I've been trying to set up an emulated PDP-11 running 2.11 BSD. Just for
the fun, I'm trying to get the 11 to talk on a LAN. Unfortunately, it's
not working.
My configuration is Begemot P11 Version 2.7 running under
FreeBSD 4.1.1. I've booted 2.11, configured a custom networking kernel,
installed the unix and netnix images, changed the IP addresses in
/etc/hosts to match my LAN, run mkhosts to rebuild /etc/hosts.dir and
/etc/hosts.pag and rebooted.
On the P11 front, I've built a fake qma.rom file populated with zeros --
just like the P11 README file said, made sure that I had a tun driver
configured in my FreeBSD system, and started P11. Then I did an
ifconfig tun0 host-IP-address emulator-IP-address up
Running ifconfig on the host confirmed that things *seemed* to be OK:
# ifconfig tun0
tun0: flags=8051<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1518
inet6 fe80::260:8ff:febd:5882%tun0 --> :: prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xb
inet host-IP-address --> emulator-IP-address netmask 0xffff0000
Opened by PID 32199
The IP addresses are identical in the first three octets, and differ only
in the last octet.
Unfortunately, once I boot 2.11 BSD, I can't contact the "outside
world" from the emulator, nor contact the emulator from the
outside. No telnet, no ftp, pings just hang.
Everything looks OK from inside:
# ifconfig qe0
qe0: flags=63<UP,BROADCAST,NOTRAILERS,RUNNING>
inet emulator-IP-address netmask ffff0000 broadcast Bcast-IP
What am I missing?
Thanks in advance,
Frank
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Date: Wed, 4 Oct 2000 09:17:22 +0930
From: Greg Lehey <grog(a)lemis.com>
To: Frank Wortner <frank(a)wortner.com>
Cc: PDP-11 Unix Preservation Society <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>,
Hartmut Brandt <brandt(a)fokus.gmd.de>,
Joerg Micheel <joerg(a)begemot.org>
Subject: Re: [pups] Networking With 2.11 BSD and Begemot Emulator
Message-ID: <20001004091722.C1760(a)wantadilla.lemis.com>
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On Tuesday, 3 October 2000 at 16:02:17 -0400, Frank Wortner wrote:
> I've been trying to set up an emulated PDP-11 running 2.11 BSD. Just for
> the fun, I'm trying to get the 11 to talk on a LAN. Unfortunately, it's
> not working.
There's a bug. It used to work, and *something* changed. I've been
meaning to look at it, but it's currently waiting on the tuit queue.
> My configuration is Begemot P11 Version 2.7 running under
> FreeBSD 4.1.1. I've booted 2.11, configured a custom networking kernel,
> installed the unix and netnix images, changed the IP addresses in
> /etc/hosts to match my LAN, run mkhosts to rebuild /etc/hosts.dir and
> /etc/hosts.pag and rebooted.
>
> On the P11 front, I've built a fake qma.rom file populated with zeros --
> just like the P11 README file said, made sure that I had a tun driver
> configured in my FreeBSD system, and started P11.
I know the README says this will work, but I haven't been able to get
it to work that way. Somewhere I have a real image; I'll see if I can
find it.
Greg
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>From "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com> Wed Oct 4 10:11:10 2000
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Date: Tue, 3 Oct 2000 17:11:10 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
Message-Id: <200010040011.RAA09035(a)moe.2bsd.com>
To: frank(a)wortner.com, pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Subject: Re: [pups] Networking With 2.11 BSD and Begemot Emulator
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Hi --
> From: Frank Wortner <frank(a)wortner.com>
>
> I've been trying to set up an emulated PDP-11 running 2.11 BSD. Just for
> the fun, I'm trying to get the 11 to talk on a LAN. Unfortunately, it's...
>
> My configuration is Begemot P11 Version 2.7 running under
> FreeBSD 4.1.1. I've booted 2.11, configured a custom networking kernel,
> installed the unix and netnix images, changed the IP addresses in...
>
> ifconfig tun0 host-IP-address emulator-IP-address up
>
> # ifconfig tun0
> tun0: flags=8051<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1518
> inet6 fe80::260:8ff:febd:5882%tun0 --> :: prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xb
> inet host-IP-address --> emulator-IP-address netmask 0xffff0000
> Opened by PID 32199
>
> The IP addresses are identical in the first three octets, and differ only
> in the last octet.
>
> Unfortunately, once I boot 2.11 BSD, I can't contact the "outside
> world" from the emulator, nor contact the emulator from the
> outside. No telnet, no ftp, pings just hang.
> What am I missing?
You're missing ARP.
'tun' only works with IP - ARP packets are not IP and do not pass
thru the 'if_tun' driver.
I have (using BSD/OS 4.1's if_tun which is probably the same as
FreeBSD's) an emulated 11 going quite nicely.
