHOSTDOWN 64 Host is down
EHOSTUNREACH 65 No route to host
ENOTEMPTY 66 Directory not empty
EPROCLIM 67 Too many processes
EUSERS 68 Too many users
EDQUOT 69 Disc quota exceeded
EWOULDBLOCK 70 Operation would block
EINPROGRESS 71 Operation now in progress
EALREADY 72 Operation already in progress
ENOTSOCK 73 Socket operation on non-socket
ENOMSG 74 No message of desired type
EIDRM 75 Identifier removed
ECHRNG 76 Channel number out of range
EL2NSYNC 77 Level 2 not synchronized
EL3HLT 78 Level 3 halted
EL3RST 79 Level 3 reset
ELNRNG 80 Link number out of range
EUNATCH 81 Protocol driver not attached
ENOCSI 82 No CSI structure available
EL2HLT 83 Level 2 halted
EDEADLK 84 Deadlock condition avoided
ENOLCK 85 No locks available
EBADFS 86 Bad file system superblock
For further help, select the appropriate NUMBER and type:
help NUMBER
-environment
Change or Determine Your Execution Environment
TASK COMMAND
SYSTEM V command interpreter sh5
Bourne shell command interpreter sh
C shell command interpreter csh
Change current directory cd
Change finger information chfn
Change current group ID newgrp
Change login shell chsh
Change login password passwd
Change root directory chroot
Clear your terminal screen clear
Clear your terminal screen clr
Determine current directory pwd
Determine current host system hostname
Determine current terminal tty
Determine current user ID name whoami
Determine shell environment printenv
Log in to system login
Reset terminal I/O mode reset
Restricted SYSTEM V command interpreter rsh5
Set terminal I/O characteristics stty
Set terminal mode tset
Set tabs for terminal tabs
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-files
Create or Maintain Files
TASK COMMAND
Change access permissions (mode) chmod
Change assigned group (groupID) chgrp
Change assigned owner (userID) chown
Change assigned owner and group chog
Create new link ln
Determine file's type file
Limit maximum file size ulimit
List file statistics ls
Locate file find
Move file to directory mv
Remove file rm
Rename file mv
Update modification time touch
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-format
Format Text
TASK COMMAND
Check eqn codes checkeq
Check mm macro codes checkmm
Check text for spelling errors spell
Draw graph graph
Draw smooth curve spline
Format bibliographic references refer
Format equations eqn
Format equations and display at terminal neqn
Format text (simplest formatter) roff
Format text nroff
Format text for phototypesetter troff
Format text into single-column paragraphs fmt
Format text using nroff and mm macros mm
Format text using nroff and osdd macros osdd
Format text using troff and mm macros mmt
Format text using troff and mv macros mvt
Generate permuted index ptx
Generate plotting instructions plot
Generate tables tbl
Look up bibliographic references lookbib
Paginate output for Tektronix 4014 tk
Remove eqn, nroff, tbl, or troff coding deroff
Simulate phototypesetter output tc
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-inform
Display User and System Information
TASK COMMAND
Display calendar cal
Display current host name uname
Display current user information w
Display command title references apropos
Display command information whatis
Display date and time date
Display disk usage du
Display information about users f
Display last log in times last
Display login names and terminals who
Display manual page man
Display name of host system hostid
Display names of users logged in users
Display names of users logged in u
Display on-line help help
Display process statistics ps
Display system performance status uptime
Display user-created calendar reminders calendar
Display user finger information finger
Display which programs would be executed which
Execute CAI modules learn
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-maint
DIGITAL recommends that you read the ULTRIX-11 System
Management Guide for a detailed explanation of all recom-
mended maintenance procedures.
You can access a summary for each of these maintenance
commands. The commands marked with an asterisk (*) have
been replaced by the fsck command.
