pcc in 8th edition

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Paul Ruizendaal

25 Apr 2021 25 Apr '21

12:35 p.m.

For clarity and ease of reference: - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512> - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for instance in the SysIII source: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c> - The new style description in 8th edition is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin> - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y> ==== Sometimes one thing leads to another. Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this “stin” file. All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage. A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the STY format. Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be useful? Many thanks in advance Paul

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arnold＠skeeve.com

25 Apr 25 Apr

12:49 p.m.

Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git mirror at git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived HTH, Arnold Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote:

...

Paul Ruizendaal

2:04 p.m.

Thank you for the tip! I had seen the revival when googling around. The M68K version looks like an interesting option for my intended project(s). Still, I also would like to work with the versions from the early 80’s, just to get a better feel for the history of it all and to start with something small (the revival is 2-3 times the size of the early 80’s code *). On top of that, there is something magical about real-life machine descriptions that fit in 400 short lines. Paul *) On 32V the actual virtual address space for a process was limited to 192KB, due to how the MMU was used.

...

On Apr 25, 2021, at 2:49 PM, arnold(a)skeeve.com wrote: Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git mirror at git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived HTH, Arnold Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote: > For clarity and ease of reference: > > - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 > > - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for instance in the SysIII source: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… > > - The new style description in 8th edition is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin > > - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y > > > ==== > > Sometimes one thing leads to another. > > Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. > > My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. > > This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this “stin” file. > > All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage. > > A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the STY format. > > Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be useful? > > Many thanks in advance > > Paul >

Paul Ruizendaal

3:45 p.m.

By now found some more clues, in particular this link: http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm Apparently I am talking about PCC and PCC2 in the below question. The first post mentions 4 papers. They can be found online, apart from the USENIX one: "Four Generations of Portable C Compiler" by D.M. Kristol (1986 Summer USENIX Conference Proceedings) Anybody have that? The second post mentions official documentation: "In porting QCC, a useful text is the "Portable C Compiler - Version 2 (PCC2) Internals". It includes documentation of stin file formats, PCC2 tree forms, debugging flags, and compiler #defines. The manual is expensive so it's worth it most if you buy it before you figure it all out doing a port. Since the manual is based on PCC2 (and hasn't been updated), it's a good starting point, but doesn't have the latest information.” Anybody have that? (It is not on bitsavers) Paul

...

On 25 Apr 2021, at 14:49, arnold(a)skeeve.com wrote: Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git mirror at git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived HTH, Arnold Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote: > For clarity and ease of reference: > > - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512> > > - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for instance in the SysIII source: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c> > > - The new style description in 8th edition is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin> > > - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y> > > > ==== > > Sometimes one thing leads to another. > > Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. > > My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. > > This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this “stin” file. > > All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage. > > A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the STY format. > > Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be useful? > > Many thanks in advance > > Paul >

Clem Cole

5:11 p.m.

yes i'll mail under separate cover a scan ᐧ On Sun, Apr 25, 2021 at 11:47 AM Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote:

...

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 < http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512>

> > - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for

instance in the SysIII source: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… < https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta…

> > - The new style description in 8th edition is here:

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin < https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin>

> > - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is

here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y < https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y

> > > ==== > > Sometimes one thing leads to another. > > Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board

systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code.

> > My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the

Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some issues, so I started looking at the PCC source.

> > This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as

described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this “stin” file.

> > All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to

derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage.

> > A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the

STY format.

> > Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY

table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be useful?

> > Many thanks in advance > > Paul >

arnold＠skeeve.com

5:32 p.m.