What you need to do ON THE 11's SIDE, is populate his arp table with
the information about any host on the local LAN that the 11 will
want to talk to
In /etc/netstart on the 11 side just after the 'ifconfig' lines:
ifconfig qe0 inet netmask $netmask $hostname broadcast $broadcast up -trailers >/dev/console 2>&1
# ifconfig sl0 inet 192.254.254.2 192.254.254.1 -arp -trailers >/dev/console 2>&1
# slattach /dev/ttyS6 9600
# Next line needed when running under the Begemot emulator
arp -s 206.139.202.1 "0:0:c:3d:e9:f7" pub
arp -s 206.139.202.51 "0:a0:24:78:9c:21" pub
arp -s 206.139.202.200 "0:90:27:88:64:74" pub
arp -s 206.139.202.201 "08:0:2b:f:5b:a6" pub
arp -s 206.139.202.209 "0:40:5:a4:72:27" pub
ifconfig lo0 inet localhost up -trailers >/dev/console 2>&1
Typically you only need the ARP info for the hosting system and
the default gateway.
Oh, there's a bug in P11 that after 25 days of calendar up time the
clock on the 11 basically stops ticking. I've a fix I came up with
(and submitted to the author) but it'll be a couple weeks until I
know for sure if it's the right fix (32bit overflow in a calculation).
Steven Schultz
sms(a)to.gd-es.com
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>From Greg Lehey <grog(a)lemis.com> Wed Oct 4 11:29:11 2000
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Date: Wed, 4 Oct 2000 10:59:11 +0930
From: Greg Lehey <grog(a)lemis.com>
To: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
Cc: frank(a)wortner.com, pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Subject: Re: [pups] Networking With 2.11 BSD and Begemot Emulator
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On Tuesday, 3 October 2000 at 17:11:10 -0700, Steven M. Schultz wrote:
> Hi --
>
>> From: Frank Wortner <frank(a)wortner.com>
>>
>> I've been trying to set up an emulated PDP-11 running 2.11 BSD. Just for
>> the fun, I'm trying to get the 11 to talk on a LAN. Unfortunately, it's...
>>
>> My configuration is Begemot P11 Version 2.7 running under
>> FreeBSD 4.1.1. I've booted 2.11, configured a custom networking kernel,
>> installed the unix and netnix images, changed the IP addresses in...
>>
>> ifconfig tun0 host-IP-address emulator-IP-address up
>>
>> # ifconfig tun0
>> tun0: flags=8051<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1518
>> inet6 fe80::260:8ff:febd:5882%tun0 --> :: prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xb
>> inet host-IP-address --> emulator-IP-address netmask 0xffff0000
>> Opened by PID 32199
>>
>> The IP addresses are identical in the first three octets, and differ only
>> in the last octet.
>>
>> Unfortunately, once I boot 2.11 BSD, I can't contact the "outside
>> world" from the emulator, nor contact the emulator from the
>> outside. No telnet, no ftp, pings just hang.
>> What am I missing?
>
> You're missing ARP.
>
> 'tun' only works with IP - ARP packets are not IP and do not pass
> thru the 'if_tun' driver.
>
> I have (using BSD/OS 4.1's if_tun which is probably the same as
> FreeBSD's) an emulated 11 going quite nicely.
>
> What you need to do ON THE 11's SIDE, is populate his arp table with
> the information about any host on the local LAN that the 11 will
> want to talk to
I didn't need to do this when I had the emulated net running. I did
set the netmask to 255.255.255.255, though, and put the default route
through that interface.
Greg
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>From "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com> Wed Oct 4 11:59:45 2000
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Date: Tue, 3 Oct 2000 18:59:45 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
Message-Id: <200010040159.SAA09659(a)moe.2bsd.com>
To: grog(a)lemis.com, sms(a)moe.2bsd.com
Subject: Re: [pups] Networking With 2.11 BSD and Begemot Emulator
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> From: Greg Lehey <grog(a)lemis.com>
>
> I didn't need to do this when I had the emulated net running. I did
> set the netmask to 255.255.255.255, though, and put the default route
> through that interface.
I thought you mentioned using the 'tap' driver rather than 'tun'
at one time. If my memory hasn't failed me that would explain
why it worked since 'tap' passes ARP traffic.
The missing piece I forgot earlier was on the hosting machine's
side to publish an ARP entry for the simulated 11.
Just after ifconfig'ing tun0 up use the hosting system's mac address:
ifconfig tun0 206.139.202.200 206.139.202.203 up
arp -s shemp 0:90:27:88:64:74 pub
I'm not sure how ARP can be made to work thru the 'tun' device.
Without ARP on an ethernet I am not aware of any 'routing' that
can fill in the mac addresses in the ethernet packets.
Try pub'ing the arp entries and see if that works. Might try 'tap'
instead of 'tun' if you're looking for something else to try.
Steven Schultz
In article by Netguru:
> A friend of mine has some Digital RL02
> discs.
>
> We had the PDP/11 running at a TV station from
> 1987 to 1992.