TASK COMMAND
Administer network address protocol tables arp
Administer network routing tables route
Analyze system crash dump cda
Add newly configured terminals ted
Check and repair file systems fsck
Check directory consistency *dcheck
Check inode consistency *icheck
Clear inodes *clri
Concatenate formatted manual pages catman
Configure network interface parameters ifconfig
Construct a new file system newfs
Convert V6 archives to V7 format arcv
Copy system crash dumps ccd
Copy system messages dmesg
Create file system copy (disk copy) dcopy
Create file system dump dump
Create file system image copy volcopy
Create file system labels labelit
Create file system structure mkfs
Create system configuration tables mkconf
Debug file system fsdb
Determine MSCP disk partitions rasize
Determine file names from inodes ncheck
Disable logins nologins
Disable terminals ted
Display I/O statistics iostat
Display I/O buffer usage bufstat
Display assigned tty structures tss
Display contents of mailq directory mailq
Display dumptape directories dumpdir
Display login accounting statistics ac
Display memory usage memstat
Display number of free blocks available df
Display pre-version 3.0 dumptape directories 512dumpdir
Display process accounting statistics sa
Display system status information pstat
Display user block usage quot
Edit locked password file vipw
Enable logins logins
Enable terminals ted
Error logger copy program elc
Error logger initialization program eli
Error logger print program elp
Execute command without controlling terminal zaptty
Extract files from pre-version 3.0 file systems rawfs
Format RX02 floppy diskettes rx2fmt
Generate new encryption key makekey
Generate a system kernel sysgen
Initialize terminal mode getty
Load optional software osload
Log datagram socket statistics syslog
Mail system routing program sendmail
Make special file msf
Make special file mknod
Mount file systems mount
Patch inodes ipatch
Interactive system maintenance program opser
Rebuild mail aliases database newaliases
Restart line printer daemon lpdrestart
Restore files from dumptape restor
Restore files from pre-version 3.0 dumptape 512restor
Set line printer parameters lpset
Set date and time to network date and time rdate
Set up line printer lprsetup
Set up network files netsetup
Set up new user accounts nu
Set up uucp files uucpsetup
System TELNET daemon telnetd
System Internet services daemon inetd
System boot procedures boot
System crash procedures crash
System clock daemon cron
System file transfer protocol daemon tfpd
System file system update daemon update
System initialization program init
System line printer daemon lpd
System lpd character filter ulf
System miscellaneous services daemon miscd
System network routing daemon routed
System rexec daemon rexecd
System rlogin daemon rlogind
System rsh daemon rshd
System rwho daemon rwhod
System shutdown procedures shutdown
System talk daemon talkd
System tftp daemon tftpd
Turn on/off floating point simulator fpsim
Turn on/off process accounting accton
ULTRIX-11 system acceptance test program usat
ULTRIX-11 system exerciser package usep
Unmount file systems umount
Update file systems sync
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-math
Math or Logic
TASK COMMAND
Convert units of measure units
Evaluate expressions expr
Factor numbers factor
Generate prime numbers primes
Use arbitrary precision calculator bc
Use desk-top calculator dc
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-menu
General Menu
You can access additional introductory menus for:
CATEGORY KEY
Defined terms terms
Kernel error messages errors
Programming commands program
System administration files system
System maintenance commands maint
Table of contents table
User-level commands commands
To display a specific menu, select the appropriate KEY and type:
help KEY
-network
Networking
TASK COMMAND
ARPANET file transfer program ftp
ARPANET trivial file transfer program tftp
TELNET protocol program telnet
UUCP job control program uustat
Call another system cu
Concatenate DECnet files dcat
Connect to another system tip
Copy DECnet files dcp
Copy files between remote systems rcp
Copy files from another system uucp
Determine uucp and uux transactions uulog
Display network status netstat
Display status of remote hosts ruptime
Display who is logged in network rwho
Execute commands on another system uux
Execute commands on remote system rsh
List DECnet file statistics dls
Log in to DECnet host dlogin
Log in to remote system rlogin
Remove DECnet files drm
Route mail to user on remote systems rmail
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-printer
Submit Jobs to the Line Printer
TASK COMMAND
Display all jobs queued for printing lpq
Delete your jobs from the print queue lprm
Print and paginate data pr
Print files at the line printer print
Queue files for printing lpr
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-process
Change or Determine Your Process Execution
TASK COMMAND
Create pipe tee for output tee
Create record of commands executed script
Execute command and ignore hangups nohup
Execute commands at a later time at
Execute command at a lower priority nice
Reschedule priority of command renice
Send command to tape drive mt
Signal a process (command) kill
Substitute another user's ID su
Time a command's execution time
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-program
You can access a summary for each of these regular and shell
programming commands.