And maybe give to Warren too? :-) Clem Cole <clemc(a)ccc.com> wrote:

...

yes i'll mail under separate cover a scan ᐧ On Sun, Apr 25, 2021 at 11:47 AM Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote: > By now found some more clues, in particular this link: > http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm > > Apparently I am talking about PCC and PCC2 in the below question. > > The first post mentions 4 papers. They can be found online, apart from the > USENIX one: > "Four Generations of Portable C Compiler" by D.M. Kristol (1986 Summer > USENIX Conference Proceedings) > > Anybody have that? > > The second post mentions official documentation: > > "In porting QCC, a useful text is the "Portable C Compiler - > Version 2 (PCC2) Internals". It includes documentation of > stin file formats, PCC2 tree forms, debugging flags, and > compiler #defines. The manual is expensive so it's worth it > most if you buy it before you figure it all out doing a > port. Since the manual is based on PCC2 (and hasn't been > updated), it's a good starting point, but doesn't have the > latest information.” > > Anybody have that? (It is not on bitsavers) > > Paul > > > On 25 Apr 2021, at 14:49, arnold(a)skeeve.com wrote: > > > > Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look > > at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git mirror at > > git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived > > > > HTH, > > > > Arnold > > > > Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote: > > > >> For clarity and ease of reference: > >> > >> - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: > http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 < > http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512> > >> > >> - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for > instance in the SysIII source: > https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… > < > https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… > > > >> > >> - The new style description in 8th edition is here: > https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin < > https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin> > >> > >> - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is > here: > https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y > < > https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y > > > >> > >> > >> ==== > >> > >> Sometimes one thing leads to another. > >> > >> Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board > systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a > rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with > the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. > >> > >> My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the > Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to > explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which > may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some > issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. > >> > >> This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as > described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses > a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is > translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then > looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this > “stin” file. > >> > >> All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to > derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage. > >> > >> A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the > STY format. > >> > >> Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY > table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be > useful? > >> > >> Many thanks in advance > >> > >> Paul > >> > >

Clem Cole

5:46 p.m.

No worries, I already did -- but I also sent it back to the pubs' folks at USENIX. They have slowing scanning the print archives on an as-needed basis; which is where it belongs. ᐧ On Sun, Apr 25, 2021 at 1:32 PM <arnold(a)skeeve.com> wrote:

...

And maybe give to Warren too? :-) Clem Cole <clemc(a)ccc.com> wrote:

yes i'll mail under separate cover a scan ᐧ On Sun, Apr 25, 2021 at 11:47 AM Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote: > By now found some more clues, in particular this link: >

http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm

> > Apparently I am talking about PCC and PCC2 in the below question. > > The first post mentions 4 papers. They can be found online, apart from

the

> USENIX one: > "Four Generations of Portable C Compiler" by D.M. Kristol (1986 Summer > USENIX Conference Proceedings) > > Anybody have that? > > The second post mentions official documentation: > > "In porting QCC, a useful text is the "Portable C Compiler - > Version 2 (PCC2) Internals". It includes documentation of > stin file formats, PCC2 tree forms, debugging flags, and > compiler #defines. The manual is expensive so it's worth it > most if you buy it before you figure it all out doing a > port. Since the manual is based on PCC2 (and hasn't been > updated), it's a good starting point, but doesn't have the > latest information.” > > Anybody have that? (It is not on bitsavers) > > Paul > > > On 25 Apr 2021, at 14:49, arnold(a)skeeve.com wrote:

> > Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look > > at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git

mirror at

> > git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived

> > HTH,

> > Arnold

> > Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl> wrote:

> >> For clarity and ease of reference: > >> > >> - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: > http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 < > http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512> > >> > >> - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is

for

> instance in the SysIII source: >

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta…

> < >

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta…

> >> > >> - The new style description in 8th edition is here: >

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin> > > >> > > >> - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is > > here:

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y

> < >

https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y >

> > >> > > >> > > >> ==== > > >> > > >> Sometimes one thing leads to another. > > >> > > >> Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board > > systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a

> rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation

with

> the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. > >> > >> My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with

the

> Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to > explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 -

which

> may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded

some

> issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. > >> > >> This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as > described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it

uses

> a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is > translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then > looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use

this

> “stin” file. > >> > >> All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to > derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition

lineage.

> >> > >> A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the > STY format. > >> > >> Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the

STY

> table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would

be > > useful? > > >> > > >> Many thanks in advance > > >> > > >> Paul > > >>

Paul Ruizendaal

8:11 p.m.

...