>
> The maintenence port was surged and the console
> terminal wouldn't respond after that.
>
> The entire system is intact ;
> 1-PDP/11 frame
> 3-RL02 drives
> 18-RL02 33MB discs with many archives on them
> 5-vt52 terms
>
> he needs some parts to get it running / or
> some tech info on how to get the data off the discs
> (prefer access to a card for the PDP/11)
>
> anyway I think we all could benefit from this old system
> coming to life !!
>
> Sincerely William Castle
> Technology Integration Consultant
> CCS - Kalkaska Michigan U.S.A.
Hi William, I'll pass this on to a PDP-11 Unix mailing list for some ideas.
You might also like to try the Usenet newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp11, vmsnet.pdp-11.
Cheers,
Warren
On Friday, 18 August 2000 at 13:37:39 -0500, Spoof wrote:
> Hello!
Sorry, this languished in my inbox for a while because it didn't have
a recognizable subject. I don't recognize the machines, either, but
maybe somebody on the PUPS list does.
Greg
> If you are receiving this email, it is because I found your name during a
> websearch about 'classic computing'. At any rate, I have obtained two
> computers and I'd like to find out what they are. if you could help me
> identfy them i would greatly appreciate it. I was told by the source of
> these computers (who seemed very convinvced) that they were PDP-4
> computers. Every site I've seen that covers the pdp-4 says that there were
> only about 50 of them ever sold. However, Digital's own site does mention
> that some were sold for nuclear applications, and the computers I got were
> indeed from a nuclear lab.
>
> The thing is, there doesnt seem to be any mention of "Digital" or the PDP
> name anywhere.
>
> I'll describe the computers:
>
> One looks newer, it says "Tracor Northern TN-1610" on the faceplate. It
> has 18 ligts across the face and 18 switches directly below, in a bank
> labeled "Switch Register". There is another bank of 6 ligts labeled "RUN,
> CPU BUS, VIRT, PWR, BUS, USER"
> There is a small bank of 3 switches labeled ADDR/DATA, PHYS/VIRT, and INTR.
> There is a last bank of 6 switches labelled LOAD ADDR, EXAM, CONT,
> ENAB/HALT, START, LOAD DATA. There is also a power switch.
> On the bottom of the faceplate is a logo raised in plastic which I didn't
> understand until I looked inside the case and found a circuit board which
> said "California Data Procesors" (the logo said "CDP" in a funky '60s
> style), I've never heard of CDP- perhaps I heard "PDP4" when he actually
> said "CDP-4"?
>
> The second computer looks older. (1960's vs. 1970s).
> It's faceplate says "ND812" and "Nuclear Data Inc". There is a rotating
> switch labelled "Select Register" with the following positions: Status, S,
> R, K, J, Address, PC, External.
> There is a keyswitch with three postions: Power off, Power on, Control off.
> There is a bank of 12 lights, labelled "Selected Register", the lights are
> labelled 0-11 and an extra (13th) light labeled "Overflow".
>
> There is another bank of 12 lights, labeled "memory Register", again
> labeled 0-11. Next to it is a pair of lights labeled "Memory Field" 0 or 1.
> next to that is another pair of lights labeled "Run" and "Interrupt.
>
> Under the lights is a bank of 12 switches labeled "Switch Register".
>
> There are two switches simply labeled 0 and 1.
>
> There are two switches labeled Start and Stop
>
> Another two switches labeled Load AR and Load MR
>
> Another two labeled Next Word and Cont
>
> And another two labeled Step and Instr
>
>
> The older computer seems put together in a complicated sort of way (stacked
> PCB's wired together) whereas the newer one is more modular (I.E. large
> cards that are simply slide in and out of sockets.)
>
> Both seem to have core memory but it's arranged in such a way that I can't
> actually see it with out breaking some paper seals which I dont want to do
> unless necessary. The parts of the boards that I can see have intricate
> patterns that seem to indicate core memory (plus the guy told me that they
> both used core mem).
>
> I have a (kind of lousy) digital camera and i can take pictures of the
> faceplates if you think this might help in your identification.
>
> As I said, both were in use in a lab. The older one has a set of two tape
> drives (they look to be regular audio cassette size) and the newer one has
> one tape drive. However I was supplied with piles of punched tape programs
> (i guess there was a tape reader with these computers at some point?) i was
> given a lot of documentation but most of it has "NDI" written on it and it
> is about taking nuclear data measurements.
> Both are in large rackmount cases (which I don't have) and were mounted
> with other equipment.
>
>
> I'm interested to know what these computers are, how much they cost when
> new, and what their capabilities are. Supposedly they were replaced by a
> single $4000 MCI interface card in a PC.
>
> If you have no idea but you think you know someone who might, please do not
> hesitate to suggest that person to me.
>
> Thank you for taking the time to read this email.
>
> -Kev
>
>
> _____________________________________________
> Free email with personality! Over 200 domains!