TASK COMMAND
PASCAL code interpreter pi
PASCAL code interpreter and executor pix
PASCAL code executor px
PASCAL execution profiler pxp
Analyze compiler error messages error
Assemble programs as
Augmented make program s5make
Beautify C programs cb
Check C code lint
Compile and link-edit C programs cc
Compile regular expressions regcmp
Convert FORTRAN to ratfor program struct
Create lexical analyzer lex
Create message file from C programs mkstr
Create parsing algorithms yacc
Create program tags files ctags
Debug program dumps adb
Display ASCII strings in programs strings
Display program's checksum sum
Display program's size size
Display program's symbol table nm
Echo arguments (script) echo
Error logger initialization program eli
Error logger print program elp
Extract strings from programs xstr
FORTRAN compiler f77
Force true condition (script) true
Force untrue condition (script) false
Get command options getopt
Macro preprocessor m4
Macro-11 assembler m11
Macro-11 loader l11
Profile programs prof
Link compiled programs ld
Maintain program groups make
Portable C compiler pcc
Program in rational FORTRAN ratfor
Read one line from stdin line
Remove symbol table and relocation bits strip
Strip pathnames (script) basename
Suspend execution for a time (script) sleep
Test conditions (script) test
Trace program execution ctrace
Wait for signals (script) wait
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-SCCS
Use the Source Code Control System
TASK COMMAND
Administer SCCS files admin
Change delta commentary cdc
Combine delta versions comb
Create SCCS files create
Display SCCS file delta and edit status sact
Display changes made to SCCS files prt
Display differences between deltas sccsdiff
Display ID keywords from SCCS files what
Display information about edited files info
Display information about SCCS files prs
Display information about error messages sccshelp
Display names of edited files check
Display names of edited files tell
Edit SCCS files edit
Get copies of SCCS files get
Make delta, then edit deledit
Make delta, then get delget
Remove delta, then edit earlier delta fix
Remove SCCS files clean
Remove specified delta rmdel
Save changes made to SCCS files delta
Undo SCCS edit unedit
Undo SCCS get unget
Use SCCS interface sccs
Validate SCCS files val
Version control program vc
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND and type:
help COMMAND
-system
System Administrative Files
DESCRIPTION KEY
Command execution database /usr/lib/crontab
Current login database /etc/utmp
DECnet access facility table /etc/dgateway
Dump date database /etc/ddate
File systems table /etc/fstab
Internet daemon database /etc/inetd.conf
Internet hosts database /etc/hosts
Internet host equivalents /etc/hosts.equiv
Internet networks database /etc/networks
Internet protocols database /etc/protocols
Internet services database /etc/services
Login history database /usr/adm/wtmp
Mail aliases database /usr/lib/aliases
Message-of-the-day file /etc/motd
Mounted file systems table /etc/mtab
Multiuser startup file /etc/rc
Printer capabilities database /etc/printcap
Remote hosts numbers database /etc/phones
Remote hosts database /etc/remote
Syslog configuration file /etc/syslog.conf
System-level shell profile /etc/profile
System-level shell profile /etc/cshprofile
System groups database /etc/groups
System login database /etc/passwd
Terminal capabilities database /etc/termcap
Terminal configuration table /etc/gettytab
Terminal initialization database /etc/ttys
Terminal types database /etc/ttytype
For further help, select the appropriate KEY and type:
help KEY
-table
The table of contents lists the commands, terms, files, and
kernel error messages for which an on-line summary exists:
COMMANDS TASKS
512dumpdir Display files on pre-version 3.0 dump tape
512restor Restore files from pre-version 3.0 dump tape
ac Display login accounting statistics
accton Turn on/off system accounting
adb Interactive C program debugger
admin Administer SCCS files
apropos Display command title references
ar Create and maintain archive libraries
arcv Convert archives to V7 format
arp Administer network protocol translation tables
as Assemble program
at Execute commands at a later time
awk Scan for pattern and execute commands
basename Strip directory prefixes from pathname
bc Interactive arithmetic language processor
bdiff Determine differences between big files