On Apr 25, 2021, at 7:11 PM, Clem Cole <clemc(a)ccc.com> wrote: yes i'll mail under separate cover a scan ᐧ On Sun, Apr 25, 2021 at 11:47 AM Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl <mailto:pnr@planet.nl>> wrote: By now found some more clues, in particular this link: http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm <http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm> Apparently I am talking about PCC and PCC2 in the below question. The first post mentions 4 papers. They can be found online, apart from the USENIX one: "Four Generations of Portable C Compiler" by D.M. Kristol (1986 Summer USENIX Conference Proceedings) Anybody have that? The second post mentions official documentation: "In porting QCC, a useful text is the "Portable C Compiler - Version 2 (PCC2) Internals". It includes documentation of stin file formats, PCC2 tree forms, debugging flags, and compiler #defines. The manual is expensive so it's worth it most if you buy it before you figure it all out doing a port. Since the manual is based on PCC2 (and hasn't been updated), it's a good starting point, but doesn't have the latest information.” Anybody have that? (It is not on bitsavers) Paul

On 25 Apr 2021, at 14:49, arnold(a)skeeve.com <mailto:arnold@skeeve.com> wrote: Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git mirror at git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived <http://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived> HTH, Arnold Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl <mailto:pnr@planet.nl>> wrote: > For clarity and ease of reference: > > - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512> <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512>> > > - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for instance in the SysIII source: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c> <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c>> > > - The new style description in 8th edition is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin> <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin>> > > - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y> <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y>> > > > ==== > > Sometimes one thing leads to another. > > Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. > > My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. > > This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this “stin” file. > > All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage. > > A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the STY format. > > Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be useful? > > Many thanks in advance > > Paul >

Paul Ruizendaal

30 Apr 30 Apr

11:08 p.m.

I’m still playing with PCC2. I’ve solved the issue with building an ILP32 version, but the ’stin’ file remains equally intriguing and mysterious. Unfortunately, it seems that PCC2 retargeting manual is lost - so this list appears my best source. From the paper that Clem shared, I get the general idea behind PCC2 and its tree tile covering algorithm: it does a full top-down search, matching on the basis of operations (“OPCODES”) and addressing modes (“SHAPES”). In general, the cost of a tile is estimated as the sum of the number of memory accesses and the number of instructions (normally 1). The SHAPES section of a ’stin’ file defines the addressing modes, and the OPCODES section defines instructions for operations. The instructions are specified as macros, similar in style to PCC or the dmr compiler. What I find difficult to understand is the role of the “needs” field. The grammer for the ’stin’ pre-processor has the following comment about the ’needs’ field: 1,2,3 Number of needed registers $P need pairs $< share left $> share right $L result left $R result right $1,2,3 result in reg 1, 2, 3 $C operation produces correct condition codes $N no value produced: side effects only $A need them all $[ share left, RHS is preferred (if a temp register) $] share right, RHS is preferred (if a temp register) $l left side is referenced once more $r right side is referenced once more I am puzzled as to how 'needs' should be read. Are the needs properties of or requirements for the tile? Or both? For example, here is two lines from the ’stin’ file for the 68K: operation: = shapes: SAWD[sus], SAWD[sus] (means: operands must be "signed/unsigned addressable short words") needs: {$C} macro: "mov.w AR,AL" operation: = shapes: LAWD[lul], LAWD[lul] needs: {$C $l $r} macro: "mov.l AR,AL” Does this mean that instruction sets the condition codes as a side effect, or does it say that the line must be used when the conditions codes are required?. Why are the left and right side used once more for move.l but not for move.w? And why is the below a separate definition on yet another line? operation: = shapes: LAWD[lul], LAWD[lul] needs: {$R $l $r} macro: “RL!R mov.l AR,AL” Hopefully there is somebody on the list who has worked with PCC2 and still remembers about the ’needs’ field. Paul