> http://www.MyOwnEmail.com
>
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an electrician came in to my place of employment last week and installed
some new lighting in the "engineering junkyard" which was previously a
very dark place. The new light prompted me to do some exploring, and in
doing so, I spotted a heath H11!
unfortunately, it looks like the case has been stripped, as only one
half-height board remains in the cardcage. The handle is labeled "Heath
Serial I/O." I threw it on a flatbed scanner and the pictures are here:
http://www.poofygoof.com/~agrier/lsi11f.jpghttp://www.poofygoof.com/~agrier/lsi11b.jpg
Is this one of heathkit's almost-like-DEC-but-not-quite boards?
--
Aaron J. Grier | "Not your ordinary poofy goof." | agrier(a)poofygoof.com
What I have:
11/83, QBUS, 2MB, DH11, running RT-11 5.04 plus TSX
- Kermit is installed on the machine
2x CDC 384MB SMD disks attached to Emulex Controller emulating MSCP
1 DigiData 800/1600 BPI 9-track drive attached to TM-11 emulating
controller
What I need:
Way to get 2.11BSD onto one of the CDC drives (preferably not
to one with RT-11).
How I can do that:
1. Kermit transfer of 2.11BSD images to RT-11
q1. Is there a way to then transfer from RT-11 to one
of the CDC disks?
q2. Is there a way to then transfer from RT-11 to tape
images on the DigiData?
2. A kind soul sends me a set of 9-track 2.11BSD tapes with
boot images.
3. Other?
Any takers?
Thanks!
greg
Gregory Travis
Cornerstone Information Systems ATS
greg(a)ciswired.com
812 330 4361 ext. 18
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>From "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com> Mon Aug 14 11:30:40 2000
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Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2000 18:30:40 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
Message-Id: <200008140130.SAA18988(a)moe.2bsd.com>
To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au
Subject: Re: [pups] Needed 2.11BSD 9-track boot tapes
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> From: "Gregory R. Travis" <greg(a)ciswired.com>
> What I have:
>
> 11/83, QBUS, 2MB, DH11, running RT-11 5.04 plus TSX
> - Kermit is installed on the machine
> 2x CDC 384MB SMD disks attached to Emulex Controller emulating MSCP
> 1 DigiData 800/1600 BPI 9-track drive attached to TM-11 emulating
> controller
It wouldn't happen to be an Emulex UC07 or UC08 would it? If so
there are a couple possibilities that open up.
> How I can do that:
> 1. Kermit transfer of 2.11BSD images to RT-11
Slow but sure - the sum total of data to move is close to 80mb
> q1. Is there a way to then transfer from RT-11 to one
> of the CDC disks?
I don't think RT-11 understands the 2.11BSD filesystem so I don't think
this approach can be made to work.
> q2. Is there a way to then transfer from RT-11 to tape
> images on the DigiData?
This can be made to work but it depends on having a program that can
transfer the the files "bytes as bytes" (no record format
interpretation, etc) _and_ handle multiple blocking factors on the
first tape.
If you have the PDP-11 volume of the archives you should see in the
PDP-11/Distributions/ucb/2.11BSD directory two files called 'maketape.c'
and 'maketape.data'. It's a small program and if a counterpart to
that could be created for RT-11 you'd be all set to go.
The layout of the first tape normally is:
mtboot+mtboot+boot (512 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
disklabel (1024 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
mkfs (1024 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
restor (1024 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
icheck (1024 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
root.dump (10240 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
file6.tar (10240 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
file7.tar (10240 byte blocking factor)
<tapemark>
<tapemark>
The 2nd tape contains file8.tar blocked at 10240 bytes.
The "boot" tape really only need to have the first few files, up to
and including 'root.dump'. Those are enough to boot the tape,
run the standalone utilties to label the disk, create the filesystem
and restor the root filesystem. The tar archives can be (with
suitable interpolation of the installation instructions) be placed
on individual tapes. This may be necessary because file7.tar may or
may not fit any longer on the first tape.
Why three blocking factors? Well, partly historical and partly
hardware reasons. The first "file" contains the 'bootblock' and that
needs to be 512 bytes since that's all the hardware will read. The
standalone i/o system uses 1024 byte blocks so the next few files
use 1k records. After the standalone utilities are done and the
system is loaded 'tar' can use its default 20 sector (10kb) record
size.
> 2. A kind soul sends me a set of 9-track 2.11BSD tapes with
> boot images.
My tape drive may or may not work - it's been ages since it was
last powered up and I fear the rubber parts may have disintegrated
(or the capacitors dried out, etc).
> 3. Other?
If you could find a TK70+TQK70 drive+controller that would be awesome.
They're pretty cheap (less than $100 I believe - I didn't pay much
for mine). Or even a TK50 drive (almost free) attached to a TQK70
would be fine. The TQK70 is a vastly better controller than the TQK50
because the former has a buffer cache that makes a huge difference
is how often the tape stops moving.