bfs Scan large text files
binmail Interactive mail program
boot System boot procedures
bufstat Display I/O buffer usage
cal Display calendar for specified month or year
calendar Use calendar reminder service
cat Concatenate and display data
catman Concatenate formatted manual pages
cb Beautify C program
cc Compile C program
ccd Interactive system crash dump copy program
cd Change directories
cdc Change delta commentaries in SCCS files
cda Analyze system crash dump
check Display names of edited SCCS files
checkeq Check eqn code
checkmm Check mm macro codes
chfn Change user finger information
chgrp Change file group
chmod Change file permission settings
chog Change file owner and group
chown Change file owner
chroot Change root directory
chsh Change login shell
clean Remove SCCS files
clear Clear terminal screen
clr Clear terminal screen
clri Clear file inode
cmp Compare file data
col Process reverse line feeds
comb Combine deltas in SCCS files
comm Compare sorted data
cp Copy file data
cpio Copy archive files
crash System crash procedures
create Create SCCS files
cron System clock daemon
csh C shell command interpreter
csplit Split up text file
ctags Create ex editor tags file
ctrace Trace program execution
cu Call and connect to a remote system
cut Cut text from file
date Display date and time
dc Interactive desktop calculator
dcat Concatenate DECnet files
dcheck Check file system directory consistency
dcopy Create disk-to-disk file system copy
dcp Copy DECnet files
dd Copy and convert data
deledit Make SCCS delta, then edit
delget Make SCCS delta, then get
delta Save changes made to SCCS files
deroff Remove nroff, troff, tbl, and eqn code
df Display amount of disk free space
diff Determine differences in file data
diff3 Determine differences between 3 files
dlogin Log in to DECnet host node
dls List and generate statistics for DECnet files
dmesg Copy system messages
drm Remove DECnet files
du Display user disk usage
dump Create incremental file system dump
dumpdir Display files on a dump tape
echo Echo arguments
ed Interactive line-oriented text editor
edit Edit SCCS files
egrep Scan data for extended patterns
elc Error logger copy program
eli Error logger initialization program
elp Error logger print program
eqn Format mathematical equations
error Analyze compiler error messages
ex Interactive text editor with screen display
expand Convert tabs to spaces
expr Evaluate expressions
f Display information about users
f77 FORTRAN 77 compiler
factor Factor numbers
false Force untrue condition
fgrep Scan data for fixed pattern
file Determine file type
find Locate files
finger Display user finger information
fix Remove SCCS delta, then edit earlier version
fmt Format text into single column paragraphs
fpsim Turn on/off floating point simulator
from Display whom mail is from
fsck Interactive file system check and repair program
fsdb Interactive file system debugger
ftp Interactive file transfer program
ftpd System file transfer protocol daemon
get Get copies of SCCS files
getopt Get command line options
getty Initialize terminal mode
graph Draw graphs
greek Extended character set filter
grep Scan data for pattern
help Display on-line help
hostid Display name of host system
hostname Display system name
icheck Check file system inode consistency
ifconfig Configure network interface parameters
inetd System Internet service daemon
info Display information about edited SCCS files
init System initialization program
iostat Display system I/O statistics
ipatch Interactive inode patch program
ipcrm Remove interprocess communication identifier
ipcs Display interprocess communication status
join Join file data
kill Send signal to process
l11 Macro-11 loader
labelit Create file system labels
last Display last login times
ld Link-edit (load) C programs
learn Computer-aided instruction about system
lex Generate lexical analysis programs
line Read one line from stdin
lint Verify C code
ln Create new directory entry (link)
login Log in
logins Enable user logins
look Find lines in sorted data
lookbib Lookup bibliographic references
lorder Find ordering relation for an object library
lpd System line printer daemon
lpdrestart Restart line printer daemon
lpq Display status of printer queue
lpr Submit jobs to line printer
lprm Remove jobs from printer queue
lprsetup Interactive line printer setup program
lpset Set line printer parameters
