. \"ident "%W%" . \"Copyright (c) 1984 AT&T . \"All Rights Reserved . \"THIS IS UNPUBLISHED PROPRIETARY SOURCE CODE OF AT&T . \"The copyright notice above does not evidence any . \"actual or intended publication of such source code. .TH MANIP 3I+ "C++ Stream Library" " " .SH NAME manipulators \- iostream out of band manipulations .SH SYNOPSIS .ft B .ta1i 2i .nf #include <iostream.h> #include <iomanip.h> IOMANIPdeclare(T) ; class SMANIP(T) { SMANIP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T), T); }; class SAPP(T) { SAPP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T)); SMANIP(T) operator()(T); }; ios& SMANIP(T)::operator<<(ios&); ios& SMANIP(T)::operator>>(ios&); istream& SMANIP(T)::operator>>(istream&); ostream& SMANIP(T)::operator<<(ostream&); iostream& SMANIP(T)::operator<<(iostream&); iostream& SMANIP(T)::operator>>(iostream&); class IMANIP(T) { IMANIP(T)( istream& (*)(istream&,T), T); }; class IAPP(T) { IAPP(T)( istream& (*)(istream&,T)); IMANIP(T) operator()(T); }; istream& operator>>(IMANIP(T), istream&); class OMANIP(T) { OMANIP(T)( ostream& (*)(ostream&,T), T); }; class OAPP(T) { OAPP(T)( ostream& (*)(ostream&,T)); OMANIP(T) operator()(T); }; ostream& operator<<(OMANIP(T), ostream&); class IOMANIP(T) { IOMANIP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T), T); }; class IOAPP(T) { IOAPP(T)( ios& (*)(ios&,T)); IOMANIP(T) operator()(T); }; iostream& operator<<(SMANIP(T), iostream&); iostream& operator>>(SMANIP(T), iostream&); IOMANIPdeclare(int) ; IOMANIP(int) setbase(int b) ; IOMANIP(int) setw(int w) ; .fi .ft R .SH DESCRIPTION Manipulators are values that may be "inserted into" or "extracted from" streams in order to achieve some effect (other than to insert a representation of their value). Ideally the types relating to manipulators would be parameterized as "templates". The macros defined in \f(CWiomanip.h\fR are used to simulate a templates. \BIOMANIP(T)\fR declares the various classes and operators. (All code is declared as inlines so that no separate definitions are required.) Each of the other \fBT\fR is used to construct the real names and therefore must be a single identifer. Each of the other macros also requires an identifier and expands to a name. .br \(em \fBt\fR is a \fBT\fR. .br \(em \fBs\fR is an \f(CWios\fR. .br \(em \fBi\fR is an \f(CWistream\fR. .br \(em \fBo\fR is an \f(CWostream\fR. .br \(em \fBio\fR is an \f(CWiostream\fR. .br \(em \fBf\fR is an \f(CWios& (*)(ios&)\fR. .br \(em \fBif\fR is an \f(CWistream& (*)(istream&)\fR. .br \(em \fBof\fR is an \f(CWostream& (*)(ostream&)\fR. .br \(em \fBiof\fR is an \f(CWiostream& (*)(iostream&)\fR. .TP \fBs<<SMANIP(T)(f,t)\fR .nf .in -.5i \fBs<<SMANIP(T)(f,t)\fR \fBs>>SMANIP(T)(f,t)\fR \fBs<<SAPP(T)(f)(t)\fR \fBs>>SAPP(T)(f)(t)\fR \fBi>>SMANIP(T)(if,t)\fR \fBi>>SAPP(T)(if)(t)\fR \fBo<<SMANIP(T)(of,t)\fR \fBo<<SAPP(T)(of)(t)\fR \fBio<<SMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR \fBio>>SMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR \fBio<<SAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR \fBio>>SAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR .in .fi Returns \fBfct(s,t)\fR, where \fBs\fR is the left operand of the insertion or extractor operator and \fBfct\fR is \fBf\fR, \fBif\R, \fBof\fR or \fBiof\fR. .sp .nf .in -.5i \fBi>>IMANIP(T)(if,t)\fR \fBi>>IAPP(T)(if)(t)\fR .in .fi Return \fBif(i,t)\fR. .sp .nf .in -.5i \fBo<<OMANIP(T)(of,t)\fR \fBo<<OAPP(T)(of)(t)\fR .in .fi Return \fBof(i,t)\fR. .sp .nf .in -.5i \fBio<<IOMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR \fBio>>IOMANIP(T)(iof,t)\fR \fBio<<IOAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR \fBio>>IOAPP(T)(iof)(t)\fR .in .fi Return \fBiof(s,t)\fR. .PP \f(CWiomanip.h\fR contains a declaration, \f(CWIOMANIPdeclare(int)\fR and some functions: .sp .nf .in -.5i \fBo<<setbase(n)\fR \fBi>>setbase(n)\fR \fBio<<setbase(n)\fR \fBio>>setbase(n)\fR .in .fi Sets the conversion base of the stream (left hand operand) to \fBn\fR. .sp .nf .in -.5i \fBo<<setw(n)\fR \fBi>>setw(n)\fR \fBio<<setw(n)\fR \fBio>>setw(n)\fR .in .fi Sets the \f(CWwidth\fR format state variable the stream (left hand operand) to \fBn\fR. .SH CAVEATS Syntax errors will be reported if \fBIOMANIP(T)\fR occurs more than once in a file with the same \fBT\fR. .SH SEE ALSO ios(3C++) istream(3C++) ostream(3C++)