If the Emulex controller you have is SCSI based (UC07 or 08) then
someone could stage and make available a 2.11BSD Zip disk image
with all the stuff needed to boot and run the installation proceedure
(I've a Zip disk attached to my UC08 - works great).
Alternatively a 2.11 formatted CDROM could be created and a CDrom
drive (that knew about 512 byte blocks instead of 2048 byte blocks)
could be used.
Good Luck!
Steven Schultz
sms(a)moe.2bsd.com
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>From "Gregory R. Travis" <greg(a)ciswired.com> Mon Aug 14 13:25:30 2000
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Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2000 22:25:30 -0500 (EST)
From: "Gregory R. Travis" <greg(a)ciswired.com>
To: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
cc: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.oz.au
Subject: Re: [pups] Needed 2.11BSD 9-track boot tapes
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On Sun, 13 Aug 2000, Steven M. Schultz wrote:
> > From: "Gregory R. Travis" <greg(a)ciswired.com>
> > What I have:
> >
> > 11/83, QBUS, 2MB, DH11, running RT-11 5.04 plus TSX
> > - Kermit is installed on the machine
> > 2x CDC 384MB SMD disks attached to Emulex Controller emulating MSCP
> > 1 DigiData 800/1600 BPI 9-track drive attached to TM-11 emulating
> > controller
>
> It wouldn't happen to be an Emulex UC07 or UC08 would it? If so
> there are a couple possibilities that open up.
No, it's a DigiData board. Single QBUS board. Two 40-pin connectors.
>
> > How I can do that:
> > 1. Kermit transfer of 2.11BSD images to RT-11
>
> Slow but sure - the sum total of data to move is close to 80mb
I've already been waiting a few weeks :-)
> This can be made to work but it depends on having a program that can
> transfer the the files "bytes as bytes" (no record format
> interpretation, etc) _and_ handle multiple blocking factors on the
> first tape.
>
> If you have the PDP-11 volume of the archives you should see in the
> PDP-11/Distributions/ucb/2.11BSD directory two files called 'maketape.c'
> and 'maketape.data'. It's a small program and if a counterpart to
> that could be created for RT-11 you'd be all set to go.
Yeah, it's the RT-11 part that I don't know. It's a little hard to believe
that in 20+ years no-one has come up with an RT-11 program to build
UNIX distribution tapes! :-) (again)
> > 2. A kind soul sends me a set of 9-track 2.11BSD tapes with
> > boot images.
>
> My tape drive may or may not work - it's been ages since it was
> last powered up and I fear the rubber parts may have disintegrated
> (or the capacitors dried out, etc).
The Windex and electrical tape are on me. Did I mention that I would
happiliy provide 9-track boot service in the future? That is.
once I can get a system running!
> If the Emulex controller you have is SCSI based (UC07 or 08) then
> someone could stage and make available a 2.11BSD Zip disk image
> with all the stuff needed to boot and run the installation proceedure
> (I've a Zip disk attached to my UC08 - works great).
> Alternatively a 2.11 formatted CDROM could be created and a CDrom
> drive (that knew about 512 byte blocks instead of 2048 byte blocks)
> could be used.
Not SCSI, SMD/MSCP/Pertec formatted unfortunately
greg
Gregory Travis
Cornerstone Information Systems ATS
greg(a)ciswired.com
812 330 4361 ext. 18
HI!
> From: Jorgen Pehrson <jp(a)spektr.eu.org>
> I've just installed 2.11BSD on one of my PDPs, from a TK50 tape I just
> re-discovered in the trunk of my car. And now I'm in the process of
Wow - those TK50s are quite robust to survive being stored in the
truck of a car. I've had audio tapes that did not survive ;)
> applying patches. When I installed patch 412 and started to rebuild the
> kernel, ld complains with a "ld: too big for type 431".
> Does this means that I have to rearrange stuff between the BASE and the
> various OV entries?
Indeed it does mean exactly that.
> How can I find out which overlay is too big? I've tried to do a:
> 138% root--> size unix.o
Yep - that is the correct method.
> text data bss dec hex
> 52352 6928 37622 96902 17a86 total text: 115520
> overlays: 7680,7232,7808,7744,4864,8576,4736,6848,7680
>
> How big is too big? And also if none of the overlays above are too big, I
> guess it must be the BASE that is too big?
I thought I wrote this up at one time but I may have only thought
about it ;)
> Is there some sort of documentation anywhere that describe this voodoo
> stuff and black magic a bit?
Is it in one an Appendix to the "Setup&Installation" document?
In the case above it is OV6 (overlays are numbered from 1) that is
too big.
The rules are:
1) BASE can be 56kb (57344) max
2) OVerlays can be 8kb (8192) max
3) There can be no 0 length overlays (except for the very
last one).
> Any suggestions on what .o file I should move to what overlay?
Look at the Makefile - you should see a line that starts "OV6=". Do
a "size" on the .o files listed for OV6. Pick one that will fix
elsewhere - I'd suggest OV5 since it is only 4864 bytes and has lots
of room. You could also move a .o file to the BASE since it has
adequate room also.