ls List and generate statistics for files
ltf Labeled Tape Facility (ANSI-compatible)
m11 Macro-11 assembler
m4 Macro preprocessor
mail Interactive mail program
mailq Display contents of mailq directory
make Maintain program groups
makekey Make new encryption key
man Display manual pages
mdtar Create multiple archives
memstat Display memory usage map
mesg Enable or disable messages
misd System miscellaneous services daemon
mkconf Create system configuration tables
mkdir Make directories
mkfs Make file system structures
mknod Make special files
mkstr Make message file from C program
mm Format text using nroff and mm macros
mmt Format text using troff and mm macros
more Display file data, a screen at a time
mount Mount file systems
msf Make special file
mt Send command file to tape drive
mv Rename or move files and directories
mvt Format text using troff and mv macros
ncheck Generate names from inumbers
neqn Format mathematical equations for the terminal
netsetup Interactive network setup program
netstat Display network status
newaliases Rebuild mail aliases file
newfs Construct a new file system
newgrp Change current group ID
nice Execute command at low priority
nl Display text with line numbers
nm Display program name list
nohup Execute command and ignore hangups
nologins Disable logins
nroff Format text
nu Interactive new user administration program
od Dump data
opser Interactive system maintenance program
osdd Format text using nroff and osdd macros
osload Load optional software
pack Compress file data
page Display file data, a screen at a time
passwd Change login password
paste Merge file data
pcat Concatenate compressed file data
pcc Portable C compiler
pi PASCAL interpreter
pix PASCAL interpreter and executor
plot Generate plotting instructions
pr Print and paginate data
prep Generate word list from file data
primes Generate prime numbers
print Paginate and print files
printenv Display environment variable settings
prof Display program profile data
prs Display information from SCCS files
prt Display changes made to SCCS files
ps Display process status statistics
pstat Display system status statistics
ptx Create permuted index
pwd Display current directory
px PASCAL executor
pxp PASCAL execution profiler
quot Display blocks owned by users
ranlib Convert archives to random libraries
rasize Display RA disk partition sizes
ratfor Use rational FORTRAN dialect
rawfs Extract files from pre-version 3.0 file systems
rcp Copy files between remote systems
rdate Set date and time to network date and time
red Restricted line-oriented text editor
refer Find or format bibliographic references
regcmp Compile regular expressions
renice Change process priority
reset Reset terminal mode
restor Restore file systems
rev Reverse characters
rexecd System rexec daemon
rlogin Log in to remote systems
rlogind System rlogin daemon
rm Remove (unlink) files
rmail Route mail to users on remote systems
rmdel Remove SCCS deltas
rmdir Remove (unlink) empty directories
roff Format text
route Administer network routing tables
routed System network routing daemon
rsh Execute command on remote system
rsh5 Restricted SYSTEM V command interpreter
rshd System rsh daemon
ruptime Display network status information
rwho Display who is logged in on network
rwhod System rwho daemon
rx2fmt Format RX02 floppy diskettes
s5make SYSTEM V version of make
sa Display system accounting statistics
sact Display SCCS delta and edit status
sccs Source Code Control System interface
sccsdiff Display differences between SCCS deltas
sccshelp Display information about SCCS error messages
script Create typescript of terminal session
sdiff Display differences in two-column listing
sed Edit text (noninteractive)
sendmail Mail routing program
sh Bourne shell command interpreter
sh5 SYSTEM V shell command interpreter
shutdown System shutdown procedures
size Display program sizes
sleep Suspend execution for specified time
sort Sort data
spell Check data for spelling errors
spline Draw smooth curve
split Split file into smaller pieces
strings Display ASCII strings from program
strip Remove symbols and relocation bits from program
struct Structure FORTRAN programs
stty Set terminal options
su Substitute user ID
sum Display program checksum
sync Update file systems
sysgen Interactive ULTRIX-11 kernel generation program
syslog Log datagram socket statistics
tabs Set terminal tabs
tail Display lines from file
