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1 pagesetup
12 B f
(The File Motel:)2 814 1 2653 1220 t
(An Owner's Manual)2 1074 1 2523 1360 t
10 R f
(Andrew G. Hume)2 728 1 2696 1600 t
10 I f
(AT&T Bell Laboratories)2 1001 1 2559 1780 t
(Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974)4 1300 1 2410 1900 t
10 R f
(ABSTRACT)2798 2172 w
( system for)2 462(The File Motel is an incremental user-level \256le backup)8 2255 2 1360 2406 t
9 R f
(UNIX)4108 2406 w
10 S f
(\322)4333 2406 w
10 R f
(systems. The)1 564 1 4446 2406 t
( for over two years with three)6 1264(\256rst version of the File Motel has been in successful operation)10 2636 2 1110 2526 t
( version supported only Ninth Edition)5 1589( \256rst)1 195( The)1 227(sites supporting about 50 systems.)4 1426 4 1110 2646 t
9 R f
(UNIX)4584 2646 w
10 R f
(sys-)4849 2646 w
( The)1 225(tems, although with only modest inconvenience \256les could be saved from Sun 3 clients.)13 3675 2 1110 2766 t
(second version of the File Motel is a complete reworking of the original system, emphasizing)14 3900 1 1110 2886 t
( to most)2 339(easy portability)1 628 2 1110 3006 t
9 R f
(UNIX)2107 3006 w
10 R f
( \256les are stored in a machine-independent form; as)8 2082(systems. The)1 563 2 2365 3006 t
( on a MIPS 120/5 that)5 971(an example, I have recovered a directory onto a Sun 3 from a server)13 2929 2 1110 3126 t
(had been originally saved from a Cray X/MP)7 1863 1 1110 3246 t
10 S1 f
(\261)2973 3246 w
10 R f
( interfaces have)2 641( user and administrative)3 984(24. The)1 347 3 3038 3246 t
(been streamlined, based on experience in the \256eld.)7 2071 1 1110 3366 t
( such as the)3 511( of the modules,)3 689( Most)1 279(The system has been restructured to look like a kit.)9 2171 4 1360 3532 t
( As)1 190( interface routines.)2 787(database, networking and media code, have been isolated via simple)9 2923 3 1110 3652 t
(with a kit, you may not \256nd exactly what you want, but it should be easy to roll your own.)19 3756 1 1110 3772 t
10 B f
( Overview)1 443(1. An)1 269 2 720 4044 t
10 R f
( [1], a)2 305(This is a manual for the File Motel)7 1629 2 970 4256 t
(backup system for)2 784 1 720 4376 t
9 R f
(UNIX)1552 4376 w
10 R f
( File Motel)2 495(systems. The)1 581 2 1828 4376 t
( system servicing many)3 1022(consists of a central server)4 1162 2 720 4496 t
( always)1 319( server system is almost)4 1027( The)1 231(client systems.)1 607 4 720 4616 t
( Motel saves only the)4 915( File)1 195( The)1 227(also a client system.)3 847 4 720 4736 t
(\256les that change on any given client system, using a)9 2184 1 720 4856 t
( saved)1 282(database to record what versions have been)6 1902 2 720 4976 t
( normal usage patterns,)3 959( Under)1 319(for any particular \256le.)3 906 3 720 5096 t
(this is on the order of 1)6 999 1 720 5216 t
10 S1 f
(\261)1719 5216 w
10 R f
( the user \256les on the)5 867(5% of)1 253 2 1784 5216 t
( over slow net-)3 656( makes backup practical)3 1024(client. This)1 504 3 720 5336 t
(works to slow backup media.)4 1200 1 720 5456 t
(The daily routine in the File Motel starts)7 1934 1 970 5668 t
( when the clients send copies of any)7 1509(around midnight)1 675 2 720 5788 t
( \256les to the server machine.)5 1153(new or recently modi\256ed)3 1031 2 720 5908 t
(After receiving the \256les from all the clients, a)8 2184 1 720 6028 t
( \256les)1 204(separate processing step transforms the received)5 1980 2 720 6148 t
(into backup copies, which are then written to the)8 2184 1 720 6268 t
(backup media of your choice \(typically, WORM)6 2184 1 720 6388 t
( and recovery can be performed by)6 1533(disks\). Backup)1 651 2 720 6508 t
(anyone with the appropriate permissions; in general,)6 2184 1 720 6628 t
( administrative overhead other than fuss-)5 1728(there is no)2 456 2 720 6748 t
(ing with backup media.)3 962 1 720 6868 t
( may be a little clearer with)6 1260(This description)1 674 2 970 7080 t
( description includes)2 909( following)1 456( The)1 255(some details.)1 564 4 720 7200 t
( numbers from our Center's File Motel;)6 1654(some sample)1 530 2 3216 4044 t
( step is a client send-)5 880( \256rst)1 191( The)1 223(other sites will differ.)3 890 4 3216 4164 t
( con\256gured for)2 625( shell script)2 491( A)1 145(ing \256les to the server.)4 923 4 3216 4284 t
( a list of \(say 5000\) candidates)6 1364(the client generates)2 820 2 3216 4404 t
( all the \256les changed in the last)7 1473(for backup \(say,)2 711 2 3216 4524 t
( server which returns a)4 944( list is sent to the)5 726(week\). This)1 514 3 3216 4644 t
( need to be)3 543(list of the \256les \(say 900\) that really)7 1641 2 3216 4764 t
( to)1 113( of these \256les is then transmitted)6 1360( Each)1 268(backed up.)1 443 4 3216 4884 t
( together with a header \(which includes a)7 1776(the server)1 408 2 3216 5004 t
( is sent taking)3 583( average, about 15MB)3 920(checksum\). \(On)1 681 3 3216 5124 t
( is an acknowledgement)3 1055( There)1 321( minutes.\))1 431(about 20)1 377 4 3216 5244 t
( allows graceful)2 669(from the server after every \256le; this)6 1515 2 3216 5364 t
( problems, such as)3 813(termination when the server has)4 1371 2 3216 5484 t
( redundancy in the candi-)4 1070( The)1 227( space.)1 285(running out of)2 602 4 3216 5604 t
( tran-)1 224(date list allows non-critical clients to cope with)7 1960 2 3216 5724 t
( broken network\) without)3 1150(sient faults \(such as a)4 1034 2 3216 5844 t
( and)1 185(administrative intervention by ignoring the fault)5 1999 2 3216 5964 t
( client pro-)2 462( The)1 225( following night.)2 694(getting the \256les the)3 803 4 3216 6084 t
( by the server)3 711(cess is normally initiated either)4 1473 2 3216 6204 t
( by)1 146(machine or)1 468 2 3216 6324 t
10 I f
(cron)3876 6324 w
10 R f
( the same mechan-)3 808(\(8\). Exactly)1 525 2 4067 6324 t
( only)1 249(ism is used for user-initiated backups; the)6 1935 2 3216 6444 t
( system backup is executed by)5 1307(difference is that the)3 877 2 3216 6564 t
( \(and thus has access to all the \256les on)9 1613(the super-user)1 571 2 3216 6684 t
(the client system\).)2 746 1 3216 6804 t
( the clients are kept in receiv-)6 1246(The \256les sent by)3 688 2 3466 6960 t
( each processed)2 667(ing areas each of 32 subdirectories,)5 1517 2 3216 7080 t
( the program)2 616( First,)1 320(in turn.)1 341 3 3216 7200 t
10 I f
(sweep)4571 7200 w
10 R f
(deletes any)1 499 1 4901 7200 t
( 609)1 3721(Research Tenth Edition)2 959 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 720 480 t
( a name)2 342(unnecessary \256les, assigns each backup copy)5 1842 2 720 840 t
( \256le's header\) and recalculates)4 1256(\(which is stored in the)4 928 2 720 960 t
( remaining \256les are fed to)5 1118( The)1 232(the \256le's checksum.)2 834 3 720 1080 t
10 I f
(dbupdate)720 1200 w
10 R f
(which deletes any unnecessary \256les and)5 1748 1 1156 1200 t
( in the database.)3 814(stores the version information)3 1370 2 720 1320 t
( moved to a staging)4 887(Finally, the surviving \256les are)4 1297 2 720 1440 t
(area for writing to the backup media.)6 1525 1 720 1560 t
( the backup copies to)4 935(The last step is writing)4 999 2 970 1719 t
( sup-)1 211( only medium currently)3 986( The)1 228(the backup media.)2 759 4 720 1839 t
( environment they)2 773( our)1 180( In)1 163(ported is a WORM disk.)4 1068 4 720 1959 t
( of their large capacity and)5 1256(are preferred because)2 928 2 720 2079 t
( get reliable jukeboxes \(automatic)4 1473(because you can)2 711 2 720 2199 t
( come in all sorts)4 747( jukeboxes)1 447( Optical)1 369(disk changers\).)1 621 4 720 2319 t
( our center has a SONY WDA 3000-10 with)8 1846(of sizes;)1 338 2 720 2439 t
( October)1 382(a total capacity of 164GB \(328GB after)6 1802 2 720 2559 t
(1989\).)720 2679 w
( File)1 217(There are many other programs in the)6 1717 2 970 2838 t
( intended for the user \(for example,)6 1644(Motel, some)1 540 2 720 2958 t
( the administrator)2 781(recovering \256les\), and others for)4 1403 2 720 3078 t
(\(usage statistics, backing up the database\).)5 1734 1 720 3198 t
(The rest of this manual is intended for the)8 1934 1 970 3357 t
( 2 details some)3 648( Section)1 375(caretaker of the File Motel.)4 1161 3 720 3477 t
(of the peculiar aspects of the File Motel that have)9 2184 1 720 3597 t
( you can survive)3 771(caused problems in the past; if)5 1413 2 720 3717 t
( the File Motel)3 706(these, then installing and running)4 1478 2 720 3837 t
( are incompatibilities, then)3 1099( there)1 236( If)1 136(ought to be easy.)3 713 4 720 3957 t
( Motel will require \(perhaps sub-)5 1437(installing the File)2 747 2 720 4077 t
( uses many small)3 797( File Motel)2 521( The)1 251(stantial\) work.)1 615 4 720 4197 t
( need to \256gure out what)5 1036(single-purpose tools; if you)3 1148 2 720 4317 t
( be\), these)2 453(is going on \(or wrong, as the case may)8 1731 2 720 4437 t
( 4 and 5)3 385( Sections)1 418(tools are described in Section 3.)5 1381 3 720 4557 t
( instructions for installing a client)5 1482(are step by step)3 702 2 720 4677 t
( Section 6 ela-)3 673( Finally,)1 400( server respectively.)2 866(and a)1 245 4 720 4797 t
(borates on media management.)3 1266 1 720 4917 t
10 B f
( Things You Should Know)4 1164(2. Some)1 374 2 720 5166 t
10 R f
( describes some of the assump-)5 1415(This section)1 519 2 970 5325 t