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Thank you, that Usenix paper is most helpful. In short, there were (at least) 4 generations of PCC: PCC, PCC2, QCC and RCC. The first two by SCJ and the latter two by Kristol. PCC2 seems to go back to about 1980, and QCC and RCC were created in the first half of 1985. The C compiler in 8th Edition seems to be PCC2 based. For ease of reference I’ve put the M68K compiler that is included in the Blit source tree (https://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dan_Cross_v8/ <https://www.tuhs.org/Archive/Distributions/Research/Dan_Cross_v8/>) here: https://gitlab.com/pnru/pcc2_m68k <https://gitlab.com/pnru/pcc2_m68k> Anybody who has some more info on how to read a “stin” file, please share. Paul > On Apr 25, 2021, at 7:11 PM, Clem Cole <clemc(a)ccc.com <mailto:clemc@ccc.com>> wrote: > > yes i'll mail under separate cover a scan > ᐧ > > On Sun, Apr 25, 2021 at 11:47 AM Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl <mailto:pnr@planet.nl>> wrote: > By now found some more clues, in particular this link: > http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm <http://computer-programming-forum.com/47-c-language/fab825b2dce1aa59.htm> > > Apparently I am talking about PCC and PCC2 in the below question. > > The first post mentions 4 papers. They can be found online, apart from the USENIX one: > "Four Generations of Portable C Compiler" by D.M. Kristol (1986 Summer USENIX Conference Proceedings) > > Anybody have that? > > The second post mentions official documentation: > > "In porting QCC, a useful text is the "Portable C Compiler - > Version 2 (PCC2) Internals". It includes documentation of > stin file formats, PCC2 tree forms, debugging flags, and > compiler #defines. The manual is expensive so it's worth it > most if you buy it before you figure it all out doing a > port. Since the manual is based on PCC2 (and hasn't been > updated), it's a good starting point, but doesn't have the > latest information.” > > Anybody have that? (It is not on bitsavers) > > Paul > > > On 25 Apr 2021, at 14:49, arnold(a)skeeve.com <mailto:arnold@skeeve.com> wrote: > > > > Not an answer to your questions, but you may want to take a look > > at the PCC Revived project. It lives in CVS, but I have a git mirror at > > git://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived <http://github.com/arnoldrobbins/pcc-revived> > > > > HTH, > > > > Arnold > > > > Paul Ruizendaal <pnr(a)planet.nl <mailto:pnr@planet.nl>> wrote: > > > >> For clarity and ease of reference: > >> > >> - The “Tour of paper” is for instance here: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512> <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512 <http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.3512>> > >> > >> - A machine description for the VAX that matches with that paper is for instance in the SysIII source: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/ta… <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c> <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=SysIII/usr/src/cmd/cc/vax/pcc/table.c>> > >> > >> - The new style description in 8th edition is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin> <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/vax/stin>> > >> > >> - The program that translates the “stin” file to a “table.c” file is here: https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y> <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y <https://www.tuhs.org/cgi-bin/utree.pl?file=V8/usr/src/cmd/ccom/common/sty.y>> > >> > >> > >> ==== > >> > >> Sometimes one thing leads to another. > >> > >> Following the recent mention of some retro-brew 68K single board systems, I decided to build a CB030 board (in progress). I figure it is a rough proxy for a 1980 VAX and would allow for some experimentation with the 32V / SysIII / 8th edition code. > >> > >> My first thought was to use the M68K compiler that is included with the Blit sources (see THUS Archive for this), as I had used that before to explore some of the Blit source. That compiler is LP32, not ILP32 - which may be a source of trouble. Just changing the SZINT parameter yielded some issues, so I started looking at the PCC source. > >> > >> This source does not have a “table.c” in the well known format as described in the “A tour of the portable C compiler” paper. Instead it uses a file “stin” which appears to be in a more compact format and is translated into a “table.c” file by a new pre-processor ("sty.y”). Then looking at the VAX compilers for 8th and 10th edition, these too use this “stin” file. > >> > >> All the other m68K compilers (based on pcc) that I found appear to derive from the V7/32V/SysIII lineage, not from the 8th edition lineage. > >> > >> A quick google did not yield much background or documentation on the STY format. > >> > >> Anybody on this list that can shed some light on the history of the STY table and on how to use it? Any surviving reports or memos that would be useful? > >> > >> Many thanks in advance > >> > >> Paul > >> >

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