talk Communicate with another user
talkd System talk daemon
tar Create multiple tape archives
tbl Format tables for nroff or troff
tc Simulate phototypesetter output
ted Interactive /etc/ttys file editor
tee Pipe output to terminal and files
tell Display names of edited SCCS files
telnet Interactive TELNET protocol program
telnetd System TELNET daemon
test Evaluate conditional expressions
tftp Interactive Trivial File Transfer Protocol program
tftpd System tftp daemon
time Display command execution times
tip Connect to remote systems
tk Paginate output for Tektronix 4014
touch Update file modification date
tp Archive files to/from tape
tr Translate data
troff Format text for phototypesetting
true Force true condition
tset Set terminal mode
tsort Generate topological sort
tss Display assigned TTY structures
tty Display terminal name
u Display name list of users logged in
ul Process underscores in data
ulf System lpd character filter
ulimit Limit maximum file size (built-in shell command)
umount Unmount file systems
uname Display current host name
unedit Undo SCCS edit command
unexpand Convert spaces to tabs
unget Undo SCCS get and edit commands
uniq Remove repeated lines from data
units Interactive units of measure conversion program
unpack Expand compressed file data
update File system update daemon
uptime Display system performance statistics
usat ULTRIX-11 system acceptance test program
usep ULTRIX-11 system exerciser package
users Display name list of users logged in
uucp Copy files from remote systems
uucpsetup Interactive uucp setup program
uulog Generate log summary for uucp and uux commands
uustat Control uucp jobs
uux Execute commands on remote systems
v7tar Create tape archive
val Validate SCCS files
vc SCCS Version control program
vi Interactive text editor with full-screen display
vipw Edit locked password file
volcopy Create file system image copy
w Display current user information
wait Suspend execution for signal
wall Write message to all users
wc Count characters, words, and lines in file
what Display ID keywords from SCCS files
whatis Display command title references
which Display which programs would be executed
who Display names and terminals for users logged in
whoami Display current login name
write Write message to another user
xstr Extract strings from C programs
yacc Generate parsing algorithms
zaptty Execute command without controlling terminal
TERM DESCRIPTION
command Command format
directory Directory and file
groupID Group ID number
home Home directory
inode File system inode
inumber File inumber
kernel ULTRIX-11 system kernel
link File link
mode File mode settings
multiuser Multiuser mode
password Login password
pid Process ID number
shell Login shell
singleuser Single-user mode
special Special file
stdin Standard I/O files:
stdin, stdout, and stderr
user User login name
userID User ID number
FILE DESCRIPTION
/etc/cshprofile System-level C shell profile
/etc/ddate System dump date history file
/etc/dgateway DECnet access facility file
/etc/fstab File systems table
/etc/gettytab Terminal configuration database
/etc/group System groups database
/etc/hosts Internet hosts database
/etc/hosts.equiv Internet host equivalents file
/etc/inetd.conf Internet daemon database
/etc/motd System message-of-the-day file
/etc/mtab Mounted file systems table
/etc/networks Internet networks database
/etc/passwd System login database
/etc/phones Remote hosts phone numbers database
/etc/printcap Printers capabilities database
/etc/profile System-level Bourne shell profile
/etc/protocols Internet protocols database
/etc/rc System multiuser startup file
/etc/remote Remote hosts database
/etc/services Internet services database
/etc/syslog.conf System syslog configuration file
/etc/termcap Terminal capabilities database
/etc/ttys Terminals initialization database
/etc/ttytype Terminal types database
/etc/utmp Current login database
/usr/adm/wtmp Login history database
/usr/lib/aliases Mail aliases database
/usr/lib/crontab System cron database
NUMBER NAME AND DESCRIPTION
1 EPERM -- Not owner
2 ENOENT -- No such file or directory
3 ESRCH -- No such process
4 EINTR -- Interrupted system call
5 EIO -- I/O error
6 ENXIO -- No such device or address
7 E2BIG -- Arg list too long
8 ENOEXEC -- Exec format error
9 EBADF -- Bad file number
10 ECHILD -- No children
11 EAGAIN -- No more processes
12 ENOMEM -- Not enough core