( the File Motel)3 661(tions underlying the construction of)4 1523 2 720 5445 t
( of these assumptions have caused)5 1522(software. Most)1 662 2 720 5565 t
( to systems less hospitable than)5 1353(problems in porting)2 831 2 720 5685 t
(10th Edition)1 506 1 720 5805 t
9 R f
(UNIX)1256 5805 w
10 R f
(\(or V10 for short\).)3 761 1 1514 5805 t
13 R f
(\267)852 5964 w
10 R f
(Each server has one global name space for all)8 1934 1 970 5964 t
( \256le)1 167( The)1 227( from all the clients.)4 858(the \256les saved)2 596 4 970 6084 t
10 I f
(z)2857 6084 w
10 R f
(from machine)1 575 1 970 6204 t
10 I f
(mach)1588 6204 w
10 R f
( name)1 260(is stored under the)3 789 2 1855 6204 t
10 I f
(/n/mach/z)970 6324 w
10 R f
( so happens that this is how V10)7 1381(. It)1 156 2 1367 6324 t
( mounted)1 398(networked \256le systems are normally)4 1536 2 970 6444 t
( \256le references actually go)4 1228(and in fact, all)3 706 2 970 6564 t
( other sys-)2 490( For)1 234(through this network name.)3 1210 3 970 6684 t
( de\256ne the)2 452(tems, you should)2 719 2 970 6804 t
10 CW f
(-DNO_NETNAME)2184 6804 w
10 R f
(switch as described in section 5.)5 1327 1 970 6924 t
13 R f
(\267)852 7083 w
10 R f
(All client)1 397 1 970 7083 t
10 S1 f
(\261)1367 7083 w
10 R f
( uses a uni-)3 521(service communication)1 951 2 1432 7083 t
( is, a system)3 555( That)1 263(form networking interface.)2 1116 3 970 7203 t
( and)1 190(invokes a service on the remote machine)6 1744 2 3466 840 t
( pair of \256le descriptors attached to the)7 1679(gets a)1 255 2 3466 960 t
( Both)1 322( service.)1 401(input and output of that)4 1211 3 3466 1080 t
( IPC are)2 373(Berkeley-style sockets and V10-style)3 1561 2 3466 1200 t
( the case of a single system)6 1285(supported. For)1 649 2 3466 1320 t
( and client and has no net-)6 1108(that is both a server)4 826 2 3466 1440 t
( an execution)2 574(working, you will have to write)5 1360 2 3466 1560 t
( the desired ser-)3 664(service that constructs pipes to)4 1270 2 3466 1680 t
( possible to provide this)4 1032( that it is)3 402(vices. Note)1 500 3 3466 1800 t
( have)1 229( you)1 224( all the networking)3 800(interface even if)2 681 4 3466 1920 t
( as)1 119(is a user program \(such)4 971 2 3466 2040 t
10 I f
(rx)4592 2040 w
10 R f
(or)4719 2040 w
10 I f
(rsh)4838 2040 w
10 R f
(\) that exe-)2 426 1 4974 2040 t
(cutes a program on another machine.)5 1514 1 3466 2160 t
13 R f
(\267)3348 2328 w
10 R f
(It must be possible to nominate the user that)8 1934 1 3466 2328 t
( reg-)1 194( run as a)3 365( Most)1 274(the remote service runs as.)4 1101 4 3466 2448 t
(ular user, say)2 575 1 3466 2568 t
10 I f
(fmdaemon)4089 2568 w
10 R f
( some must run)3 686(, but)1 201 2 4513 2568 t
( and on V10 systems, one must)6 1415(as superuser)1 519 2 3466 2688 t
(run as)1 249 1 3466 2808 t
10 I f
(bin)3748 2808 w
10 R f
(.)3884 2808 w
13 R f
(\267)3348 2976 w
10 R f
( is reasonably portable; with the)5 1519(The code)1 415 2 3466 2976 t
( \256les it runs on a Cray)6 1063(canned con\256guration)1 871 2 3466 3096 t
( 11/750, Microvax)2 785(X-MP/24 \(UNICOS\), VAX)2 1149 2 3466 3216 t
( \(V10, Ultrix,)2 660(II, 8550, 8600 and 11/780)4 1274 2 3466 3336 t
( 4.0\), MIPS M120/5,)3 906(4.3BSD\), Sun 3 \(SunOs)3 1028 2 3466 3456 t
( RISC/os 4.0\).)2 695(M2000 \(UMIPS 3.0, 3.10,)3 1239 2 3466 3576 t
( code, notably Ken Thompson's)4 1395(Some of the)2 539 2 3466 3696 t
( of)1 122(new version)1 500 2 3466 3816 t
10 CW f
(doprint)4127 3816 w
10 R f
(, makes assumptions)2 853 1 4547 3816 t
( far, the code)3 550( So)1 174( lists.)1 222(about variable argument)2 988 4 3466 3936 t
( to work on all the systems we)7 1360(has continued)1 574 2 3466 4056 t
( can't optimise on the)4 938(have tried \(although we)3 996 2 3466 4176 t
( hardware)1 411(MIPS\) but in this world of perverse)6 1523 2 3466 4296 t
(and compilers, you may not be so lucky.)7 1674 1 3466 4416 t
13 R f
(\267)3348 4584 w
10 R f
( no particular byte-ordering)3 1166(The code assumes)2 768 2 3466 4584 t
( that there is an integer type)6 1235(but does assume)2 699 2 3466 4704 t
( large, the programs)3 828( and)1 178( By)1 184(of at least 32 bits.)4 744 4 3466 4824 t
(allocate all data areas dynamically; whenever)5 1934 1 3466 4944 t
( space for)2 495(there is choice, programs trade)4 1439 2 3466 5064 t
( be at least 24)4 633(smaller runtime, so there must)4 1301 2 3466 5184 t
( have a 32 bit)4 710( you)1 217( If)1 166(bits of data space.)3 841 4 3466 5304 t
( 16 bit ints, you will have)6 1176(machine but have)2 758 2 3466 5424 t
(trouble \(perhaps)1 659 1 3466 5544 t
10 I f
(lint)4158 5544 w
10 R f
(will help\).)1 419 1 4333 5544 t
13 R f
(\267)3348 5712 w
10 R f
( medium can)2 592(It is assumed that the backup)5 1342 2 3466 5712 t
( and practically,)2 670(hold at least one backup copy)5 1264 2 3466 5832 t
( is)1 121( This)1 265( hold at least one volume.)5 1172(it should)1 376 4 3466 5952 t
( by default; if you have smaller)6 1404(about 20MB)1 530 2 3466 6072 t
( arrange better,)2 728(backup media and cannot)3 1206 2 3466 6192 t
( \320 it is a constant)5 895(change the volume size)3 1039 2 3466 6312 t
(de\256ned in)1 405 1 3466 6432 t
10 CW f
(fm/sweep.c)3904 6432 w
10 R f
(.)4504 6432 w
13 R f
(\267)3348 6600 w
10 R f
( \256le having a)3 570(The File Motel depends on each)5 1364 2 3466 6600 t
( to cause prob-)3 689( continue)1 403( This)1 270(unique name.)1 572 4 3466 6720 t
( the presence of symbolic)4 1096(lems, particularly in)2 838 2 3466 6840 t
( a system I use)4 824( example, on)2 633(links. For)1 477 3 3466 6960 t
10 CW f
(/usr/andrew)3466 7080 w
10 R f
(is a symbolic link)3 1114 1 4286 7080 t
10 CW f
(/usr2/guest/andrew)3466 7200 w
10 R f
( right thing to)3 599(. The)1 255 2 4546 7200 t
( Programmer's Manual)2 942(610 UNIX)1 3738 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 3887 480 t
(do is to save \256les under)5 1056 1 970 840 t
10 CW f
(/usr/andrew)2074 840 w
10 R f
(\(so)2782 840 w
( from \256lesystem to)3 846(that you can move them)4 1088 2 970 960 t
( the user)2 360( Yet,)1 238( name\).)1 310(\256lesystem and keep their)3 1026 4 970 1080 t
( this name; if they do a)6 1036(may not be aware of)4 898 2 970 1200 t
10 I f
(pwd)970 1320 w
10 R f
( wrong)1 324(to \256nd out, they will get the)6 1367 2 1213 1320 t
(answer.)970 1440 w
10 B f
( Detailed Description)2 915(3. A)1 213 2 720 2010 t
10 R f
( the File Motel can be function-)6 1373(The action in)2 561 2 970 2265 t
( client selecting and)3 916(ally divided into four areas:)4 1268 2 720 2385 t
( the server processing the)4 1078(sending \256les to the server,)4 1106 2 720 2505 t
(client \256les onto backup media, client recovering \256les)7 2184 1 720 2625 t
( an assortment of adminis-)4 1116(back from the server, and)4 1068 2 720 2745 t
(trative functions.)1 685 1 720 2865 t
( the File Motel)3 667(Programs and scripts used by)4 1267 2 970 3120 t
( three places:)2 606(live in)1 294 2 720 3240 t
10 CW f
(/usr/bin/backup)1685 3240 w
10 R f
(is the)1 254 1 2650 3240 t
(user interface,)1 601 1 720 3360 t
10 CW f
(/usr/lib/filemotel)1383 3360 w
10 R f
(holds all)1 379 1 2525 3360 t
(the programs and scripts used by clients, and)7 2184 1 720 3480 t
10 CW f
(/usr/filemotel/bin)720 3600 w
10 R f
( server-speci\256c)1 643(holds the)1 400 2 1861 3600 t
( are the conventional names \320)5 1444(programs. These)1 740 2 720 3720 t
( of this)2 328( Because)1 415( to taste.)2 386(they can be recon\256gured)3 1055 4 720 3840 t
(and their length, these abbreviations will be used in)8 2184 1 720 3960 t
(the following text:)2 755 1 720 4080 t
10 CW f
($FM /usr/filemotel)1 1170 1 1107 4425 t
($FB /usr/filemotel/bin)1 1410 1 1107 4545 t
($FL /usr/lib/filemotel)1 1410 1 1107 4665 t
10 B f
( Sends Files to the Server)5 1114(3.1. Client)1 477 2 720 5235 t
10 R f
(The controlling script here is)4 1934 1 970 5490 t
10 CW f
($FL/doclient)720 5610 w
10 R f
(:)1440 5610 w
8 CW f
(#!/bin/sh)1008 5925 w
($FL/sel | $FL/act)2 816 1 1008 6015 t
10 R f
(The selection script)2 850 1 720 6360 t
10 I f
(sel)1629 6360 w
10 R f
( generate a list of)4 827(has to)1 270 2 1807 6360 t
( can use any tools available)5 1160( You)1 244(absolute \256lenames.)1 780 3 720 6480 t
(to you; the File Motel supplies the program)7 1876 1 720 6600 t
10 I f
(fcheck)2642 6600 w
10 R f
(which is rather more ef\256cient than)5 1482 1 720 6720 t
10 I f
(\256nd)2249 6720 w
10 R f
( fol-)1 190(\(1\) and)1 307 2 2407 6720 t
( is to)2 237( This)1 257( are arguments.)2 654(lows symbolic links that)3 1036 4 720 6840 t
(help clients save \256les as)4 1200 1 720 6960 t
10 CW f
(/usr/andrew/...)2004 6960 w
10 R f
(rather than the less than informative)5 2184 1 720 7080 t
10 CW f
(/usr2/guest/andrew/...)720 7200 w
10 R f
( small)1 250(. A)1 163 2 2040 7200 t
10 I f
(sel)2486 7200 w
10 R f
(\256le is)1 228 1 2638 7200 t
8 CW f
(/usr/lib/filemotel/fcheck 512 7 /etc /usr/* |)5 2160 1 3216 810 t
(sed -e '/\\.o$/d)2 720 1 3216 900 t
(/\\/a\\.out$/d)3216 990 w
(/\\/core$/d)3216 1080 w
(/\\/foo$/d)3216 1170 w
(/^\\/usr\\/tmp\\//d)3216 1260 w
(/^\\/usr\\/spool\\//d')3216 1350 w
(cat <<EOF)1 432 1 3216 1440 t
(/unix)3216 1530 w
(EOF)3216 1620 w
10 R f
(The script)1 413 1 3466 1819 t
10 I f
(act)3915 1819 w
10 R f
( a straightforward way.)3 961(works in)1 358 2 4081 1819 t
( the input)2 436(First, the \256lenames are transformed into)5 1748 2 3216 1939 t
(format for)1 447 1 3216 2059 t