Steven Schultz
sms(a)moe.2bsd.com
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>From "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com> Tue Aug 1 03:12:43 2000
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Date: Mon, 31 Jul 2000 10:12:43 -0700 (PDT)
From: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
Message-Id: <200007311712.KAA02116(a)moe.2bsd.com>
To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au, rblair(a)webteksdesign.com
Subject: Re: [pups] makesimtape.c
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Hi!
> From: "Ryan Blair" <rblair(a)webteksdesign.com>
>
> While reading back through the mailing list messages, trying to find out why
> my tape images never seem to work, I came across a program that I cannot
> seem to find. It was mentioned lately as "makesimtape.c" but I cannot find
> it anywhere in the archives. Anybody have a lead on this?
Yep - I have a lead (not too surprising since I wrote the program :))
I think the program's present in the PUPS archive in the top of
the 2.11 tree area but it may have been relocated or whatever over
time.
Here's the program - it should compile on just about anything that
has the 'mtio' ioctl functions. It is very similar to 'maketape'
(intentional since makesimtape.c started out as a copy of maketape.c).
Steven Schultz
moe.2bsd.com
--------------------------
/*
* @(#)makesimtape.c 2.1 (2.11BSD) 1998/12/31
* Hacked 'maketape.c' to write a file in a format suitable for
* use with Bob Supnik's PDP-11 simulator (V2.3) emulated tape
* driver.
*
* NOTE: a PDP-11 has to flip the shorts within the long when writing out
* the record size. Seems a PDP-11 is neither a little-endian
* machine nor a big-endian one.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/uio.h>
#define MAXB 30
char buf[MAXB * 512];
char name[50];
long recsz, flipped, trl();
int blksz;
int mt, fd, cnt;
struct iovec iovec[3];
struct iovec tmark[2];
void usage();
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
int i, j = 0, k = 0;
long zero = 0;
register char *outfile = NULL, *infile = NULL;
FILE *mf;
struct stat st;
while ((i = getopt(argc, argv, "i:o:")) != EOF)
{
switch (i)
{
case 'o':
outfile = optarg;
break;
case 'i':
infile = optarg;
break;
default:
usage();
/* NOTREACHED */
}
}
if (!outfile || !infile)
usage();
/* NOTREACHED */
/*
* Stat the outfile and make sure it either 1) Does not exist, or
* 2) Exists but is a regular file.
*/
if (stat(outfile, &st) != -1 && !(S_ISREG(st.st_mode)))
errx(1, "outfile must either not exist or be a regular file");
/* NOTREACHED */
mt = open(outfile, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0600);
if (mt < 0)
err(1, "Can not create %s", outfile);
/* NOTREACHED */
mf = fopen(infile, "r");
if (!mf)
err(1, "Can not open %s", infile);
/* NOTREACHED*/
tmark[0].iov_len = sizeof (long);
tmark[0].iov_base = (char *)&zero;
while (1)
{
if ((i = fscanf(mf, "%s %d", name, &blksz))== EOF)
exit(0);
if (i != 2) {
fprintf(stderr,"Help! Scanf didn't read 2 things (%d)\n", i);
exit(1);
}
if (blksz <= 0 || blksz > MAXB)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Block size %u is invalid\n", blksz);
exit(1);
}
recsz = blksz * 512; /* convert to bytes */
iovec[0].iov_len = sizeof (recsz);
#ifdef pdp11
iovec[0].iov_base = (char *)&flipped;
#else
iovec[0].iov_base = (char *)&recsz;
#endif
iovec[1].iov_len = (int)recsz;
iovec[1].iov_base = buf;
iovec[2].iov_len = iovec[0].iov_len;
iovec[2].iov_base = iovec[0].iov_base;
if (strcmp(name, "*") == 0)
{
if (writev(mt, tmark, 1) < 0)
warn(1, "writev of pseudo tapemark failed");
k++;
continue;
}
fd = open(name, 0);
if (fd < 0)
err(1, "Can't open %s for reading", name);
/* NOTREACHED */
printf("%s: block %d, file %d\n", name, j, k);
/*
* we pad the last record with nulls
* (instead of the bell std. of padding with trash).
* this allows you to access text files on the
* tape without garbage at the end of the file.