13 EACCES -- Permission denied
14 EFAULT -- Bad address
15 ENOTBLK -- Block device required
16 EBUSY -- Mount device busy
17 EEXIST -- File exists
18 EXDEV -- Cross-device link
19 ENODEV -- No such device
20 ENOTDIR -- Not a directory
21 EISDIR -- Is a directory
22 EINVAL -- Invalid argument
23 ENFILE -- File table overflow
24 EMFILE -- Too many open files
25 ENOTTY -- Not a typewriter
26 ETXTBSY -- Text file busy
27 EFBIG -- File too large
28 ENOSPC -- No space left on device
29 ESPIPE -- Illegal seek
30 EROFS -- Read-only file system
31 EMLINK -- Too many links
32 EPIPE -- Broken pipe
33 EDOM -- Argument too large
34 ERANGE -- Result too large
35 ETPL -- Tape position lost
36 ETOL -- Tape off-line
37 ETWL -- Tape write locked
38 ETO -- Tape already open
39 EDESTADDRREQ -- Destination address required
40 EMSGSIZE -- Message too long
41 EPROTOTYPE -- Protocol wrong type for socket
42 ENOPROTOOPT -- Protocol not available
43 EPROTONOSUPPORT -- Protocol not supported
44 ESOCKTNOSUPPORT -- Socket type not supported
45 EOPNOTSUPP -- Operation not supported
46 EPFNOSUPPORT -- Protocol family not supported
47 EAFNOSUPPORT -- Address family not supported
48 EADDRINUSE -- Address already in use
49 EADDRNOTAVAIL -- Can't assign requested address
50 ENETDOWN -- Network is down
51 ENETUNREACH -- Network is unreachable
52 ENETRESET -- Network dropped connection reset
53 ECONNABORTED -- Software caused connection abort
54 ECONNRESET -- Connection reset by peer
55 ENOBUFS -- No buffer space available
56 EISCONN -- Socket is already connected
57 ENOTCONN -- Socket is not connected
58 ESHUTDOWN -- Can't send after socket shutdown
59 ETOOMANYREFS -- Too many references
60 ETIMEDOUT -- Connection timed out
61 ECONNREFUSED -- Connection refused
62 ELOOP -- Too many levels--symbolic links
63 ENAMETOOLONG -- File name too long
64 EHOSTDOWN -- Host is down
65 EHOSTUNREACH -- No route to host
66 ENOTEMPTY -- Directory not empty
67 EPROCLIM -- Too many processes
68 EUSERS -- Too many users
69 EDQUOT -- Disc quota exceeded
70 EWOULDBLOCK -- Operation would block
71 EINPROGRESS -- Operation now in progress
72 EALREADY -- Operation already in progress
73 ENOTSOCK -- Socket operation on non-socket
74 ENOMSG -- No message of desired type
75 EIDRM -- Identifier removed
76 ECHRNG -- Channel number out of range
77 EL2NSYNC -- Level 2 not synchronized
78 EL3HLT -- Level 3 halted
79 EL3RST -- Level 3 reset
80 ELNRNG -- Link number out of range
81 EUNATCH -- Protocol driver not attached
82 ENOCSI -- No CSI structure available
83 EL2HLT -- Level 2 halted
84 EDEADLK -- Deadlock condition avoided
85 ENOLCK -- No locks available
86 EBADFS -- Bad file system superblock
For further help, select the appropriate COMMAND or KEY and type:
help COMMAND or KEY
-terms
You can access a summary for these ULTRIX-11 terms that
recur throughout the command summaries. These summaries
are intended to serve as an on-line glossary.
TERM KEY
Command format command
Directory and file directory
Group ID number groupID
Home directory home
File system inode inode
File inumber inumber
File link link
File mode settings mode
Login password password
Login shell shell
Multiuser mode multiuser
Process ID pid
Single-user mode singleuser
Special file special
Standard I/O files:
stdin, stdout, stderr stdin
ULTRIX-11 system kernel kernel
User ID number userID
User login name user
To display a summary, select the appropriate KEY and type:
help KEY
chog and chown (commands)
-welcome
Welcome to the ULTRIX-11 Help Facility. You can use the help
command to display on-line summaries of all ULTRIX-11 commands,
terms, system administrative files, and kernel error messages.
If you are unfamiliar with your ULTRIX-11 system, you can access
one or more menus to help you find the information that you
want. As you become more familiar with your ULTRIX-11 system,
you can access help information more easily and quickly. If you
already know what information you want, you can bypass any or all
menus and can access the specific summary directly.
For more detailed explanations of how to obtain help and how to
page through summaries, read the ULTRIX-11 Help Facility Overview.
To access the General Menu, type:
help menu
If you already know the command, term, system file, or message for
which you want help, specify the appropriate command or term name,
complete system file path name, or kernel error message number.