10 I f
(missing)3729 2059 w
10 R f
(by the program)2 692 1 4109 2059 t
10 I f
(iprint)4867 2059 w
10 R f
(. This)1 302 1 5098 2059 t
(prepends)3216 2179 w
10 CW f
(/n/)3615 2179 w
10 I f
(machine)3795 2179 w
10 R f
(to the \256lename \(unless this is)5 1229 1 4171 2179 t
( and appends the inode change time)6 1605(already there\))1 579 2 3216 2299 t
( an input)2 446( is a convention that)4 1001( There)1 339(and size.)1 398 4 3216 2419 t
(\256lename starting with a)3 983 1 3216 2539 t
10 CW f
(//)4238 2539 w
10 R f
( to be)2 252(is a symbolic link)3 751 2 4397 2539 t
(followed \(that is, use)3 904 1 3216 2659 t
10 I f
(stat)4167 2659 w
10 R f
( than)1 218(\(2\) rather)1 395 2 4320 2659 t
10 I f
(lstat)4979 2659 w
10 R f
(\(2\) to)1 240 1 5160 2659 t
( carried around so)3 750( size is)2 292( The)1 223(get the time and size\).)4 919 4 3216 2779 t
( choose a \256le because it is small and it)9 1727(that if you)2 457 2 3216 2899 t
( while you are asking about it,)6 1387(grows dramatically)1 797 2 3216 3019 t
( \(although this is not done)5 1127(you can reject it later on)5 1057 2 3216 3139 t
( cares yet\).)2 460(now because no one)3 842 2 3216 3259 t
10 I f
(Missing)4589 3259 w
10 R f
(takes these)1 448 1 4952 3259 t
( ships them to the corresponding server)6 1732(names and)1 452 2 3216 3379 t
10 I f
(missing)3216 3499 w
10 S f
(_)3522 3499 w
10 R f
( for a ser-)3 429( \(Servers)1 405( server machine.)2 686(on the)1 261 4 3619 3499 t
(vice)3216 3619 w
10 CW f
(abc)3437 3619 w
10 R f
(are called)1 413 1 3672 3619 t
10 CW f
(abc_)4139 3619 w
10 R f
(\).)4379 3619 w
10 I f
(Missing)4524 3619 w
10 S f
(_)4841 3619 w
10 R f
(checks the)1 447 1 4953 3619 t
( the database and sends)4 1107(name,time tuples against)2 1077 2 3216 3739 t
( that are newer than the entry in the)8 1589(back the lines)2 595 2 3216 3859 t
( in both directions are)4 1119(database. Transmissions)1 1065 2 3216 3979 t
( to standard)2 528(checksummed; any errors are reported)4 1656 2 3216 4099 t
( also logged in the log \256le on the server)9 1660(error and are)2 524 2 3216 4219 t
(machine.)3216 4339 w
(The results from)2 798 1 3466 4506 t
10 I f
(missing)4358 4506 w
10 R f
(are stored in)2 633 1 4767 4506 t
10 CW f
($FL/files.)3216 4626 w
10 I f
(day)3816 4626 w
10 R f
( are given to)3 529(. They)1 299 2 3960 4626 t
10 I f
(fmpush)4824 4626 w
10 R f
(which)5156 4626 w
( the backup system.)3 818(actually pushes them to)3 968 2 3216 4746 t
10 I f
(Fmpush)5070 4746 w
10 R f
( name argument for logging pur-)5 1376(also takes a system)3 808 2 3216 4866 t
( any errors,)2 507( there are)2 424(poses. If)1 398 3 3216 4986 t
10 I f
(fmpush)4598 4986 w
10 R f
(reports the)1 452 1 4948 4986 t
( This)1 280( the number of \256les transmitted.)5 1497(error and)1 407 3 3216 5106 t
(allows the push to be restarted ef\256ciently:)6 1718 1 3216 5226 t
8 CW f
($ pwd)1 240 1 3504 5395 t
($FL)3504 5485 w
($ fmpush wild < files.Tue)4 1200 1 3504 5575 t
(EOF after 2713 files sent.)4 1248 1 3504 5665 t
($ sed 1,2713d files.Tue | fmpush wild)6 1776 1 3504 5755 t
10 R f
( user)1 212(Any diagnostics are mailed to the)5 1440 2 3216 5954 t
10 I f
(backup)4914 5954 w
10 R f
(and)5256 5954 w
( in)1 157(also kept)1 413 2 3216 6074 t
10 CW f
($FL/files.)3865 6074 w
10 I f
(day)4465 6074 w
10 CW f
(.sho)4609 6074 w
10 R f
( is not)2 353(. It)1 198 2 4849 6074 t
( around after they have)4 991(necessary to keep these \256les)4 1193 2 3216 6194 t
( but they are relatively small and often)7 1756(been used)1 428 2 3216 6314 t
( who normally saves 100)4 1035(useful; for example, a client)4 1149 2 3216 6434 t
( \256les \320 you)3 555(or so \256les suddenly sends you 10,000)6 1629 2 3216 6554 t
( that client and check what the \256les)7 1469(can quickly go to)3 715 2 3216 6674 t
( possible, diagnostics are also logged on)6 1661(were. When)1 523 2 3216 6794 t
(the backup system.)2 779 1 3216 6914 t
( symbolic links and direc-)4 1154(Only regular \256les,)2 780 2 3466 7081 t
( saved; all other \256les \(such)5 1138(tories have their contents)3 1046 2 3216 7201 t
( 611)1 3721(Research Tenth Edition)2 959 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 720 480 t
(as devices\) just have their)4 1083 1 720 840 t
10 I f
(stat)1841 840 w
10 R f
( To)1 183( saved.)1 291(\(2\) buffers)1 436 3 1994 840 t
( content of a)3 616(preserve machine independence, the)3 1568 2 720 960 t
( element)1 350(directory is saved as a list of null-terminated)7 1834 2 720 1080 t
( the server to be)4 709( removes the need for)4 940(names. This)1 535 3 720 1200 t
( structure, although)2 810(able to guess a client's directory)5 1374 2 720 1320 t
( of subtle information)3 953(it does lose a small amount)5 1231 2 720 1440 t
(contained in the freed slots of the directory.)7 1797 1 720 1560 t
10 B f
( Processes Client's Files)3 1036(3.2. Server)1 498 2 720 1844 t
10 R f
(Received \256les are processed by the script)6 1934 1 970 2013 t
10 CW f
($FL/munge)720 2133 w
10 R f
( processing is decoupled from)4 1346(. This)1 298 2 1260 2133 t
(either receiving or restoring client \256les; for example,)7 2184 1 720 2253 t
( process \256les while receiving them.)5 1619(it is safe to)3 565 2 720 2373 t
(Munging is typically started by)4 1350 1 720 2493 t
10 I f
(cron)2120 2493 w
10 R f
( you can)2 390(, but)1 203 2 2311 2493 t
(also cause)1 430 1 720 2613 t
10 I f
(rcv)1197 2613 w
10 R f
(to invoke)1 397 1 1379 2613 t
10 I f
(munge)1823 2613 w
10 R f
(automatically, and)1 760 1 2144 2613 t
(you can invoke)2 722 1 720 2733 t
10 I f
(munge)1524 2733 w
10 R f
(manually by executing)2 1024 1 1880 2733 t
10 CW f
($FL/callmunge)720 2853 w
10 R f
(.)1500 2853 w
(Regardless of how it is called,)5 1339 1 970 3022 t
10 I f
(munge)2361 3022 w
10 R f
(scans)2688 3022 w
( subdirectories in each of the receiv-)6 1517(the 32 receiving)2 667 2 720 3142 t
(ing areas in)2 504 1 720 3262 t
10 CW f
($FM/adm/rcvdirs)1271 3262 w
10 R f
(looking for \256les)2 685 1 2219 3262 t
( a program whose)3 751( it \256nds any, it calls)5 854( If)1 138(to process.)1 441 4 720 3382 t
( supplied as)2 514(name is)1 328 2 720 3502 t
10 CW f
($PROCPERM)1608 3502 w
10 R f
(to copy the \256nal)3 710 1 2194 3502 t
( this)1 190( repeats)1 328( It)1 140(copies to the media of your choice.)6 1526 4 720 3622 t
( nothing to do during the last)6 1360(scan until it found)3 824 2 720 3742 t
(scan.)720 3862 w
( within a subdirectory is simple.)5 1473(The action)1 461 2 970 4031 t
10 CW f
($FB/sweep)720 4151 w
10 R f
(looks for \256les with mode)4 1056 1 1299 4151 t
10 CW f
(0)2394 4151 w
10 R f
(,)2454 4151 w
10 CW f
(0400)2518 4151 w
10 R f
(, or)1 146 1 2758 4151 t
10 CW f
(0600)720 4271 w
10 R f
(. Mode)1 325 1 960 4271 t
10 CW f
(0)1319 4271 w
10 R f
( being received)2 629(\256les are \256les that are)4 862 2 1413 4271 t
(\()720 4391 w
10 I f
(rcv)753 4391 w
10 R f
(marks a \256le as done by changing its mode to)9 1977 1 927 4391 t
10 CW f
(0600)720 4511 w
10 R f
(\) and are ignored unless it is hasn't been)8 1944 1 960 4511 t
( this latter case,)3 645( In)1 149(modi\256ed within the last 12 hours.)5 1390 3 720 4631 t
( as stale \(almost always a network con-)7 1643(it is regarded)2 541 2 720 4751 t
( Mode)1 324( and unlinked.)2 635(nection was dropped\))2 927 3 720 4871 t
10 CW f
(0400)2664 4871 w
10 R f
( been already processed by)4 1154(\256les have)1 399 2 720 4991 t
10 I f
(sweep)2318 4991 w
10 R f
(but for)1 289 1 2615 4991 t
( running out of space\))4 1048(some reason \(most often,)3 1136 2 720 5111 t
( Mode)1 328( area.)1 252(weren't copied to the backup)4 1302 3 720 5231 t
10 CW f
(0600)2664 5231 w
10 R f
( copy name and after)4 976(\256les are assigned a backup)4 1208 2 720 5351 t
( checksum are changed to mode)5 1482(recalculating the)1 702 2 720 5471 t
10 CW f
(0400)720 5591 w
10 R f
(.)960 5591 w
10 I f
(Sweep)1056 5591 w
10 R f
( names of all the \256les ready)6 1170(emits the)1 377 2 1357 5591 t
( is saved in)3 492(to be copied to the backup area and this)8 1692 2 720 5711 t
(a \256le.)1 237 1 720 5831 t
10 I f
(Munge)1030 5831 w
10 R f
( needed directories in)3 898(then makes any)2 651 2 1355 5831 t
( area that don't exist.)4 940(the backup)1 459 2 720 5951 t
10 CW f
($FB/fmmv)2202 5951 w
10 R f
(then)2732 5951 w
( backup area.)2 560(moves all the \256les to be copied to the)8 1624 2 720 6071 t
( the database with information from)5 1524(We then update)2 660 2 720 6191 t
(the \256les we just copied.)4 973 1 720 6311 t
(Updating the database is a two part process.)7 1934 1 970 6480 t
(Run)720 6600 w
10 CW f
($FB/updatef)936 6600 w
10 R f
( program)1 386(on the \256les \(use the)4 873 2 1645 6600 t
10 I f
(updatew)720 6720 w
10 R f
(for \256les on the WORM\) and then feed the)8 1797 1 1107 6720 t
(output to)1 368 1 720 6840 t
10 CW f
($FB/dbupdate)1122 6840 w
10 R f
( this way, we guaran-)4 888(. In)1 174 2 1842 6840 t
(tee that the database is purely a function of the)9 2184 1 720 6960 t
( lost between the)3 713(backed up \256les \(assuming none get)5 1471 2 720 7080 t
( input to)2 386( The)1 239(backup area and the backup media\).)5 1559 3 720 7200 t
10 I f
(dbupdate)3216 840 w
10 R f
( of backup \256le)3 691(is \(roughly\) a sequence)3 1048 2 3661 840 t
(headers and contents of backed up directories.)6 2184 1 3216 960 t
10 I f
(Dbupdate)3216 1080 w
10 R f
( \(described)1 467(updates the various databases)3 1262 2 3671 1080 t
