V8/usr/man/man2/getuid.2

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.TH GETUID 2 
.SH NAME
getuid, getgid, geteuid, getegid, getpid, getppid \- get user, group, or
process identity
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B getuid()
.PP
.B geteuid()
.PP
.B getgid()
.PP
.B getegid()
.PP
.B getpid()
.PP
.B getppid()
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I Getuid
returns the real user ID of the current process,
.I geteuid
the effective user ID.
The real user ID identifies the person who is logged in,
in contradistinction to the effective user ID, which
determines his access permission at the moment.
It is thus useful to programs which operate using
the `set user ID' mode, to find out who invoked them.
.PP
.I Getgid
returns the real group ID,
.I getegid
the effective group ID.
.PP
.I Getpid
returns
the process ID of
the current process.
Most often it is used to generate
uniquely-named
temporary files.
.PP
.I Getppid
returns the process ID of the parent of the current process.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
setuid(2), mktemp(3), getlogin(3)