* (note that there is no record length associated
* with tape files)
*/
while ((cnt=read(fd, buf, (int)recsz)) == (int)recsz)
{
j++;
#ifdef pdp11
flipped = trl(recsz);
#endif
if (writev(mt, iovec, 3) < 0)
err(1, "writev #1");
/* NOTREACHED */
}
if (cnt > 0)
{
j++;
bzero(buf + cnt, (int)recsz - cnt);
#ifdef pdp11
flipped = trl(recsz);
#endif
if (writev(mt, iovec, 3) < 0)
err(1, "writev #2");
/* NOTREACHED */
}
close(fd);
}
/*
* Write two tape marks to simulate EOT
*/
writev(mt, tmark, 1);
writev(mt, tmark, 1);
}
long
trl(l)
long l;
{
union {
long l;
short s[2];
} foo;
register short x;
foo.l = l;
x = foo.s[0];
foo.s[0] = foo.s[1];
foo.s[1] = x;
return(foo.l);
}
void
usage()
{
fprintf(stderr, "usage: makesimtape -o outfilefile -i inputfile\n");
exit(1);
}
Hi,
I've just installed 2.11BSD on one of my PDPs, from a TK50 tape I just
re-discovered in the trunk of my car. And now I'm in the process of
applying patches. When I installed patch 412 and started to rebuild the
kernel, ld complains with a "ld: too big for type 431".
Does this means that I have to rearrange stuff between the BASE and the
various OV entries?
How can I find out which overlay is too big? I've tried to do a:
138% root--> size unix.o
text data bss dec hex
52352 6928 37622 96902 17a86 total text: 115520
overlays: 7680,7232,7808,7744,4864,8576,4736,6848,7680
How big is too big? And also if none of the overlays above are too big, I
guess it must be the BASE that is too big?
Is there some sort of documentation anywhere that describe this voodoo
stuff and black magic a bit?
Btw, I've put my makefile is at http://spektr.eu.org/~jp/Makefile.LOKE.
Any suggestions on what .o file I should move to what overlay?
Thanks!
--
Jörgen Pehrson jp(a)spektr.eu.org http://spektr.eu.org/~jp/
-----------------------------------------------------------
"i must say the linux community is a lot nicer than the unix
community. a negative comment on unix would warrent death
threats. with linux, it is like stirring up a nest of butterflies."
-- Ken Thompson. 1999
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>From "Ryan Blair" <rblair(a)webteksdesign.com> Sat Jul 29 07:12:05 2000
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From: "Ryan Blair" <rblair(a)webteksdesign.com>
To: <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>
Subject: [pups] makesimtape.c
Date: Fri, 28 Jul 2000 17:12:05 -0400
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While reading back through the mailing list messages, trying to find out why
my tape images never seem to work, I came across a program that I cannot
seem to find. It was mentioned lately as "makesimtape.c" but I cannot find
it anywhere in the archives. Anybody have a lead on this?
Thanks,
Ryan Blair
rblair(a)webteksdesign.com
400KB floppies, or even 1.4MB ones, may seem tiny now; but they should
hardly be undersized for a bare-bones V7 root file system. Remember
that disks weren't all that big in the late 1970s, and that one of the
important fixes in V7 was that it became possible to make a file system
bigger than 32MB.
The V7 version of the `Setting Up UNIX' paper doesn't say just how big
the root file system dump is, but the instructions say the file system
itself should have 5000 blocks: about 2.4MB. If the dump was that big,
it would have taken just over 6 RX50 diskettes. (But it probably wasn't
that big, because there must have been a good bit of free space in the
standard root--/tmp was there too!)
I once ran a stripped-down V7 off a single RK05 (2.5MB including swap)
for several days, during an air-conditioning crisis. The system wasn't
fully-functional, but there was enough there to let the secretarial staff
keep up with their typing, and even run troff.
The real trouble with the RX50 is not so much the size as the speed:
the damn things are painfully slow. I sometimes boot my V10 MicroVAXes
from RX50, as part of an experimental Jumpstart-like installation scheme.
The bare-bones installation environment requires only two floppies; the
real nuisance is that it takes several minutes to read them.
And, of course, V7 doesn't have an MSCP driver, since MSCP didn't hit the
streets until 1982 or so.
Norman Wilson
> > In the same rut as Andy Valencia:
> > I have tried booting the 2.11 BSD distribution that was in the boot images
> > directory, it has something like 9 disc pack images, and a script to boot it
> > with Supnik. Well, it boots all right, but I can't access most of the
> > filesystem, just the root, and even there most of the files seem corrupt. It
> > gets even worse when I try to shut it down. It will not even boot back up
> > after I shut it down in the emulator.
>
> I think all the 2.11BSD disk images in Boot_Images are suspect.
>
I ran the 2.11bsd_on_rl02 without problems on bob supnik's emulator. (you need to issue a mount -a command after booting in order to mount the 4 RL02 disk and the 5 RK packs in correct places)
I also ran the 2.11_rp_unknown on bob supnik's emulator and on p11.
It worked fine except that password files were corrupted (and contained unknown passwords)
So I replaced /etc/passwd*; /etc/master.passwd; /bin/passwd and /etc/mkpasswd (which was no present) with the files of the RL distribution
Now it works very good, on p11 emulator under linux 2.2 with networking support.
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>> 2.) Can it be done without a tape? If so, has anybody pulled it off?
> A ~32mb disk is going to be very tight for any 2BSD system. V7 will
> fit I think.
But does V7 have a MSCP disk driver? Recommending to someone that all they
have to do is write a driver when they don't even have a running machine yet
is, IMHO, a bit optimistic :-).