( sometimes tries to unlink the backup)6 1704(below\) and)1 480 2 3216 1200 t
( the same)2 401( happens when two copies of)5 1221(copies. \(This)1 562 3 3216 1320 t
( receiving subdirectory.)2 993(\256le are in the same)4 846 2 3216 1440 t
10 I f
(Sweep)5137 1440 w
10 R f
( but when)2 456(happily copies both to the backup area)6 1728 2 3216 1560 t
10 I f
(dbupdate)3216 1680 w
10 R f
( update the main database for the)6 1451(goes to)1 307 2 3642 1680 t
( discovers it already has this copy)6 1522(second copy, it)2 662 2 3216 1800 t
( if)1 109( doesn't care)2 553( It)1 141(and so unlinks the second copy.)5 1381 4 3216 1920 t
( an attempt to be)4 722(the unlink fails because this is just)6 1462 2 3216 2040 t
( can fail)2 367(space ef\256cient and in any case, the unlink)7 1817 2 3216 2160 t
( has already been committed to the)6 1542(only if the \256le)3 642 2 3216 2280 t
(backup media.\))1 636 1 3216 2400 t
10 I f
(Dbupdate)3931 2400 w
10 R f
(also appends accounting)2 1020 1 4380 2400 t
( each \256le, containing the time)5 1322(statistics records for)2 862 2 3216 2520 t
( the size, the owner and the sys-)7 1401(the \256le was saved,)3 783 2 3216 2640 t
(tem name, to the \256le)4 851 1 3216 2760 t
10 CW f
($FM/stat.log)4100 2760 w
10 R f
(.)4820 2760 w
(After)3466 2929 w
10 I f
(munge)3726 2929 w
10 R f
( the receive)2 511(is \256nished scanning)2 839 2 4050 2929 t
( records generated by)3 894(areas, it processes the statistics)4 1290 2 3216 3049 t
10 I f
(dbupdate)3216 3169 w
10 R f
(by calling)1 413 1 3637 3169 t
10 CW f
($FB/procstats)4091 3169 w
10 R f
( reads)1 252(. This)1 277 2 4871 3169 t
( truncates\))1 431(\(and then)1 388 2 3216 3289 t
10 CW f
($FM/stat.log)4073 3289 w
10 R f
(and adds new)2 569 1 4831 3289 t
(records to the \256les)3 912 1 3216 3409 t
10 CW f
($FM/stat/)4213 3409 w
10 I f
(system)4753 3409 w
10 R f
(. These)1 381 1 5019 3409 t
( machine independent format and have)5 1614(records are in)2 570 2 3216 3529 t
( to refer to all the \256les per user/day)8 1573(been collapsed)1 611 2 3216 3649 t
( this compressed format, the)4 1237( in)1 131(combination. Even)1 816 3 3216 3769 t
(statistics records would grow without bound.)5 2184 1 3216 3889 t
(Accordingly,)3216 4009 w
10 I f
(munge)3828 4009 w
10 R f
(calls)4190 4009 w
10 CW f
(procstats -c)1 774 1 4461 4009 t
10 R f
(to)5322 4009 w
( older than 30)3 579(further collapse together all the records)5 1605 2 3216 4129 t
( number 30 comes from the)5 1151( \(The)1 256(days for each user.)3 777 3 3216 4249 t
(only program that looks at these statistics,)6 1782 1 3216 4369 t
10 CW f
(backup)5040 4369 w
(stats)3216 4489 w
10 R f
(.\))3516 4489 w
(Throughout its work,)2 863 1 3466 4658 t
10 I f
(munge)4363 4658 w
10 R f
(checks to see if it)4 729 1 4671 4658 t
( guard \256le;)2 449(should exit by checking the existence of a)7 1735 2 3216 4778 t
(this is created by)3 698 1 3216 4898 t
10 CW f
($FB/stopmunge)3947 4898 w
10 R f
(.)4727 4898 w
10 B f
( Databases on the Server)4 1086(3.3. The)1 383 2 3216 5182 t
10 R f
( the server,)2 488(There are three databases kept on)5 1446 2 3466 5351 t
(all conventionally kept in)3 1187 1 3216 5471 t
10 CW f
($FM/db)4484 5471 w
10 R f
( \256rst,)1 262(. The)1 294 2 4844 5471 t
10 CW f
(filemap)3216 5591 w
10 R f
( and only required database; it)5 1251(, is the main)3 513 2 3636 5591 t
( from \256lename to last modify)5 1254(contains the mappings)2 930 2 3216 5711 t
( to)1 152(date and from \(\256lename, modify date\) tuple)6 2032 2 3216 5831 t
( second,)1 355( The)1 241(backup copy name.)2 829 3 3216 5951 t
10 CW f
(dir)4694 5951 w
10 R f
(, is optional)2 526 1 4874 5951 t
( tuples to their)3 683(and maps \(directory, modify date\))4 1501 2 3216 6071 t
( is used to make recovery of \256le trees go)9 1697(contents. It)1 487 2 3216 6191 t
( third,)1 258( The)1 232(\(much\) faster.)1 578 3 3216 6311 t
10 CW f
(fs)4328 6311 w
10 R f
( maps)1 256(, is optional and)3 696 2 4448 6311 t
(\(\256lename, modify date\) tuples to their)5 1630 1 3216 6431 t
10 I f
(stat)4893 6431 w
10 R f
(buffers.)5093 6431 w
(It is used to implement the backup \256le system.)8 1922 1 3216 6551 t
( implementation of these databases)4 1462(The default)1 472 2 3466 6720 t
( Weinberger's compressed B-trees \(see)4 1821(is Peter)1 363 2 3216 6840 t
10 I f
(cbt)3216 6960 w
10 R f
( compression refers to eliding common)5 1622(\(1\)\). \(The)1 432 2 3346 6960 t
( successive keys; it does very well on the)8 1746(pre\256xes of)1 438 2 3216 7080 t
( The)1 236( the File Motel.\))3 719(pathnames used by)2 804 3 3216 7200 t
10 I f
(cbt)5023 7200 w
10 R f
(data-)5201 7200 w
( Programmer's Manual)2 942(612 UNIX)1 3738 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 3887 480 t
(base)720 840 w
10 I f
(db)946 840 w
10 R f
(consists of two \256les,)3 889 1 1103 840 t
10 I f
(db)2040 840 w
10 CW f
(.T)2140 840 w
10 R f
(\(the tree part\))2 588 1 2316 840 t
(and)720 960 w
10 I f
(db)897 960 w
10 CW f
(.F)997 960 w
10 R f
( the)1 155( As)1 177(\(the data part\).)2 600 3 1158 960 t
10 I f
(cbt)2123 960 w
10 R f
(routines do not)2 618 1 2286 960 t
(reclaim space, the)2 735 1 720 1080 t
10 CW f
(.T)1489 1080 w
10 R f
(\256le can start growing at a very)6 1262 1 1642 1080 t
( four levels\).)2 573(fast rate when the tree is large \(say)7 1611 2 720 1200 t
( so there is)3 511(This has proved to be a real nuisance)7 1673 2 720 1320 t
( of the)2 317(considerable support for periodic squashing)4 1867 2 720 1440 t
(database \(which reclaims space by rebuilding the)6 2184 1 720 1560 t
( the)1 161(database\) and for supporting)3 1178 2 720 1680 t
10 I f
(\256lemap)2098 1680 w
10 R f
(database as)1 465 1 2439 1680 t
(a collection of separate databases.)4 1386 1 720 1800 t
( is intended to be used in the follow-)8 1540(The latter)1 394 2 970 2071 t
( \256le)1 163( The)1 223(ing way.)1 354 3 720 2191 t
10 CW f
($FM/db/filemap)1495 2191 w
10 R f
(is always the)2 534 1 2370 2191 t
(current)720 2311 w
10 I f
(\256lemap)1178 2311 w
10 R f
( the \256le)2 604(database. If)1 644 2 1656 2311 t
10 CW f
($FM/db/filemaplist)720 2431 w
10 R f
( taken as a list)4 614(exists, it is)2 452 2 1838 2431 t
( one per line in oldest to newest)7 1394(of database names,)2 790 2 720 2551 t
(order, to be used in addition to)6 1284 1 720 2671 t
10 CW f
($FM/db/filemap)2039 2671 w
10 R f
(.)2879 2671 w
( our site,)2 369( At)1 168(These are searched only, never updated.)5 1647 3 720 2791 t
( about every)2 535(we produce one of these databases for)6 1649 2 720 2911 t
(15)720 3031 w
10 S1 f
(\261)820 3031 w
10 R f
(16GB of backup \256les.)3 901 1 885 3031 t
10 B f
( Sends Files to the Client)5 1093(3.4. Server)1 498 2 720 3657 t
10 R f
( central)1 339(All requests for \256les go through a)6 1595 2 970 3928 t
(server)720 4048 w
10 CW f
($FB/fetch_)1017 4048 w
10 R f
( program simply farms)3 997(. This)1 290 2 1617 4048 t
(out work to other programs.)4 1166 1 720 4168 t
10 I f
(Fetchf)1956 4168 w
10 R f
( \256nd)1 194(attempts to)1 454 2 2256 4168 t
( are still under)3 712(\256les that)1 389 2 720 4288 t
10 CW f
($FM/v)1892 4288 w
10 R f
( with)1 249(. Systems)1 463 2 2192 4288 t
( storage can leave the backup copies)6 1565(plenty of mass)2 619 2 720 4408 t
( the \256les)2 391( For)1 223(online and things will go quite fast.)6 1570 3 720 4528 t
(that)720 4648 w
10 I f
(fetchf)977 4648 w
10 R f
(can't \256nd,)1 488 1 1315 4648 t
10 I f
(fetch)1911 4648 w
10 S f
(_)2105 4648 w
10 R f
(looks in the)2 633 1 2271 4648 t
(con\256guration \256le \()2 846 1 720 4768 t
10 CW f
($FL/conf)1566 4768 w
10 R f
( determine the)2 671(\) to)1 187 2 2046 4768 t
(backup media \(say)2 818 1 720 4888 t
10 CW f
(j)1598 4888 w
10 R f
( calls)1 244( then)1 232( It)1 154(for jukebox\).)1 556 4 1718 4888 t
10 CW f
($FB/fetchj)720 5008 w
10 R f
( If)1 163( \256lenames.)1 472(with the appropriate)2 884 3 1385 5008 t
( you should use)3 760(you just have a WORM drive,)5 1424 2 720 5128 t
10 CW f
($FB/fetchw)720 5248 w
10 R f
( purport)1 330( two programs)2 601(instead. These)1 616 3 1357 5248 t
( single drives;)2 579(to be generic drivers for jukeboxes and)6 1605 2 720 5368 t
( media \(say an Exabyte tape\),)5 1295(if you have different)3 889 2 720 5488 t
( drivers with)2 547(you should be able simply to load the)7 1637 2 720 5608 t
(your media library to generate the appropriate fetch)7 2184 1 720 5728 t
( below in the sec-)4 788( details are given)3 739(program. More)1 657 3 720 5848 t
(tion on media management.)3 1134 1 720 5968 t
(Users can generally access any \256les they have)7 1934 1 970 6239 t
( for, regardless of what system they)6 1530(read permission)1 654 2 720 6359 t
( \256les were)2 486(are on or the system from which the)7 1698 2 720 6479 t
( addition, we trust our users \(or more)7 1537( In)1 150(stored from.)1 497 3 720 6599 t
( no checking)2 534(importantly, our network\) and so we do)6 1650 2 720 6719 t
( checking,)1 439( Such)1 287(of a user's right to retrieve \256les.)6 1458 3 720 6839 t
( to the)2 328(such as a password, can easily be added)7 1856 2 720 6959 t
( between the program the user calls)6 1533(startup protocol)1 651 2 720 7079 t
(\()720 7199 w
10 CW f
($FL/fetch)753 7199 w
10 R f
(\) and the server \()4 707 1 1293 7199 t
10 CW f
($FB/fetch_)2000 7199 w
10 R f
(\).)2600 7199 w
10 B f
(3.5. Administrivia)1 811 1 3216 840 t
10 R f
( odds)1 229(This section is a bunch of administrative)6 1705 2 3466 1003 t
( we organise the File Motel in)6 1289(and ends for the way)4 895 2 3216 1123 t
( details may be different, and)5 1384( Your)1 307(our Center.)1 493 3 3216 1243 t
( but the examples)3 732(indeed ours may change over time,)5 1452 2 3216 1363 t
(are probably helpful.)2 850 1 3216 1483 t
10 B f
( Layout)1 339(3.5.1. File)1 452 2 3216 1746 t
10 R f
( File Motel under the directory)5 1374(We store the)2 560 2 3466 1909 t
10 CW f
(/usr/backup)3216 2029 w
10 R f
(, which is a \256le system large enough)7 1524 1 3876 2029 t
( current databases and a)4 1120(to hold comfortably the)3 1064 2 3216 2149 t
( receiving)1 406( The)1 223( on this later\).)3 585(squashed version \(more)2 970 4 3216 2269 t
( \256le system \(about 120MB\))4 1184(area is another smallish)3 1000 2 3216 2389 t
(mounted on)1 503 1 3216 2509 t
10 CW f
(/usr/backup/rcv)3772 2509 w
10 R f
(and the holding)2 676 1 4724 2509 t
(area)3216 2629 w
10 CW f
(/usr/backup/v)3418 2629 w
10 R f
( system of the)3 597(is another \256le)2 568 2 4235 2629 t
( isolate the effects of)4 959( is done to)3 513( This)1 269(same size.)1 443 4 3216 2749 t
( know how)2 476(client excesses; the sending processes all)5 1708 2 3216 2869 t
( out of space \(we practice)5 1241(to deal with running)3 943 2 3216 2989 t
( month)1 298( regard running out of space once a)7 1516(often\). I)1 370 3 3216 3109 t
( aid)1 185( To)1 207(as tolerable; once a week is too much.)7 1792 3 3216 3229 t
( \256le)1 306(searches for \256les, we keep a)5 1878 2 3216 3349 t
(\()3216 3469 w
10 CW f
(/usr/backup/filenames)3249 3469 w
10 R f
( a sorted)2 404(\), which is)2 487 2 4509 3469 t
( by the data-)3 532( is maintained)2 583( This)1 247(list of all \256lenames.)3 822 4 3216 3589 t
(base squasher.)1 584 1 3216 3709 t
( to Weinberger's B-tree)3 1064(The main drawback)2 870 2 3466 3872 t
( does not reclaim space in the tree.)7 1457(software is that it)3 727 2 3216 3992 t
( tree \256le gets huge \(the rate)6 1302(Thus, over time the)3 882 2 3216 4112 t
( \256x is to period-)4 675( The)1 222(grows as the depth of the tree\).)6 1287 3 3216 4232 t
( combine this with dump-)4 1076( We)1 208( the tree.)2 370(ically squash)1 530 4 3216 4352 t
( to WORM disk in the script)6 1439(ing the database)2 745 2 3216 4472 t
10 CW f
($FM/bin/backupdb)3216 4592 w
10 R f
(.)4176 4592 w
10 B f
( to the Clients)3 615(3.5.2. Talking)1 626 2 3216 4855 t
10 R f
( best to call the clients rather)6 1214(We have found it)3 720 2 3466 5018 t
( seems more bal-)3 736( load)1 217( The)1 233(than have them call us.)4 998 4 3216 5138 t
( use)1 172( We)1 210( things get done sooner.)4 1008(anced and)1 414 4 3216 5258 t
10 I f
(mk)5059 5258 w
10 R f
(as it)1 178 1 5222 5258 t
(handles parallel processing; a typical mk\256le is)6 1896 1 3216 5378 t
8 CW f
(B=/usr/backup/bin)3216 5539 w
(CLIENTS=Cwild C3k Ctcp!tempel)2 1392 1 3216 5629 t
(NPROC=3)3216 5719 w
(clients:VQ: $CLIENTS)1 1152 1 3216 5899 t
(PROCPERM=$B/toworm $B/munge)1 1296 1 3600 5989 t
(munge:V:)3216 6169 w
(PROCPERM=$B/toworm $B/munge x)2 1392 1 3600 6259 t
(C%:VQ:)3216 6439 w
(set +e; $B/callclient $stem; exit 0)5 1680 1 3600 6529 t
10 R f
(Understanding this completely requires familiarity)4 2184 1 3216 6720 t
(with)3216 6840 w
10 I f
(mk)3429 6840 w
10 R f
( \256rst get the \256les)4 703( We)1 206(but the intent is clear.)4 903 3 3588 6840 t
(from the clients by the)4 1019 1 3216 6960 t
10 CW f
(C%)4290 6960 w
10 R f
(rule and then process)3 935 1 4465 6960 t
(them by)1 344 1 3216 7080 t
10 CW f
(munge)3604 7080 w
10 R f
(and then put them out on WORM)6 1452 1 3948 7080 t
(disk by)1 312 1 3216 7200 t
10 CW f
(toworm)3573 7200 w
10 R f
( use Datakit, most clients)4 1092( we)1 161(. As)1 214 3 3933 7200 t
( 613)1 3721(Research Tenth Edition)2 959 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 720 480 t
( Datakit but some \(like)4 992(are called using)2 666 2 720 840 t
10 CW f
(tempel)2422 840 w
10 R f
(in)2826 840 w
( con-)1 246( This)1 280(the mk\256le\) are called using TCP/IP.)5 1658 3 720 960 t
( of magic works on V9 because of)7 1618(venient piece)1 566 2 720 1080 t
( of the IPC system;)4 899(Dave Presotto's clever design)3 1285 2 720 1200 t
( The)1 224( have to work harder.)4 894(you may)1 359 3 720 1320 t
10 CW f
(set)2233 1320 w
10 R f
(stuff in the)2 455 1 2449 1320 t
10 CW f
(C%)720 1440 w
10 R f
( on processing even if a client)6 1252(rule means to keep)3 778 2 874 1440 t
( entry in)2 413( The)1 253(gets an error.)2 603 3 720 1560 t
10 CW f
(/etc/crontab)2053 1560 w
10 R f
(is)2837 1560 w
(more or less)2 504 1 720 1680 t
8 CW f
(eval "cd /usr/backup/adm; mk clients 2>&1" |\\)6 2160 1 720 1990 t
(mail backup)1 528 1 720 2080 t
10 R f
(We use the)2 509 1 720 2420 t
10 CW f
(backup)1287 2420 w
10 R f
( to)1 137(mailbox to redirect mail)3 1062 2 1705 2420 t
(someone appropriate.)1 867 1 720 2540 t
10 B f
(3.6. Disasters)1 604 1 720 3097 t
10 R f
( that)1 197(Currently, the only disaster we have had)6 1737 2 970 3349 t
( result of a kernel bug is running out of)9 1697(was not the)2 487 2 720 3469 t
( Run-)1 270( is either inconvenient or quite bad.)6 1484(space; this)1 430 3 720 3589 t
( is)1 115(ning out of space in the receiving or safe areas)9 2069 2 720 3709 t
( the client's)2 528( default,)1 357( By)1 205(just inconvenient.)1 741 4 720 3829 t
10 I f
(fmpush)2607 3829 w
10 R f
( area runs out of space after)6 1161(stops when the receiving)3 1023 2 720 3949 t
( is)1 136( This)1 280( \256les got transmitted.)3 977(saying how many)2 791 4 720 4069 t
( to resend the rest when con-)6 1357(enough information)1 827 2 720 4189 t
( you can change)3 675(venient. Alternatively,)1 939 2 720 4309 t
10 CW f
($FL/act)2370 4309 w
10 R f
(to)2826 4309 w
(give)720 4429 w
10 I f
(fmpush)927 4429 w
10 R f
(the)1259 4429 w
10 CW f
(-r)1416 4429 w
10 R f
( means that it will retry)5 975(\257ag; this)1 358 2 1571 4429 t
( every hour or so until it succeeds.)7 1643(sending \256les)1 541 2 720 4549 t
(Running out of space in the holding area is also not)10 2184 1 720 4669 t
(too bad; eventually)2 794 1 720 4789 t
10 I f
(munge)1553 4789 w
10 R f
(will put the holding area)4 1037 1 1867 4789 t
( backup media and then cycle through the)7 1834(onto the)1 350 2 720 4909 t
(receiving area again.)2 843 1 720 5029 t
( of running out of space is)6 1223(The worst effect)2 711 2 970 5281 t
( happens rarely for us)4 956( \(This)1 292(ruining your database.)2 936 3 720 5401 t
( on a \256lesystem aprt from)5 1114(as we keep our databases)4 1070 2 720 5521 t
( the data-)2 439( Rebuilding)1 537( areas.\))1 321(the receiving/holding)1 887 4 720 5641 t
( out the next backup)4 862( \256nd)1 193( First,)1 279(base is not too hard.)4 850 4 720 5761 t
( a)1 91(name to be assigned \(by)4 1057 2 720 5881 t
10 CW f
(sweep -n)1 494 1 1915 5881 t
10 R f
(or by exa-)2 448 1 2456 5881 t
( Then,)1 302( media and holding areas\).)4 1112(mining the backup)2 770 3 720 6001 t
( backup copy of your database)5 1346(get the most recent)3 838 2 720 6121 t
( name you found)3 725( the next backup)3 705( Set)1 202(and install it.)2 552 4 720 6241 t
(in the \256rst step with)4 847 1 720 6361 t
10 CW f
(sweep -s)1 484 1 1604 6361 t
10 R f
( then need to)3 549(. You)1 267 2 2088 6361 t
( for each \256le added)4 844(extract the database information)3 1340 2 720 6481 t
( copy of the data-)4 786(to the database since the backup)5 1398 2 720 6601 t
( is stored in)3 521( starting \256le name)3 773( The)1 231(base was made.)2 659 4 720 6721 t
(the)720 6841 w
10 CW f
(.N)875 6841 w
10 R f
(\256le by)1 261 1 1028 6841 t
10 I f
(backupdb)1322 6841 w
10 R f
( program)1 371(. The)1 246 2 1718 6841 t
10 I f
(updatew)2368 6841 w
10 R f
(will)2748 6841 w
( from a WORM, and)4 893(extract this)1 456 2 720 6961 t
10 I f
(updatef)2110 6961 w
10 R f
(from regu-)1 445 1 2459 6961 t
( result is fed to)4 646( The)1 226( \256les.)1 230(lar disk)1 311 4 720 7081 t
10 I f
(dbupdate)2171 7081 w
10 R f
(as done)1 315 1 2589 7081 t
(in)720 7201 w
10 I f
(munge)831 7201 w
10 R f
(.)1105 7201 w
10 B f
( the File Motel on a Client System)7 1496(4. Installing)1 548 2 3216 840 t
10 R f
( have)1 247(The following instructions assume you)4 1687 2 3466 1010 t
(the source)1 575 1 3216 1130 t
10 CW f
(fm.cpio)3984 1130 w
10 R f
(somewhere, say)1 804 1 4596 1130 t
10 CW f
(/tmp/fm.cpio)3216 1250 w
10 R f
( also that these instructions)4 1167(. Note)1 297 2 3936 1250 t
( over time; you must follow the online)7 1697(will change)1 487 2 3216 1370 t
(copy of this document included with the source.)7 1976 1 3216 1490 t
( version 3 of)3 532( will need)2 412([1] You)1 422 3 3216 1660 t
10 I f
(mk)4617 1660 w
10 R f
(\(or any version)2 624 1 4776 1660 t
(dated later than Mar 11, 1989\).)5 1279 1 3466 1780 t
( source, set the)3 629( the root directory for the)5 1061([2] Select)1 494 3 3216 1950 t
(environment variable)1 872 1 3466 2070 t
10 CW f
(FMSRC)4384 2070 w
10 R f
( and)1 189(to its name)2 481 2 4730 2070 t
(export)3466 2190 w
10 CW f
(FMSRC)3754 2190 w
10 R f
( example,)1 396(. For)1 230 2 4054 2190 t
8 CW f
(FMSRC=/usr/filemotel/src)3504 2364 w
(export FMSRC)1 576 1 3504 2454 t
10 R f
( the source tree by)4 763([3] Install)1 500 2 3216 2658 t
8 CW f
(cd $FMSRC/..; cpio -iudc < /tmp/fm.cpio)5 1872 1 3504 2832 t