Of course, under the Mentec PDP-11 hobbyist program he could install
RT-11 or RSX-11 or MicroRSTS on such a machine quite nicely from a bunch
of RX50 or RX33 floppies he made from the Mentec CD-ROM's.
>> 3.) Are there any utilities, either DOS or UNIX/Linux/FreeBSD based, to write
>> and/or format RX50 floppies?
> Hmmm, I thought John Wilson has some utilities that could do that.
See ftp://ftp.dbit.com/pub/putr/
How many RX50's would it take to hold a root filesystem dump? 15 or so?
It's not *quite* as cruel as the RX01 root distribution we discussed over
some Pastrami sandwiches a couple of years back. But it is approaching the
"Wagner Ring cycle on convenient 45's" stage!
> On the other hand if the controller is an RQDX3 it is possible with
> some luck (and more hardware skill than I have ;)) hook up a standard
> 5.25" Teac floppy drive. I don't have the location of the info for
> that at hand - you might try the alt.sys.pdp11 or vmsnet.pdp-11
> newsgroups (lots of knowing folks hang out there).
See ftp://ftp.spc.edu/third-party-disks.txt
See, it's these sorts of references we need in the PUPS FAQ list. The
same questions come up every month, I give the same pointers, then everybody
forgets them again, until I answer the same questions the next month :-).
Tim. (shoppa(a)trailing-edge.com)
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>From "Wilhelm B. Kloke" <wb(a)vestein.arb-phys.uni-dortmund.de> Wed Jul 26 01:43:29 2000
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Date: Tue, 25 Jul 2000 17:43:29 +0200 (MET DST)
From: "Wilhelm B. Kloke" <wb(a)vestein.arb-phys.uni-dortmund.de>
Message-Id: <200007251543.RAA31300(a)yorikke.arb-phys.uni-dortmund.de>
To: pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au
Subject: [pups] Algol 68 for PDP11?
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Hi,
is a location known where this may be preserved? This should be
an Algol68S (P.Hibbard) compiler from CMU adapted for V7 Unix in Manitoba.
At least, Andy Walker calls the beast 'Manitoba compiler'. See recent
discussion in comp.lang.misc.
Regards, wbk
--
Dipl.-Math. Wilhelm Bernhard Kloke
Institut fuer Arbeitsphysiologie an der Universitaet Dortmund
Ardeystrasse 67, D-44139 Dortmund, Tel. 0231-1084-257
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>From Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au> Wed Jul 26 08:24:51 2000
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From: Warren Toomey <wkt(a)henry.cs.adfa.edu.au>
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Subject: [pups] Re; Algol 68 for PDP11?
In-Reply-To: <200007251543.RAA31300(a)yorikke.arb-phys.uni-dortmund.de> from "Wilhelm
B. Kloke" at "Jul 25, 2000 05:43:29 pm"
To: "Wilhelm B. Kloke" <wb(a)vestein.arb-phys.uni-dortmund.de>
Date: Wed, 26 Jul 2000 08:24:51 +1000 (EST)
CC: PDP-11 Unix Preservation Society <pups(a)minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au>
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In article by Wilhelm B. Kloke:
> Hi,
>
> is a location known where this may be preserved? This should be
> an Algol68S (P.Hibbard) compiler from CMU adapted for V7 Unix in Manitoba.
> At least, Andy Walker calls the beast 'Manitoba compiler'. See recent
> discussion in comp.lang.misc.
>
> Regards, wbk
Is it freely available or requires a license? Regardless, I'd be happy
to put it in to the PDP-11/Applications area in our Unix Archive.
Cheers,
Warren
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>From "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com> Wed Jul 26 09:47:40 2000
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From: "Steven M. Schultz" <sms(a)moe.2bsd.com>
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To: PUPS(a)MINNIE.CS.ADFA.OZ.AU
Subject: Re: [pups] Getting a MicroPDP-11 Running
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Hi -
> From: SHOPPA(a)enterprise.trailing-edge.com
>
> But does V7 have a MSCP disk driver? Recommending to someone that all they
Oops - I messed up there didn't I? Concentrated so much on the size
of the disk I forgot about the MSCPness of the device :(
Ummm, as a matter of fact no it doesn't. Depending what version
of V7 you have it may or may not even have an RL driver.
> How many RX50's would it take to hold a root filesystem dump? 15 or so?
Oh perhaps 8 or 9. Using RX33 disks it only took 4 floppies but
the RX50 is what, 400kb (about 1/3 that of the RX33).
It's more like just Siegfried on 45's rather than the entire Ring ;)
> See ftp://ftp.spc.edu/third-party-disks.txt
Is ftp.spc.edu still up and running? I know spc11c.spc.edu is out of
action and I'm not sure home much longer the systems at SPC.EDU will
keep running now that Terry's no longer there.
Steven Schultz
sms(a)moe.2bsd.com