10 R f
( a)1 90([4] Create)1 510 2 3216 3036 t
10 CW f
(CONF)3862 3036 w
10 R f
( describes your ins-)3 842(\256le. This)1 410 2 4148 3036 t
( included in)2 608(tallation environment and is)3 1326 2 3466 3156 t
( various switches are)3 888( The)1 230(lower-level mk\256les.)1 816 3 3466 3276 t
( below; however, the easiest)4 1176(described in detail)2 758 2 3466 3396 t
( sample)1 364(way is to start with one of the)7 1570 2 3466 3516 t
( the directory)2 818(con\256guration \256les in)2 1116 2 3466 3636 t
10 CW f
($FMSRC/conf)3466 3756 w
10 R f
(.)4126 3756 w
( necessary, create the repository for client)6 1868([5] If)1 316 2 3216 3926 t
(\256les:)3466 4046 w
8 CW f
(mkdir /usr/lib/filemotel)1 1152 1 3504 4220 t
10 R f
(\(this is con\256gurable, see)3 1004 1 3466 4424 t
10 CW f
(FMLIB)4507 4424 w
10 R f
(below\) and if)2 556 1 4844 4424 t
(you have not de\256ned)3 877 1 3466 4544 t
10 CW f
(NO_NETNAME)4381 4544 w
10 R f
(in)5019 4544 w
10 CW f
(CONF)5135 4544 w
10 R f
(,)5375 4544 w
(ensure that)1 443 1 3466 4664 t
10 CW f
(/n/clientname)3942 4664 w
10 R f
(is a link to)3 444 1 4755 4664 t
10 CW f
(/)5232 4664 w
10 R f
(.)5292 4664 w
( the source tree for compiling by)6 1351([6] Initialise)1 600 2 3216 4834 t
8 CW f
(mk depend)1 432 1 3504 5008 t
10 R f
( you have)2 414( If)1 136(This only needs to be done once.)6 1384 3 3466 5212 t
(to repeat, you can undo this by)6 1277 1 3466 5332 t
8 CW f
(mk undepend)1 528 1 3504 5506 t
10 R f
( and install the client software by)6 1374([7] Compile)1 595 2 3216 5710 t
8 CW f
(mk client)1 432 1 3504 5884 t
10 R f
( as you like.)3 594(This can be repeated as often)5 1340 2 3466 6088 t
( in)1 144(Only \256les)1 434 2 3466 6208 t
10 CW f
(/usr/lib/filemotel)4110 6208 w
10 R f
(and)5256 6208 w
(the \256le)1 416 1 3466 6328 t
10 CW f
(/usr/bin/fm)4048 6328 w
10 R f
(\(these are)1 526 1 4874 6328 t
(con\256gurable, see)1 684 1 3466 6448 t
10 CW f
(FMBIN)4183 6448 w
10 R f
(below\) are affected.)2 809 1 4516 6448 t
( up the dialstring of the server system by)8 1690([8] Setup)1 478 2 3216 6618 t
8 CW f
(echo server-machine-name > \\)3 1344 1 3504 6792 t
(/usr/lib/filemotel/conf)3888 6882 w
10 R f
( you)1 197(The name should match the type of IPC)7 1737 2 3466 7086 t
(selected in)1 432 1 3466 7206 t
10 CW f
(CONF)3931 7206 w
10 R f
( example,)1 396(. For)1 230 2 4171 7206 t
( Programmer's Manual)2 942(614 UNIX)1 3738 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 3887 480 t
(IPC Example)1 1182 1 1154 840 t
(Datakit)1085 960 w
10 CW f
(nj/astro/wild)1529 960 w
10 R f
(Datakit)1085 1080 w
10 CW f
(wild)1529 1080 w
10 R f
(IP)1085 1200 w
10 CW f
(wild.astro.nj.att.com)1529 1200 w
10 R f
( couple)1 307( A)1 146( operational.)1 515( theory, you are now)4 883([9] In)1 333 5 720 1526 t
( are described in the \256le)5 1276(of small tests)2 658 2 970 1646 t
10 CW f
(SANITY)970 1766 w
10 R f
( common problems and their)4 1241(. Some)1 333 2 1330 1766 t
(cures are described below.)3 1081 1 970 1886 t
( script)1 380( need to construct the)4 1382([10] You)1 422 3 720 2130 t
10 CW f
(/usr/lib/filemotel/sel)970 2250 w
10 R f
(which prints)1 543 1 2361 2250 t
( \256les that you want backed up.)6 1374(the names of)2 560 2 970 2370 t
(There is a sample script \()5 1166 1 970 2490 t
10 CW f
(sample.sel)2136 2490 w
10 R f
(\) in)1 168 1 2736 2490 t
( careful not to backup)4 1094( Be)1 225(that directory.)1 615 3 970 2610 t
(networked \256lesystems by mistake.)3 1401 1 970 2730 t
( are initiating backup via)4 1093( you)1 199([11] If)1 316 3 720 2974 t
10 I f
(cron)2378 2974 w
10 R f
(\(8\), add)1 335 1 2569 2974 t
(the following command to)3 1178 1 970 3094 t
10 CW f
(crontab)2213 3094 w
10 R f
(\(split)2698 3094 w
(here for readability\):)2 841 1 970 3214 t
8 CW f
(eval "/usr/lib/filemotel/sel |)2 1440 1 1008 3510 t
(/usr/lib/filemotel/act 2>&1" |)2 1440 1 1008 3600 t
(mail backup)1 528 1 1008 3690 t
10 R f
( from system to sys-)4 915(The exact format varies)3 1019 2 970 4016 t
( tell)1 179(tem; the File Motel administrator should)5 1755 2 970 4136 t
(you what time to set it off.)6 1106 1 970 4256 t
(If your client's backup is initiated from the)7 1934 1 970 4500 t
(server system, you will have to add the line)8 1934 1 970 4620 t
(for)970 4740 w
10 CW f
(fmclient)1119 4740 w
10 R f
( of IPC services)3 662(to your \257avour)2 610 2 1632 4740 t
( to the server by)4 799( you communicate)2 818(\256le. If)1 317 3 970 4860 t
(TCP/IP \(that is, your)3 1095 1 970 4980 t
10 CW f
(CONF)2177 4980 w
10 R f
(\256le has)1 374 1 2530 4980 t
10 CW f
(IPC=socket)970 5100 w
10 R f
(\), get the)2 382 1 1570 5100 t
10 I f
(fmclient)1991 5100 w
10 R f
(line from the)2 544 1 2360 5100 t
(\256le)970 5220 w
10 CW f
(tcp.inetd)1266 5220 w
10 R f
(and add it to)3 929 1 1975 5220 t
10 CW f
(/etc/inetd.conf)970 5340 w
10 R f
(\(some systems use)2 920 1 1984 5340 t
10 CW f
(/usr/etc/inetd.conf)970 5460 w
10 R f
(\) and add the)3 794 1 2110 5460 t
10 I f
(fmclient)970 5580 w
10 R f
(line from the \256le)3 768 1 1358 5580 t
10 CW f
(tcp.services)2184 5580 w
10 R f
(and add it to)3 587 1 970 5700 t
10 CW f
(/etc/services)1612 5700 w
10 R f
( then)1 227(. You)1 285 2 2392 5700 t
(need to prod)2 559 1 970 5820 t
10 I f
(inetd)1584 5820 w
10 R f
( \256les)1 221(to look at the new)4 836 2 1847 5820 t
( sending it a hangup signal\).)5 1312(\(commonly by)1 622 2 970 5940 t
( SunOS, you may need)4 983(On some systems, like)3 951 2 970 6060 t
( as the Yellow)3 712(to prod name servers such)4 1222 2 970 6180 t
(Pages as well.)2 579 1 970 6300 t
( add the corresponding)3 1008(If you use V10 IPC,)4 926 2 970 6544 t
(line for)1 366 1 970 6664 t
10 CW f
(fmclient)1435 6664 w
10 R f
(from)2014 6664 w
10 CW f
(ipc.V10)2307 6664 w
10 R f
(to)2826 6664 w
10 CW f
(/usr/ipc/lib/serv.local)970 6784 w
10 R f
( \256les)1 254(. The)1 300 2 2350 6784 t
10 CW f
(tcp.inetd)970 6904 w
10 R f
(and)1543 6904 w
10 CW f
(ipc.V10)1720 6904 w
10 R f
(are made by)2 503 1 2173 6904 t
8 CW f
(cd $FMSRC; mk ipc.list)3 1056 1 1008 7200 t
10 B f
( Common Installation Problems)3 1388(4.1. Some)1 449 2 3216 840 t
10 R f
( rule, keep an eye on the log \256le)8 1406(As a general)2 528 2 3466 1000 t
( the most)2 415( Perhaps)1 398( up the File Motel.)4 838(when setting)1 533 4 3216 1120 t
(convenient way is a window with a)6 1457 1 3216 1240 t
8 CW f
(tail -f $FM/log)2 720 1 3504 1397 t
10 R f
(The most common problem is that the basic)7 1934 1 3466 1584 t
( affects most pro-)3 764( This)1 257( work.)1 276(IPC software doesn't)2 887 4 3216 1704 t
( calling a service on the)5 1030(grams because they involve)3 1154 2 3216 1824 t
( is why the \256rst thing you try)7 1243( That)1 253(backup machine.)1 688 3 3216 1944 t
(to get working is)3 747 1 3216 2064 t
10 I f
(logger)4012 2064 w
10 R f
( messages to)2 555(which sends)1 515 2 4330 2064 t
( The)1 251(the logger process on the backup machine.)6 1933 2 3216 2184 t
( I have seen here are typically bugs in)8 1619(kinds of bugs)2 565 2 3216 2304 t
( For)1 259( code, particularly TCP/IP.)3 1260(the networking)1 665 3 3216 2424 t
(example, the)1 563 1 3216 2544 t
10 I f
(logprint)3857 2544 w
10 R f
(function expects an ack-)3 1134 1 4266 2544 t
(nowledgement from the logger server to indicate that)7 2184 1 3216 2664 t
( two of the sys-)4 704( at least)2 347( On)1 201(everything went okay.)2 932 4 3216 2784 t
( happen because)2 697(tems I use, this sometimes doesn't)5 1487 2 3216 2904 t
( socket by the logger server after)6 1433(the closing of the)3 751 2 3216 3024 t
( the ack and get)4 670(sending the ack seems to speed pass)6 1514 2 3216 3144 t
(to)3216 3264 w
10 I f
(logprint)3345 3264 w
10 R f
(\256rst. Naturally,)1 667 1 3727 3264 t
10 I f
(logprint)4446 3264 w
10 R f
(complains, as)1 571 1 4829 3264 t
( best solution is to \256x the TCP/IP)7 1410( The)1 225(might we all.)2 549 3 3216 3384 t
(implementation; failing that, you might try a judi-)7 2184 1 3216 3504 t
( between the ack and the close in the)8 1711(cious sleep)1 473 2 3216 3624 t
( only one example of a general)6 1284( is)1 100( This)1 244(logger server.)1 556 4 3216 3744 t
(class of timing problems.)3 1035 1 3216 3864 t
( \256eld of failed implementations)4 1327(Another fertile)1 607 2 3466 4024 t
( File)1 203( The)1 235( system names.)2 652(have to do with user and)5 1094 4 3216 4144 t
( of system and user)4 835(Motel tries to check the validity)5 1349 2 3216 4264 t
(names and denies service if there appears to be)8 2184 1 3216 4384 t
( some oth-)2 462( Regrettably,)1 569( going on.)2 443(something sleazy)1 710 4 3216 4504 t
( TCP/IP implementations resemble)3 1595(erwise sound)1 589 2 3216 4624 t
( user)1 210( example, a)2 493(sleaze. For)1 483 3 3216 4744 t
10 CW f
(mary)4446 4744 w
10 R f
(on a client may)3 670 1 4730 4744 t
(appear on the server as the user)6 1317 1 3216 4864 t
10 CW f
(bill)4569 4864 w
10 R f
( a system)2 392(. Or)1 199 2 4809 4864 t
( unrelated to the)3 739(may have a system name that is)6 1445 2 3216 4984 t
( attempt is made)3 682( An)1 188(name the networking code uses.)4 1314 3 3216 5104 t
( fail with unex-)3 694(to cope with these cases, but may)6 1490 2 3216 5224 t
( worst comes to)3 666( If)1 136(pectedly bizarre implementations.)2 1382 3 3216 5344 t
( off all the checking and hope no)7 1423(worst, simply turn)2 761 2 3216 5464 t
( if you do this,)4 685( \(Even)1 322(one does anything naughty.)3 1177 3 3216 5584 t
( to claim they)3 577(think hard about allowing remote users)5 1607 2 3216 5704 t
(are)3216 5824 w
10 CW f
(root)3384 5824 w
10 R f
(; they will be able to look at all sorts of)10 1776 1 3624 5824 t
( X, I implement function and policy.)6 1538(things.\) Unlike)1 646 2 3216 5944 t
( place)1 335(All the checking is done in one)6 1849 2 3216 6064 t
(\()3216 6184 w
10 CW f
(serv_$IPC.c)3249 6184 w
10 R f
(\); feel free to do whatever you like,)7 1491 1 3909 6184 t
(it's your Motel now.)3 846 1 3216 6304 t
10 B f
( and Compiling Options)3 1052(4.2. Con\256guration)1 817 2 3216 6558 t
10 R f
( is designed for easy)4 903(The File Motel software)3 1031 2 3466 6718 t
( The)1 270(installation in heterogeneous environments.)3 1914 2 3216 6838 t
( are stored in)3 605(con\256guration details described below)3 1579 2 3216 6958 t
(the \256le)1 346 1 3216 7078 t
10 CW f
($FMSRC/CONF)3658 7078 w
10 R f
(.)4318 7078 w
10 CW f
($FMSRC)4472 7078 w
10 R f
(contains a)1 472 1 4928 7078 t
( sys-)1 209(number of \256les containing settings for various)6 1975 2 3216 7198 t
( 615)1 3721(Research Tenth Edition)2 959 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 720 480 t
( these as a starting)4 768(tems; you may want to use one of)7 1416 2 720 840 t
( information)1 536( that the following)3 850(point. \(Remember)1 798 3 720 960 t
( half-life; the truth should be in the)7 1662(has a small)2 522 2 720 1080 t
( most obvious)2 644( The)1 254( this manual.\))2 629(online copy of)2 657 4 720 1200 t
( choosing)1 397(aspect of con\256guring the File Motel means)6 1787 2 720 1320 t
( source)1 299( The)1 227( where \256les live.)3 702(on the three directories)3 956 4 720 1440 t
(directory,)720 1560 w
10 CW f
(FMSRC)1164 1560 w
10 R f
( The)1 213(, has been described above.)4 1227 2 1464 1560 t
(other two are)2 542 1 720 1680 t
10 CW f
(FMLIB=/usr/lib/filemotel)720 1836 w
10 R f
( want to put the)4 706(Change this to wherever you)4 1228 2 970 1956 t
(subprograms.)970 2076 w
10 CW f
(FMBIN=/usr/bin)720 2232 w
10 R f
( com-)1 255(The directory for the \(only\) user-called)5 1679 2 970 2352 t
(mand,)970 2472 w
10 CW f
(backup)1250 2472 w
10 R f
(.)1610 2472 w
( source to your environment is)5 1498(Con\256guring the)1 686 2 720 2628 t
(mostly done with)2 779 1 720 2748 t
10 I f
(mk)1566 2748 w
10 R f
(variables and an interface)3 1147 1 1757 2748 t
(library in)1 377 1 720 2868 t
10 CW f
(src/sys/)1130 2868 w
10 I f
(system)1610 2868 w
10 R f
(. The)1 246 1 1876 2868 t
10 I f
(mk)2155 2868 w
10 R f
(variables are)1 514 1 2312 2868 t
10 CW f
(RANLIB=ranlib)720 3024 w
10 R f
( mostly BSD-based, whine)3 1273(Some systems,)1 661 2 970 3144 t
( are pro-)2 419(incessantly unless archive libraries)3 1515 2 970 3264 t
( some program typically called)4 1425(cessed with)1 509 2 970 3384 t
10 I f
(ranlib)970 3504 w
10 R f
( this case, set)3 620(. In)1 197 2 1223 3504 t
10 CW f
(RANLIB=ranlib)2096 3504 w
10 R f
(;)2876 3504 w
( V)1 141(otherwise, say if you are on a System)7 1793 2 970 3624 t
( program such as)3 820(machine, use a harmless)3 1114 2 970 3744 t
10 CW f
(RANLIB=:)970 3864 w
10 R f
(.)1450 3864 w
10 CW f
(IPC=socket)720 4020 w
10 R f
( Different)1 459( of IPC.)2 386(Select your favorite type)3 1089 3 970 4140 t
( use different types and the client's)6 1493(clients can)1 441 2 970 4260 t
( \(For)1 246( the backup system.)3 836(type need not match)3 852 3 970 4380 t
( talks to us)3 503(example, in our Center, the Cray)5 1431 2 970 4500 t
( The)1 224( talk to it via Datakit.\))5 938(via TCP/IP but we)3 772 3 970 4620 t
(only choices are)2 664 1 970 4740 t
10 CW f
(socket)1667 4740 w
10 R f
(and)2060 4740 w
10 CW f
(v10)2237 4740 w
10 R f
(.)2417 4740 w
10 CW f
(IPCLIB=)720 4896 w
10 R f
(Set this if you need a special library in order)9 1934 1 970 5016 t
( example, on)2 565( For)1 223(to use your \257avor of IPC.)5 1146 3 970 5136 t
(V10 systems set)2 666 1 970 5256 t
10 CW f
(IPCLIB=-lipc)1669 5256 w
10 R f
(.)2389 5256 w
10 CW f
(LIBTYPE=a)720 5412 w
10 R f
(This should be set to)4 888 1 970 5532 t
10 CW f
(a)1898 5532 w
10 R f
( are on the)3 466(unless you)1 440 2 1998 5532 t
( when)1 284( have archives yet!\))3 813(Cray \(which doesn't)2 837 3 970 5652 t
(it should be)2 483 1 970 5772 t
10 CW f
(o)1486 5772 w
10 R f
(.)1546 5772 w
10 CW f
(COMPAT=)720 5928 w
10 R f
(Set)970 6048 w
10 CW f
(COMPAT=.compat)1162 6048 w
10 R f
(if you want to be)4 837 1 2067 6048 t
( \(You)1 289( Motel \256les.)2 533(able to process older File)4 1112 3 970 6168 t
( to get this to work on)6 962(may have to work hard)4 972 2 970 6288 t
(some systems; I gave up on the Cray.\))7 1582 1 970 6408 t
10 CW f
(SECTYPE=)720 6564 w
10 R f
(Set)970 6684 w
10 CW f
(SECTYPE=v9)1184 6684 w
10 R f
( are running a)3 737(if you)1 297 2 1870 6684 t
(McIlroy-Reeds compatible security kernel.)3 1737 1 970 6804 t
10 CW f
(WORMFACE=uda)720 6960 w
10 R f
( software, you)2 612(If you are running the WORM)5 1322 2 970 7080 t
(need to say what kind of interface the WORM)8 1934 1 970 7200 t
( option is)2 457( The)1 255( to.)1 170(is attached)1 465 4 3466 840 t
10 CW f
(scsi)4880 840 w
10 R f
(. The)1 280 1 5120 840 t
(latter may need customizing at your site.)6 1671 1 3466 960 t
( interface library)2 766(Currently the system dependent)3 1418 2 3216 1121 t
(includes the following routines:)3 1293 1 3216 1241 t
10 CW f
(dirtoents)3216 1429 w
10 R f
(convert directory to element names)4 1440 1 3966 1429 t
10 CW f
(ftw)3216 1549 w
10 R f
(traverse \256le tree)2 658 1 3966 1549 t
10 CW f
(nofile)3216 1669 w
10 R f
(number of fd's available)3 1002 1 3966 1669 t
10 CW f
(sysname)3216 1789 w
10 R f
(system name)1 527 1 3966 1789 t
10 CW f
(username)3216 1909 w
10 R f
(user's login name)2 726 1 3966 1909 t
10 CW f
(rx_$IPC)3216 2029 w
10 R f
(call a remote service)3 846 1 3966 2029 t
10 CW f
(serv_$IPC)3216 2149 w
10 R f
(receive calls)1 503 1 3966 2149 t
10 CW f
(service)3216 2269 w
10 R f
(service/socket mapping details)2 1242 1 3966 2269 t
10 CW f
(dateadjust)3216 2389 w
10 R f
(do daylight savings/timezone)2 1188 1 3966 2389 t
(There are a small number of)5 1207 1 3216 2577 t
10 CW f
(#define)4465 2577 w
10 R f
('s inside)1 353 1 4885 2577 t
10 CW f
(.c)5280 2577 w
10 R f
(\256les.)3216 2697 w
10 CW f
(-DSTRINGH="'<string.h>'")3216 2858 w
10 R f
( value to be the string function)6 1479(De\256ne the)1 455 2 3466 2978 t
(header \256le.)1 451 1 3466 3098 t
10 CW f
(-DNO_NETNAME)3216 3259 w
10 R f
( saving and restoring \256les)4 1063(De\256ne this to disable)3 871 2 3466 3379 t
(through)3466 3499 w
10 CW f
(/n/machine-name)3844 3499 w
10 R f
(although they)1 589 1 4811 3499 t
(will still be stored with that pre\256x.)6 1429 1 3466 3619 t
10 B f
( the File Motel on a Server System)7 1517(5. Installing)1 548 2 3216 3875 t
10 R f
(The source comes as a)4 1009 1 3466 4036 t
10 I f
(cpio)4528 4036 w
10 R f
( if)1 115(\256le \(perhaps)1 524 2 4761 4036 t
(you are lucky it may come in)6 1285 1 3216 4156 t
10 I f
(tar)4546 4156 w
10 R f
( As)1 188(format too\).)1 496 2 4716 4156 t
(with the client source installation, note that the fol-)8 2184 1 3216 4276 t
( is dated and the online copy may)7 1424(lowing description)1 760 2 3216 4396 t
(be signi\256cantly different in detail.)4 1389 1 3216 4516 t
( process steps)2 645( the client installation)3 1005([1] Follow)1 534 3 3216 4677 t
(1)3466 4797 w
10 S1 f
(\261)3516 4797 w
10 R f
( where the)2 431( also need to set the place)6 1074(8. You)1 314 3 3581 4797 t
( do it this)3 457( I)1 118(administrative binaries are kept.)3 1359 3 3466 4917 t
(way:)3466 5037 w
8 CW f
(FMAB=/usr/filemotel/bin)3504 5195 w
(export FMAB)1 528 1 3504 5285 t
10 R f
([2] Complete)1 639 1 3216 5473 t
10 CW f
($FMLIB/conf)3952 5473 w
10 R f
( to)1 176( have)1 285(. You)1 327 3 4612 5473 t
( default media type and the root of)7 1483(specify the)1 451 2 3466 5593 t
( tree \(denoted by)3 766(the administrative \256le)2 932 2 3466 5713 t
10 CW f
($FM)5220 5713 w
10 R f
( are in)2 331(below\). Details)1 684 2 3466 5833 t
10 I f
(backup)4546 5833 w
10 R f
(\(5\); my File)2 558 1 4842 5833 t
(Motel has this con\256guration:)3 1177 1 3466 5953 t
8 CW f
(wild)3504 6111 w
(j)3504 6201 w
(/usr/backup)3504 6291 w
10 R f
( as)1 130( that doesn't need to run)5 1073([3] Everything)1 694 3 3216 6479 t
10 CW f
(root)5160 6479 w
10 R f
( By)1 211(should run as an otherwise unused id.)6 1723 2 3466 6599 t
(default, this is)2 610 1 3466 6719 t
10 CW f
(fmdaemon)4124 6719 w
10 R f
(; if you don't like)4 796 1 4604 6719 t
( in)1 112(this, change the de\256ne)3 923 2 3466 6839 t
10 CW f
(libfm/server.c)4535 6839 w
10 R f
(.)5375 6839 w
(Whatever you choose, set up an account for)7 1934 1 3466 6959 t
( their)1 218(them; the File Motel requires nothing but)6 1716 2 3466 7079 t
( By)1 216( even a login directory\).)4 1120(name/uid \(not)1 598 3 3466 7199 t
( Programmer's Manual)2 942(616 UNIX)1 3738 2 720 7560 t
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10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 3887 480 t
( the)1 171(default, all the shell scripts send mail to)7 1763 2 970 840 t
(mailbox)970 960 w
10 CW f
(backup)1350 960 w
10 R f
( to an)2 278( should be set)3 628(. This)1 288 3 1710 960 t
(alias for the File Motel caretaker.)5 1370 1 970 1080 t
( system of the many services)5 1236( your IPC)2 421([4] Inform)1 527 3 720 1254 t
( the notes under)3 740( See)1 237(the File Motel offers.)3 957 3 970 1374 t
( in the client installation above but)6 1611(step 11)1 323 2 970 1494 t
(install everything, not just)3 1120 1 970 1614 t
10 CW f
(fmclient)2140 1614 w
10 R f
(. \(See)1 284 1 2620 1614 t
( also need to set)4 706( You)1 246(step 10 below as well.\))4 982 3 970 1734 t
( periodic \(normally nightly\) calling of)5 1658(up the)1 276 2 970 1854 t
(clients and/or the processing of their \256les by)7 1934 1 970 1974 t
10 CW f
($FB/munge)970 2094 w
10 R f
(.)1510 2094 w
10 I f
(Munge)1628 2094 w
10 R f
( a)1 103(needs the name of)3 828 2 1973 2094 t
( to your backup)3 759(program to copy the \256les)4 1175 2 970 2214 t
(media; set the variable)3 1027 1 970 2334 t
10 CW f
(PROCPERM)2064 2334 w
10 R f
(to that)1 294 1 2610 2334 t
( described previously,)2 985( As)1 221(program's name.)1 728 3 970 2454 t
( the data-)2 397(you also need to periodically backup)5 1537 2 970 2574 t
(bases with)1 429 1 970 2694 t
10 CW f
(backupdb)1434 2694 w
10 R f
(; it also needs the name)5 990 1 1914 2694 t
(of the program to copy \256le sto your media.)8 1776 1 970 2814 t
( the log \256le:)3 505([5] Initialise)1 600 2 720 2988 t
8 CW f
(> $FM/log; chown bin $FM/log)4 1344 1 1008 3168 t
(chmod 644 $FM/log)2 816 1 1008 3258 t
10 R f
( the server programs:)3 869([6] Install)1 500 2 720 3468 t
8 CW f
(mk server)1 432 1 1008 3648 t
10 R f
( their names in)3 636( List)1 229( receiving areas.)2 680( the)1 161([7] Setup)1 478 5 720 3858 t
10 CW f
($FM/adm/rcvdirs)970 3978 w
10 R f
( each are)2 423(and initialise)1 550 2 1931 3978 t
(by running)1 444 1 970 4098 t
8 CW f
($FB/rcvdirs)1008 4278 w
10 R f
( \256lesystem mounted on)3 1036(We use one 120MB)3 898 2 970 4488 t
10 CW f
($FM/rcv)970 4608 w
10 R f
(.)1390 4608 w
( It)1 147( the safe area for backup copies.)6 1449([8] Allocate)1 588 3 720 4782 t
(must have the name)3 901 1 970 4902 t
10 CW f
($FM/v)1930 4902 w
10 R f
(but may be a)3 615 1 2289 4902 t
( enough space in)3 731(symbolic link if there is not)5 1203 2 970 5022 t
10 CW f
($FM)970 5142 w
10 R f
( sized \256lesystem)2 709( use an identically)3 799(. We)1 246 3 1150 5142 t
(to the receive area mounted on)5 1267 1 970 5262 t
10 CW f
($FM/v)2270 5262 w
10 R f
(.)2570 5262 w
( deciding which databases you want)5 1724([9] After)1 460 2 720 5436 t
(maintained, initialise the databases with)4 1628 1 970 5556 t
8 CW f
(src/dbinit.sh)1008 5736 w
10 R f
( with all three and)4 805(You may want to start off)5 1129 2 970 5946 t
(remove any you don't want later on \(like)7 1934 1 970 6066 t
(when they get to be too big\).)6 1194 1 970 6186 t
( how the receiving process)4 1140([10] Choose)1 550 2 720 6360 t
10 I f
(rcv)2455 6360 w
10 R f
(works.)2635 6360 w
( is)1 126( it)1 116( If)1 159(By default, it simply accepts \256les.)5 1533 4 970 6480 t
( the name)2 444(invoked by)1 474 2 970 6600 t
10 CW f
(mrcv)1941 6600 w
10 R f
(, it initiates pro-)3 723 1 2181 6600 t
(cessing of the received by)4 1168 1 970 6720 t
10 I f
(munge)2195 6720 w
10 R f
(\(or more)1 378 1 2526 6720 t
(accurately,)970 6840 w
10 CW f
($FL/callmunge)1460 6840 w
10 R f
(\) after the \256rst)3 664 1 2240 6840 t
( \256les have been received \(you need)6 1593(and last)1 341 2 970 6960 t
( \256le took longer to)4 931(both in case any one)4 1003 2 970 7080 t
(receive than)1 497 1 970 7200 t
10 I f
(munge)1505 7200 w
10 R f
( advan-)1 308( The)1 225('s cycle time\).)2 592 3 1779 7200 t
( that you will almost never run out of)8 1656(tage is)1 278 2 3466 840 t
( you will be processing \256les at the)7 1552(space, as)1 382 2 3466 960 t
( disadvan-)1 438( The)1 238(same time as receiving them.)4 1258 3 3466 1080 t
( use)1 176( I)1 109( that everything will run slower.)5 1372(tage is)1 277 4 3466 1200 t
( rarely run out of)4 844(the default behavior; we)3 1090 2 3466 1320 t
( some client)2 499(space and I like to investigate why)6 1435 2 3466 1440 t
(is sending much more than normal before)6 1934 1 3466 1560 t
(accepting it all.)2 629 1 3466 1680 t
( starting with step)3 768( the client installation)3 915([11] Finish)1 501 3 3216 1843 t
( receiv-)1 310(10, making sure you do not backup the)7 1624 2 3466 1963 t
(ing areas or)2 481 1 3466 2083 t
10 CW f
($FM/v)3980 2083 w
10 R f
(.)4280 2083 w
( the command)2 582([12] Add)1 422 2 3216 2246 t
8 CW f
($FB/rmlocks)3504 2408 w
10 R f
(to)3466 2600 w
10 CW f
(/etc/rc)3595 2600 w
10 R f
(\(or whatever passes for system)4 1334 1 4066 2600 t
( removes)1 374( simply)1 310( This)1 248(startup on your system\).)3 1002 4 3466 2720 t
(any lock\256les in)2 627 1 3466 2840 t
10 CW f
($FM/locks)4126 2840 w
10 R f
(.)4666 2840 w
10 B f
( Management)1 593(6. Media)1 413 2 3216 3103 t
10 R f
( been made to provide generic)5 1295(An attempt has)2 639 2 3466 3266 t
( example, the)2 633( For)1 246( programs.)1 476(media management)1 829 4 3216 3386 t
(recovery servers)1 664 1 3216 3506 t
10 I f
(fetchw)3914 3506 w
10 S f
(_)4175 3506 w
10 R f
(and)4267 3506 w
10 I f
(fetchj)4445 3506 w
10 S f
(_)4667 3506 w
10 R f
(are instances of)2 640 1 4760 3506 t
( server respec-)2 618(a single device server and a jukebox)6 1566 2 3216 3626 t
( this work, a media library is used.)7 1491( make)1 256(tively. To)1 437 3 3216 3746 t
( imple-)1 302(To use a new media, such as Exabyte tapes,)8 1882 2 3216 3866 t
( library)1 307(ment the routines in the library, and link the)8 1877 2 3216 3986 t
(with)3216 4106 w
10 CW f
(fm/media_.o)3485 4106 w
10 R f
(or)4236 4106 w
10 CW f
(fm/mmedia_.o)4410 4106 w
10 R f
(. An)1 270 1 5130 4106 t
(informal description of the routines follow.)5 1766 1 3216 4226 t
10 CW f
(mediainit\(char *device, char)2 2184 1 3216 4389 t
(*vol_id\))3216 4509 w
10 R f
( by)1 141(Initialise the media on the device speci\256ed)6 1793 2 3466 4629 t
10 I f
(device)3216 4749 w
10 R f
( or any recogniz-)3 711( latter may a full name)5 961(. The)1 250 3 3478 4749 t
( If)1 145(able abbreviation.)1 736 2 3216 4869 t
10 I f
(vol)4144 4869 w
10 S f
(_)4266 4869 w
10 I f
(id)4316 4869 w
10 R f
(is given, it is checked)4 951 1 4449 4869 t
(against the media present.)3 1061 1 3216 4989 t
10 CW f
(char *mediamount\(char *vol_id\))2 1800 1 3216 5152 t
10 R f
(Mount the media named)3 1016 1 3466 5272 t
10 I f
(vol)4521 5272 w
10 S f
(_)4643 5272 w
10 I f
(id)4693 5272 w
10 R f
(and return the)2 582 1 4818 5272 t
( use by)2 343(appropriate device \(suitable for)3 1342 2 3216 5392 t
10 I f
(mediainit)4956 5392 w
10 R f
(\).)5342 5392 w
(Currently, the values given as)4 1378 1 3216 5512 t
10 I f
(vol)4666 5512 w
10 S f
(_)4788 5512 w
10 I f
(id)4838 5512 w
10 R f
(are those)1 404 1 4996 5512 t
(returned by)1 465 1 3216 5632 t
10 I f
(medianame)3714 5632 w
10 R f
(\(below\).)4215 5632 w
10 CW f
(medianame\(char *volume\))1 1380 1 3216 5795 t
10 R f
(Return the media name containing)4 1408 1 3466 5915 t
10 I f
(volume)4907 5915 w
10 R f
(.)5203 5915 w
10 CW f
(mediaopen\(char *name, Media *m\))3 1860 1 3216 6078 t
10 R f
(Set up)1 274 1 3466 6198 t
10 I f
(m)3786 6198 w
10 R f
( backup copy)2 576(to point at the)3 616 2 3912 6198 t
10 I f
(name)5151 6198 w
10 R f
(.)5375 6198 w
(The \256elds in a)3 608 1 3216 6318 t
10 CW f
(Media)3862 6318 w
10 R f
( descriptor, pre-)2 658(include a \256le)2 542 2 4200 6318 t
(ferred read block size, and copy size.)6 1526 1 3216 6438 t
10 CW f
(void mediafiles\(int32 v, int32 n,)4 2184 1 3216 6601 t
(Media *m, Tb **bp\))3 1080 1 3216 6721 t
10 R f
( a list \(in)3 398(Return a Media and)3 832 2 3466 6841 t
10 CW f
(*bp)4736 6841 w
10 R f
(\) of backup)2 484 1 4916 6841 t
( for all backup copies more recent than)7 1631(copy pointers)1 553 2 3216 6961 t
(\256le)3216 7081 w
10 I f
(n)3382 7081 w
10 R f
(in volume)1 416 1 3478 7081 t
10 I f
(v)3932 7081 w
10 R f
(. A)1 168 1 3984 7081 t
10 CW f
(Tb)4190 7081 w
10 R f
( time and)2 400(has the creation)2 652 2 4348 7081 t
( is)1 108( \(It)1 168( backup copy.)2 589(initial \(1K\) block number for a)5 1319 4 3216 7201 t
( 617)1 3721(Research Tenth Edition)2 959 2 720 7560 t
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10 pagesetup
10 R f
(The File Motel: An Owner's Manual)5 1513 1 720 480 t
(used by)1 331 1 720 840 t
10 I f
(dbupdate)1099 840 w
10 R f
( size returned in)3 709(\). The)1 294 2 1479 840 t
10 I f
(m)2531 840 w
10 R f
(is not)1 244 1 2660 840 t
(actually a size but the number of records in)8 1788 1 720 960 t
10 CW f
(*bp)2541 960 w
10 R f
(.)2721 960 w
(This is not a complete description; if you have)8 1934 1 970 1116 t
( the)1 165(to write new versions of these routines, look at)8 2019 2 720 1236 t
(existing implementations \(in)2 1191 1 720 1356 t
10 CW f
($FMSRC/media)1959 1356 w
10 R f
(\) and)1 225 1 2679 1356 t
(the programs that use them \(all in)6 1391 1 720 1476 t
10 CW f
($FMSRC/fm)2144 1476 w
10 R f
(\).)2684 1476 w
10 B f
(7. References)1 605 1 3216 840 t
10 R f
( Incremental)1 510( File Motel \320 An)4 749( The)1 221(1. Hume, A.G.)2 604 4 3316 1116 t
( In)1 157( Unix.)1 266(Backup System for)2 800 3 3424 1236 t
10 I f
(USENIX Summer)1 712 1 4688 1236 t
(Conference Proceedings \(Phoenix\))2 1546 1 3424 1356 t
10 R f
(, Usenix,)1 430 1 4970 1356 t
(July 1988, pp. 445-457.)3 974 1 3424 1476 t
( Programmer's Manual)2 942(618 UNIX)1 3738 2 720 7560 t
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